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Biomedical subjects

M Matsuhashi

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuhashi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Intracarotid propofol test for speech and memory dominance in man.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the usefulness of propofol as an alternative drug to amobarbital for the Wada test. METHODS: The authors analyzed 67 right-handed patients out of 123 patients who were candidates for neurosurgical therapy and thus underwent the Wada test as a preoperative evaluation. Twelve were tested with propofol and 55 were tested with amobarbital. Test conditions of the Wada test, recovery time of muscle power to manual muscle testing (MMT) Grade 3 (T3/5) and Grade 5 (T5/5), onset time of the first verbal response (Tverb) after injection and that of the first nonverbal response (Tnon-verb), were compared between the two groups. Power spectrum analysis of EEG background activity during the Wada test was performed and the time and spatial distribution of polymorphic slow activities were also compared in three cases. RESULTS: With propofol injection, lateralities of language and memory function were identified in 12 and 9 of 12 patients in comparison to amobarbital (52 and 41 of 55 patients detection in language and memory function). No complications with direct intracarotid injection of propofol were observed. T3/5 and T5/5 with propofol injection were shorter while Tverb and Tnon-verb were longer compared to amobarbital. Absolute power of polymorphic slow EEG waves gradually increased and then rapidly decreased with propofol, which was in contrast to amobarbital injection. CONCLUSIONS: With direct intracarotid propofol injection, the Wada test was satisfactorily performed in all 12 patients and 2 more patients with left-handedness or with different injection dose for each side without any complications. Clinical usefulness of propofol as an alternative drug to amobarbital for the Wada test was indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Surgical treatment of seizures from the peri-Sylvian area by perinatal insult: a case report of ictal hypersalivation.

UNLABELLED: OBJECTIVES AND IMPORTANCE: It is important to evaluate the seizure manifestation of epilepsy before surgical planning. A patient with partial epilepsy manifesting hypersalivation who underwent resection of the epileptogenic foci with satisfactory postoperative seizure control is reported. CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND INTERVENTION: A 26-year-old man, with a history of perinatal asphyxia, started having medically intractable partial epilepsy at the age of 10 years. His seizure was characterized by throat discomfort followed by hypersalivation. Brain MRI showed an atrophic lesion around the peri-Sylvian area. Scalp recorded EEG did not demonstrate robust epileptiform activity localized enough to define the epileptogenic zone. The patient underwent invasive recording by multiple subdural electrode grids, which showed that the seizure arose from the left anterior frontal operculum. After resection of epileptogenic opercular cortex, the seizures disappeared with no additional neurological deficits. CONCLUSION: Although the responsible sites for ictal drooling are distributed in multiple areas including insula, medial temporal area and operculum, the seizure can be successfully controlled by focus resection of the frontal opercular area in a selected patient with careful presurgical evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Subregions of human MT complex revealed by comparative MEG and direct electrocorticographic recordings.

OBJECTIVE: To locate the visual motion complex (MT+) and study its response properties in an epilepsy surgery patient. METHODS: A 17-year-old epilepsy patient underwent invasive monitoring with subdural electrodes in the right temporo-parieto-occipital area. MT+ was investigated by cortical electric stimulation and by epicortical visual evoked potentials time-locked to motion onset of sinusoidal gratings (motion VEP). Motion-related visual evoked magnetic field (motion VEF) was also recorded before the electrode implantation to complement the invasive recording. RESULTS: Motion VEPs revealed two subregions within MT+, generating early and late potentials respectively. The early activity with a peak around 130 ms was localized at a single electrode situated immediately caudal to the initial portion of the ascending limb of the superior temporal sulcus (AL-STS). The late activity, peaking at 242-274 ms, was located ventro-rostrally over three electrodes. Among the four electrodes with motion VEPs, cortical stimulation at the most caudal pair elicited motion-in-depth perception involving the whole visual field. In addition to two subregions revealed on the gyral crown, magnetoencephalography (MEG) demonstrated another subregion with a late motion VEF in AL-STS immediately rostral to the electrode with the early motion VEP. CONCLUSIONS: In combination with MEG recording, the present invasive exploration demonstrated human MT+ in a focal area of the temporo-parieto-occipital junction and delineated possible three subregions as indicated by the different latencies and distributions of the motion VEP/VEFs. SIGNIFICANCE: Comparative MEG and direct electrocorticographic recordings delineated possible subregions within the human MT complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Seizures arising from the inferior parietal lobule can show ictal semiology of the second sensory seizure (SII seizure).

A 52-year-old right handed man presented with medically intractable partial seizures consisting of numbness on the left upper back spreading to the left upper as well as lower limbs. Head computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a round calcified lesion in the depth of the superior ramus of the right sylvian fissure. Ictal electrocorticographic recording with chronically implanted subdural electrodes showed low voltage fast activities starting exclusively from an electrode located on the right inferior parietal lobule. No apparent ictal activities were observed from the depth electrodes inserted in the parietal operculum. Somatosensory evoked potentials of 75 ms to 145 ms latency were recorded from the ictal onset zone, which was 2 cm caudal to the perisylvian area corresponding to the second somatosensory area. Seizures arising from the inferior parietal lobule including the angular and supuramarginal gyri can produce partial seizures whose ictal semiology and scalp electroencephalography are indistinguishable from the ones originating from the second somatosensory area.

Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory↗
PubMed2002

Maturational change of parallel auditory processing in school-aged children revealed by simultaneous recording of magnetic and electric cortical responses.

OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the maturational change of cortical auditory processing, we analyzed simultaneously recorded auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and magnetic fields (AEFs) in school-aged children. METHODS: Simultaneous recording of AEP and AEF were performed in 32 healthy children of age ranging from 6 to 14 years and 10 adults. Tone bursts of 1 kHz were presented to the left and right ears alternately with 3 different within-ear stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) (1.6, 3.0 and 5.0 s for each ear) under attention-distracted condition. RESULTS: All subjects showed clear N100 and N100m peaks under the longest SOA condition (5.0 s). Under the shortest SOA condition (1.6 s), 4 out of 19 subjects under 12 years (21%) failed to show the N100m component. By contrast, N250 and N250m were observed in the majority of children (29/32: 91%) while those were detected in only 4 out of 10 adults (40%). The spatial distribution of N100 in children under 9 years differed from that in older subjects, whereas the dipole orientation of N100m was constant among age groups, suggesting that radially oriented sources might make additional contribution to the generation of N100 in early childhood. N250 was significantly larger in children than in adults. The strength of N250 was suppressed with longer SOAs, whereas that of N100 was enhanced. The dipole of N250m was located around Heschl's gyrus on the superior temporal plane which was significantly medial, anterior and inferior to that of N100m. CONCLUSIONS: Dissociation of maturational change between the tangential and radial components of N100 suggests that auditory processing at around 100 ms consists of multiple parallel pathways which mature independently. Furthermore, a negative peak at around 250 ms specifically seen in children has different generators from N100 and might represent a special auditory processing which takes an active part until acquisition of the efficient cortical networks of the adult brain.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2001

Increased synchronization of cortical oscillatory activities between human supplementary motor and primary sensorimotor areas during voluntary movements.

In human, both primary and nonprimary motor areas are involved in the control of voluntary movements. However, the dynamics of functional coupling among different motor areas has not been fully clarified yet. Because it has been proposed that the functional coupling among cortical areas might be achieved by the synchronization of oscillatory activity, we investigated the electrocorticographic coherence between the supplementary motor and primary sensorimotor areas (SMA and S1-M1) by means of event-related partial coherence analysis in 11 intractable epilepsy patients. We found premovement increase of coherence between the SMA proper and S1-M1 at the frequency of 0-33 Hz and between the pre-SMA and S1-M1 at 0-18 Hz. Coherence between the SMA proper and M1 started to increase 0.9 sec before the movement onset and peaked 0.3 sec after the movement. There was no systematic difference within the SMA (SMA proper vs pre-SMA) or within the S1-M1, in terms of the time course as well as the peak value of coherence. The phase spectra revealed near-zero phase difference in 57% (20 of 35) of region pairs analyzed, and the remaining pairs showed inconsistent results. This increase of synchronization between multiple motor areas in the preparation and execution of voluntary movements may reflect the multiregional functional interactions in human motor behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Short-term intravesical instillation of pirarubicin (THP) in prophylactic treatment after transurethral resection of superficial bladder tumor].

We conducted a prospective randomized controlled study on the prophylactic effects of short-term intravesical instillation of pirarubicin (THP) against recurrence to determine the effective administration schedule. All patients gave their informed consent. The subjects included bladder cancer patients who had pTa or pT1, and G1 or G2 cancer, and became tumor-free after transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-BT). After dissolving 30 mg of THP into 5 ml of distilled water, physiological saline was added to adjust the total volume to 50 ml, which was then instilled into the bladder, and was retained for 5 minutes. The schedule of instillation was for daily for 7 consecutive days from the day of TUR-BT and subsequently once a week for 10 weeks, 17 times in total for Group I, and once every two weeks for 6 months (12 times) starting 2 weeks after TUR and subsequently once a month until one year had passed after surgery (6 times), 18 times in total for Group II. The total number of cases was 69 (36 in Group I, 33 in Group II). The tumor-free ratios determined by the Kaplan-Meier analysis were 93.9% in Group I and 72.7% in Group II for one year, and 86.8% in Group I and 59.5% in Group II for two years. There was a statistically significant difference in the tumor-free ratios between the two groups by the generalized Wilcoxon test and the Log rank test (p = 0.0145 and 0.0107, respectively). Multivariated analysis using Cox's comparison hazard model produced p-values of 0.0002, 0.0007, 0.0009 and 0.0040 in the order of therapeutic mode, initial onset/recurrence, stage and number of tumor. Adverse events that forced discontinuation of the therapy for a while occurred in 4.3%. These results demonstrated that short-term intensive intravesical instillation of THP immediately after TUR-BT was a safe and effective therapy.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1996

Cellular signals regulating antibiotic sensitivities of bacteria.

The effects of bacterial masses upon the drug resistance of neighboring bacteria were investigated. The experiments were performed with plastic Petri dishes divided into two identical compartments. A growing mass of Bacillus subtilis (signal emitter cell) in one compartment exerted enhancing effects upon the erythromycin and streptomycin resistance of Bacillus carboniphilus (signal recipient) cells, sparsely seeded in the other compartment, through the plastic wall and the air. These effects of the growing mass of cells are attributed to the emission of "sonic" signals.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

Studies on carbon material requirements for bacterial proliferation and spore germination under stress conditions: a new mechanism involving transmission of physical signals.

The growth of bacteria is often enhanced by addition of carbon materials such as graphite or activated charcoal to the growth medium. In this work, bacterial strains that strictly require such carbon materials under the ordinarily lethal stress caused by high concentrations of salt were isolated. The organisms were gram-positive, spore-forming, sugar-nonfermenting aerobic bacilli and were provisionally designated "Bacillus carbophilus" Kasumi after examination of their phenotypic traits. The growth- and germination-promoting effects of graphite and activated charcoal were demonstrated either quantitatively on agar plates containing fine crystals of the carbon materials mixed with a nonpermissive growth medium or qualitatively on agar plates on nonpermissive growth media half-covered with fine carbon particles. Further experiments demonstrated a novel feature of the phenomenon; i.e., the ability to induce colony formation on the nonpermissive plate was transmissible through the air, as well as through plastic or glass barriers. The mechanism probably involves transmission of physical signals regulating cell growth.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1994

Cytoplasmic axial filaments in Escherichia coli cells: possible function in the mechanism of chromosome segregation and cell division.

Overproduction of CafA caused formation of chained cells and minicells. The cafA gene is located downstream from the mre region at 71 min on the Escherichia coli chromosome map and was previously called orfF. A long axial structure running through the chained cells, consisting of bundles of filaments assembled in a long hexagonal pillar several micrometers long and about 0.1 to 0.2 micron in diameter, was visible in both phase-contrast micrographs of the lysozyme-treated cells and electron micrographs of ultrathin sections. The CafA protein displays 34% amino acid similarity with the N terminus of the Ams protein of E. coli, which cross-reacts with antibody to a nonmuscle myosin heavy chain.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1994

[Study on the fertility of epididymal sperms].

One approach to the treatment of obstructive azoospermic cases in whom either vasovasostomy cannot be performed or the vas deferens is absent is to construct an artificial spermatocele in the epididymis. By using this method to recover sperms for use in AIH, we have succeeded in achieving pregnancy in only 2 of 35 cases, leading us to investigate the fertility of the recovered sperms. Sperm fertility was investigated by the hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test, observation by confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM), flow cytometry and hamster egg sperm penetration test. The percentage of swollen sperm determined by the HOS test was 15.0-83.3%, with a mean of 47.6 +/- 16.1%, significantly lower than the values of the normal group and the infertile male group, excluding cases of obstructed azoospermia. Examination by confocal laser-scanning microscope of samples stained with PI and FITC-PSA or PI and FITC-Con A stain revealed viable and dead spermatozoa as well as viable and dead acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. In addition, fertility was evaluated from the distribution of spermatozoa in each area from the flow cytometry percentage. This method was shown previously to be useful for the evaluation of fertility as it demonstrated the presence of numerous spermatozoa in the fertile area of cases who did not succeeded in pregnancy. The hamster egg sperm penetration test yielded a fertility rate of 0-25% with a mean of 8.2 +/- 10.0%, which was significantly lower than the value of the normal group, but was not significantly different from the infertile group. The findings of this study indicated that the fertility of epididymal sperms is low, thereby pointing to the need for studies to improve the materials used in the artificial spermatocele as well as the method of sperm recovery. Furthermore, our findings suggest that flow cytometry may be used to select the epididymal sperms with the highest fertility for sperm recovery.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Escherichia coli mraR gene involved in cell growth and division.

The mraR gene, which has a coding frame of 363 bp and lies close to and upstream of the ftsI gene of Escherichia coli, is involved in both cell division and cell lysis. It is thought to function in regulating the two distinct steps of the cell cycle, as two different one-base mutations in this unique gene caused different phenotypical changes in the cell. Comparison of nucleotide sequences of the mutant type mraR DNAs with the wild type suggested that filamentation of the cell was caused by a mutation in the putative start codon, whereas lysis of the cell was caused by a mutation which led to a change of one internal glutamate residue to lysine.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

[A case report of spermatocytic seminoma--clinical review of 17 cases in Japan].

A male aged 48 visited our department on October 17, complaining of swelling of his left scrotal content from July, 1990. Physical examination showed the testis to be swollen to the size of a chicken egg, and ultrasound examination disclosed the swelling to be solid and nodular. Left high inguinal orchiectomy was performed on October 29. The testis extirpated was 50 x 40 x 45 mm in size and weighted 80 g; the gross appearance of the cut surface of the testis was nodular with grayish-white color. The lesion was proved to be spermatocytic seminoma histopathologically, but no hemorrhage or necrosis was observed. Radiation in the dose of 36 Gy was given over the left hypogastrium and paraaortic region in 36 Gy each. The patient subsequently did will and has been followed up in our outpatient clinic without evidence of recurrence as of 10 postoperative months. This patient was the 19th reported case of spermatocytic seminoma in Japan. However, General Rules for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Testicular Tumors explain that spermatocytic seminoma is usually seen in a pure form, unassociated with other types of germ cell tumors, making our case actually the 17th case of this particular seminoma if spermatocytic seminomas combined with other germ cell tumors are exclude from the statistical analysis. Reports of spermatocytic seminoma thus defined are reviewed in this study.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMed1992

[Drug induced cystitis due to ketotifen fumarate--a case report].

Tranilast, an antiallergic drug, is well known as a causal drug of cystitis, and a report is made here of our experience of 1 case of drug-induced cystitis ascribable to ketotifen fumarate. A 13-year-old female had been taking anti-asthmatic drugs orally since the onset of athmatoid attacks, from age of 5. The attacks intensified from the age of 12, because of this she began to take various anti-asthmatic drugs orally. She visited another hospital, due to pollakisuria, in November, 1990, and received treatment for cystitis. However, the symptoms were not alleviated, and she visited our department on January 9, 1991. By urinalysis, large counts of leukocytes and erythrocytes were observed in a visual field of the sediment. Remarkable reddening was observed over the urinary bladder in the patient's cystoscopic findings. Treatment was given at our department, on an outpatient basis, with various antibacterial drugs for approximately one month, but her symptoms were not alleviated, pollakisuria and aseptic pyuria persisted. The patient had never taken tranilast; oral intake of ketotifen fumarate and saibokutou was discontinued on February 13, due to a suspicion of drug-induced cystitis, and her symptoms subsequently disappeared. On February 22, she took ketotifen fumarate orally again, on her own, due to asthmatoid attack, and her symptoms returned. The oral intake of ketotifen fumarate was again discontinued, and alleviation of the symptoms and normalization of the urinary findings were again observed. As a result, lymphocyte stimulation tests on all the drugs the patient had ever taken, only ketotifen fumarate turned out to be positive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Fungi isolated from diseased medicinal plants].

One hundred and forty-four fungal isolates were obtained from diseased Paeonia albiflora Pall. var. trichocarpa Bung., Astragalus membranaceus Bung., Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc., Ledebouriella seseloides Wolff and Bupleurum falcatum L. which were collected in the test field of Tsukuba Medicinal Plant Research Station, National Institute of Hygienic Sciences. Most of them were identified into 15 genera containing 8 species. Fungal species presumed to be pathogens of the host plants were as follows: Cladosporium paeoniae, Pestalotia paeoniicola, Glomerella cingulata, Hainesia lythri, Guignardia sp. and Alternaria sp. from P. albiflora, Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia spp. and Neocosmospora vasinfecta from A. membranaceus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from L. erythrorhizon, Rhizoctonia sp., Fusarium spp., Phoma sp. and Pyrenochaeta sp. from L. seseloides, and Fusarium sp., Alternaria alternata, Phyllosticta sp., Phoma sp., Phomopsis sp. and C. gloeosporioides from B. falcatum. Roots of B. falcatum were found to be parasitized by Meloidogyne sp.

Astragalus propinquus↗
PubMed1992

[A case of lamellar keratoplasty and autoscleroplasty combined with keratoepithelioplasty for Wegener's sclerocorneal ulcer].

A 62-year-old man with Wegener's granulomatosis developed sclerocorneal ulcer. The general condition of the patient became well with steroid and presented cyclophosphamide therapy, he developed sclerocorneal ulcer. The sclerocorneal ulcer was present at the nasal limbus of the right eye. The ulcer was marked and presented descemetocele. Although lamellar keratoplasty was performed, the scleral ulcer recurred after two weeks. Excision of the affected sclera and autoscleroplasty was performed. The ulcer disappeared after 6 months, and the corneal graft was covered with corneal epithelium and conjunctiva. Ten months after autoscleroplasty was performed, a sclerocorneal ulcer was again recurred. We performed lamellar excision of the affected corneal area, resected the adjacent conjunctiva and performed keratoepithelioplasty. These surgical procedures were effective in preventing perforation of the cornea. Specular microscopic study of the corneal epithelium revealed nucleated epithelium and large epithelial cells. The endothelium appeared normal.

Corneal Transplantation↗