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Biomedical subjects

M Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuda.

At least 1,729 records · Page 96Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Thymidylate synthase levels as a therapeutic and prognostic predictor in breast cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a commonly used adjuvant therapeutic drug in treating breast cancer. 5-FU is metabolically converted to 5-fluorouracil-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate-(FdUMP) which is believed to inhibit DNA synthesis in neoplastic cells by forming a tightly bound ternary complex with thymidylate synthase (TS). In the present study, we examined the possible relationship between TS levels and clinico-pathologic and prognostic features in breast disease. Mean TS levels of 2.9 pmol/g, 6.1 pmol/g, and 23.1 pmol/g were obtained in cases of benign breast disease (3 cases), primary breast cancer (115 cases), and recurrent tumors (4 cases), respectively. In breast cancer, mean TS levels significantly correlated with S-phase fraction (SPF), DNA polymerase a and lymphatic invasion. Thus, TS levels in breast cancer significantly reflected cell proliferation and malignancy. Regarding the survival rate, patients with TS values above 10 pmol/g showed an unfavorable prognosis. The effectiveness of adjuvant 5-FU derivatives chemotherapy was reflected in a higher disease-free survival rate in node (+) cases showing TS levels between 5 and 10 pmol/g (p < 0.1), but not in node (-) cases. In conclusion, TS levels in neoplastic tissues of the breast were highest in recurrent tumors, followed by those in primary cancer, benign breast disease and in breast cancer which reflected proliferative activity. Breast cancers with extremely high TS levels were accompanied by an unfavorable prognosis; however, those with moderately high TS levels tended to respond to adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU derivatives.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Scanning electron microscopy in the study of lung cancer. New technique of comparative studies on the same lung cancer cells by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

A new technique for observing the same lung cancer cells by light microscope and SEM was developed. By this technique it was clarified that the surface ultrastructures of epidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and oat-cell carcinoma cells are different from each other. Those of adenocarcinoma and mesothelial cells were quite different. This technique might be of use, adding new information into the ordinary cytologic diagnosis of cancer cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of malignant schwannoma metastatic to the breast.

A case of malignant schwannoma metastatic to the breast is reported. The tumor was found as a solitary breast lump in a 43-year-old woman and was clinically considered to be a primary tumor. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears of the mass were interpreted cytologically as a malignant neurogenic tumor, compatible with a malignant schwannoma. The patient did not have multiple neurofibromatoses. Eight months previously, an excision of a solitary nodule located in the left axilla had been performed in another hospital. Comparison of the histologic section from that excision with the FNA confirmed that the breast tumor was a metastatic malignant schwannoma, and the patient was treated accordingly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Corneal endothelial changes associated with contact lens wear.

Contact lenses may induce short- and long-term corneal endothelial changes. The endothelial bleb response is a short-term, reversible change noted with contact lens wear. Long-term endothelial changes such as polymegethism (increased variation in cell size) and pleomorphism (a decrease in the frequency of hexagonal cells) have also been detected in polymethylmethacrylate, rigid gas permeable, and daily and extended wear soft contact lens patients. These morphometric changes have also been seen in myopes, aphakes, and corneal transplant recipients. Differences in endothelial morphometry between the central and mid-peripheral regions of the cornea have also been noted in hard lens wearers. The long-term significance of these findings is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of "minimal" breast cancer.

The value of fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the diagnosis of "minimal" breast cancer was studied. Sixteen (76.2%) of 21 cases of invasive breast cancer less than 1.0 cm in diameter and 14 (73.3%) of 19 cases of noninvasive breast carcinoma were given a positive diagnosis by FNA cytology. One "suspicious" and the five false-negative diagnoses occurred in cases of invasive carcinoma; the reasons were considered to be either a faulty technique of needling the tumor or the presence of prominent fibrosis in the tumor. In noninvasive carcinoma, atypical cells were misdiagnosed in two of the five smears that had been originally reported as negative. The results of the retrospective analysis showed that FNA cytology had a higher accuracy in the diagnosis of small lesions than did radiologic and echographic criteria, and FNA cytology was thus used as the main criterion for deciding on the necessity for preoperative surgical biopsies.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic diagnosis of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in sputum.

A prospective study of the value of sputum cytology in the diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx is reported. Sputum cytology established the diagnosis in 63.5% of the patients with laryngeal lesions and in 77.4% of the patients with hypopharyngeal lesions. In laryngeal cancer, a positive diagnosis by sputum cytology was related to clinical T factors (according to the TNM classification): while only 29.4% of T1 lesions were positively detected by sputum cytology, 63.3% of T2 lesions, 69.7% of T3 lesions and 79.2% of T4 lesions were so detected. In hypopharyngeal cancer, there was no discernible relationship between sputum cytodiagnosis and clinical T factors. Generally, there was only a small number of cancer cells present in the sputum in these cases. Some of the squamous cancer cells were not very conspicuous and would require careful screening of the sputum specimens to be detected.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic detection of malignant lymphoma cells in urine and hydrocele fluid.

The cytologic finding of malignant lymphoma cells in the urine and hydrocele fluid of a 32-year-old man is reported. The tumor cells were scattered singly and were slightly larger than normal lymphocytes. Their nuclei were ovoid or irregular in shape. Hyperchromasia, coarsely distributed chromatin and prominent nucleoli were characteristic. Histologic examination showed a non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma, corresponding to the large-cell type of diffuse lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Giant cell carcinoma of the lung: comparative studies of the same cancer cells by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.

Surface ultrastructures of giant cell carcinoma cells were studied utilizing a technique developed by the authors which permits observation of the same cells by both light and scanning electron microscopy. Although some general similarity was shown to exist between giant cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cells, the following distinguishing features of giant cell carcinoma cells were demonstrated: (1) absence of keratinization, (2) full, bulging cellular edges and (3) presence of deep invaginations or small hollows. The features which distinguished giant cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma cells were: (1) presence of many flattened cells, (2) folded cell surface, (3) absence of tight clusters of cancer cells and (4) few microvilli. Furthermore, the characteristic granularity observed in small cell carcinoma was not observed in giant cell carcinoma cells. Characteristically, cells of giant cell carcinoma are extremely large and flattened, engulf numerous leukocytes and have a bulging cellular edge.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pitfalls in fine needle aspiration cytology of breast tumors. A report of two cases.

Two cases of fibroadenoma that were cytologically misdiagnosed as mucous carcinoma are reported. The reason for this misdiagnosis was the presence of mucus in the background of the smears. Cytologically, even if plenty of mucus is present in a smear, careful observation of the content of the mucus is necessary. A group of stromal cells in mucus or of epithelial cells dissociated from mucus suggests fibroadenoma with a mucous change in the fibromatous tissue.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glucose and lipid metabolism during long-term antihypertensive treatment with indapamide in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients.

Thirty-nine patients with diabetes and hypertension were treated with indapamide for 24 weeks to study the effects of that drug on glucose and lipid metabolism. The drug was administered at a dose of 2 mg once per day in the morning as a single drug (26 patients) or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs (13 patients), including calcium antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, an alpha-blocker, or a beta-blocker. Blood pressure was reduced in both groups during treatment, and no alteration of glycemic control or lipid metabolism was observed. One patient complained of a mild headache, but treatment was continued. The results indicate that indapamide is useful for the long-term treatment of hypertension in diabetic patients, either alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.

Aged↗