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Biomedical subjects

M Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuda.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

The phylogenetic relationships of the saturn-shaped ascospore-forming species of the genus Williopsis Zender and related genera based on the partial sequences of 18S and 26S ribosomal RNAs (Saccharomycetaceae): the proposal of Komagataea Gen. Nov.

The partial base sequences of 18S and 26S rRNAs of strains of Williopsis and Saturnospora species were analyzed. In the three regions partially sequenced, the higher base differences were observed in the strains examined of the three species, W. californica, W. mucosa, and W. pratensis, compared with those of W. saturnus var. saturnus (type species of genus Williopsis), W. beijerinckii, W. mrakii, W. saturnus var. subsufficiens, W. suaveolens, P. membranaefaciens (type species of genus Pichia), C. matritensis (type species of genus Citeromyces), and S'spora dispora (type species of genus Saturnospora): the percent similarities were 52-82 in positions 493-622, 130 bases, of 26S rRNA, and the number of base differences was 28-6 in positions 1611-1835, 225 bases, of 26S rRNA, and the number of base differences was 25-4 in positions 1451-1618, 168 bases, of 18S rRNA. In the 18S rRNA partial base sequencings, W. mucosa had an identical base sequence with P. anomala (identical to H. anomala, type species of genus Hansenula). Based on the sequence data obtained, the taxonomic positions of the three Williopsis species mentioned above are discussed. The genus Zygowilliopsis Kudriavzev was postulated to be retained and emended, and a new genus, Komagataea was proposed for W. pratensis with a new combination, Komagataea pratensis.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

The phylogenetic relationships of species of the genus Dekkera van der Walt based on the partial sequences of 18S and 26S ribosomal RNAs (Saccharomycetaceae).

Eight strains of species of the teleomorphic genus Dekkera (and anamorphic genus Brettanomyces) were examined for their partial base sequences of 18S and 26S rRNAs. In the 26S rRNA partial base sequencings in positions 493-622 (130 bases) of 26S rRNA, D. bruxellensis (type species) (and B. bruxellensis, type species) and D. anomala (and B. anomalus) were related phylogenetically (percent similarities, 73-82). The percent similarity of D. naardenensis and D. custersiana were very low (48-56 and 48-53, respectively). In the 26S rRNA partial base sequencings in positions 1611-1835 (225 bases) of 26S rRNA, D. bruxellensis (and B. bruxellensis) and D. anomala (and B. anomalus) were related phylogenetically (base differences, 8-6). The base differences of D. naardenensis and D. custersiana were 46-38 and 38-27, respectively. In the 18S rRNA partial base sequencings in positions 1451-1618 (168 bases) of 18S rRNA, D. bruxellensis (and B. bruxellensis) and D. anomala (and B. anomalus) were closely related phylogenetically (base difference, one). The base differences of D. naardenensis were three with the above-mentioned two species. In contrast, D. custersiana was distant phylogenetically (base differences, 10-9). The sequence data obtained were discussed taxonomically, especially on setting up a new teleomorphic genus for D. custersiana.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Enhanced cell proliferation by hyperprolactinemia in both exocrine and endocrine pancreas in mice.

Effects of hyperprolactinemia induced by ectopic anterior pituitary grafting on the pancreas were studied in male SHN mice. After pituitary grafting, the weight of pancreas rapidly increased. A similar increase in pancreatic weight was observed during lactation, a condition associated with elevated prolactin levels. Results of DNA and protein assays revealed that the increase in pancreatic weight in both pituitary-grafted and lactating mice was mainly due to the increase in the cell number, because the total DNA content per pancreas was greater in these mice than the controls. An increase in fluid volume or hypertrophy of cells also contributes to the weight increase; in contrast, the DNA and protein contents per unit tissue weight decrease. The rate of DNA synthesis determined by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine labeling was higher both in acinar cells and islet B cells in pituitary-grafted mice than in the controls. Thus, hyperprolactinemia stimulates cell proliferation in exocrine pancreas as well as endocrine islets. The effect of prolactin seems to be indirect on acinar cells, because only B cells showed prolactin immunoreactivity in the mouse pancreas. In addition, insulin might not be a mediator of the prolactin effect on acinar cells, because the serum insulin level in pituitary-grafted mice failed to show any change.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hemichorea in hyperglycemia associated with increased blood flow in the contralateral striatum and thalamus.

We studied a patient with hyperglycemia who developed choreic involuntary movements in the right extremities using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 123I-N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine. SPECT revealed an increased blood flow in the left striatum and thalamus. Through the control of blood glucose and the administration of haloperidol, the hemichorea was resolved, and the increased blood flow in the striatum and thalamus disappeared. These findings suggest that the increased blood flow, which probably indicates increased neuron activity in the striatum and thalamus, is an underlying pathophysiological state in hemichorea.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 in the spinal cord of rats during acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

We investigated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) by cells in the central nervous system (CNS) of Lewis rats during acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). A few endothelial cells in the CNS of normal rats expressed ICAM-1, whereas during the active phase of EAE, ICAM-1 was present on many endothelial cells. This alteration was detectable the day before clinical symptoms. Since histopathological studies showed few detectable mononuclear cells or inflammatory foci in any section of the preclinical rats, the expression of ICMA-1 was considered to be important at least in the early stage of inflammation. LFA-1 was seen on perivascular infiltrating cells. An increase in either ICAM-1- or LFA-1-positive cells was initially seen in the lumbosacral portion of the spinal cord, which then extended to the thoracic portion. The number of either ICAM-1- or LFA-1-positive cells peaked on the day of clinical onset in the lumbosacral portion. In contrast, in the thoracic portion, a peak in the number of either ICAM-1- or LFA-1-positive cells was observed on the day after clinical onset. This ascending extension of either ICAM-1- or LFA-1-positive cells was correlated with the progression of neurologic signs. It is suggested that increased expression of ICAM-1 and LFA-1 in the CNS of rat EAE may promote the extravasation of lymphocytes across the blood-brain barrier and be related to progression of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Adhesion and cytotoxicity of myelin basic protein-specific encephalitogenic T cells to normal and inflamed cerebral endothelial cells.

To study the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown in autoimmune demyelinating diseases, such as experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), we investigated the cell interaction in vitro between myelin basic protein (MBP)-specific encephalitogenic T cells and normal and inflamed cerebral endothelial cells, and the cytotoxic effect of antigen specific T cell lines on normal and inflamed cerebral endothelial cells. The importance of relationship between cell surface adhesion and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) was examined by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against adhesion receptors. The adhesion of encephalitogenic T cells to inflamed endothelial cells was significantly increased as compared with normal endothelial cells (P < 0.001). The percentage lysis of inflamed endothelial target cells was significantly increased by incubation with MBP-encephalitogenic T cell lines in the presence of MBP as compared with those of normal endothelial targets (P < 0.0001). Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is not involved in T cell adhesion to endothelial cells or cytotoxic endothelial cell lysis. Antibodies against human alpha 4 integrin (HP 2/1) and beta 1 (A11B2) inhibited T cell adhesion, but did not block cytotoxic endothelial cell lysis. These results indicate that T cell adhesion to inflamed cerebral endothelial cells and cytotoxicity of T cells for cerebral endothelial cells may play a central role in the breakdown of the BBB and development of inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system(CNS).

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Down-regulation of CD3 antigen on adult T cell leukemia cells.

The immunological abnormality of T lymphocytes in patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL) is characterized by the abnormal enhanced expression of the 55 kDa chain of the receptor for interleukin 2 (IL-2R/p55) (Tac), and down-regulation of CD3 antigen. Using serum and culture supernatants of leukemic cells from ATL patients (Group A) whose CD3 expression was down-regulated and those whose CD3 was not low (Group B), the possible mechanism of CD3 down-regulation on ATL cells was investigated. When PBMC from normal individuals were cultured with sera from ATL patients for 24 hrs, CD3 expression revealed by means of fluorescent intensity (MFI) was down-regulated by sera from ATL patients in Group A (MFI: Pt.1 = 51.6 +/- 4.5, Pt.2 = 48.0 +/- 6.9, Control = 96.5 +/- 6.6), not by sera from patients in Group B (MFI: Pt.3 = 105.5 +/- 7.9, Pt.4 = 102.5 +/- 8.3, Control = 96.5 +/- 6.6). When normal PBMC were cultured with supernatants of leukemic cells from ATL patients in Group A, the same CD3 down-regulating activity was also detected (MFI: Pt.1 = 78.0 +/- 10.2, Pt.2 = 70.6 +/- 8.7, Control = 94.0 +/- 6.6). By using gel-chromatography, the fractionated supernatants from ATL patients in Group A decreased CD3 expression of normal PBMC significantly (MFI: Pt.1 = 22.9 +/- 5.8, Pt.2 = 28.8 +/- 7.4, Control = 92.1 +/- 9.6).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Genome DNA analysis and genotyping of clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori.

The genotype of genome DNA from seventeen clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) was determined. Three restriction enzymes, Apa I, Kpn I and Not I, were found to produce distributions of DNA fragments which were useful for analysis of the chromosome-sized DNA from H. pylori NCTC11637T by PFGE. Many of the isolates of H. pylori could not be genotyped by PFGE after digestion reaction with Apa I, Kpn I, and Not I. When AP-PCR with a ten-nucleotide primer was performed using the chromosomal genomic DNA from the isolates as templates, fifteen distinctly different profiles were obtained from the seventeen isolates. Thus, genotyping of the isolates was possible where PFGE profiles had not previously been informative. The results suggest that AP-PCR is more suitable for genotyping of clinical isolates of H. pylori in Japan than PFGE.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

[Age-related changes of B-cell immune function in patients with subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (SMON)].

Several kinds of immunological abnormalities have been found more frequently in patients with subacute myelo-optico-neuropathy (SMON). To investigate whether the B-cell immune system is implicated in aging in patients with SMON, we examined serum levels of immunoglobulin including IgG, IgM, and IgA, and the number of CD20+ cells (B lymphocytes) and CD20+ CD23+ cells (activated B lymphocytes) using flow cytometry, and compared them with those in age-matched controls. We also investigated whether the number of HLA-DR+ cells was correlated with those of CD20+ cells, CD20+ CD23+ cells, or HLA-DR+CD3+ cells (activated T lymphocytes) in patients with SMON. Serum levels of IgG, IgM and IgA were decreased with aging both in the patients with SMON and in the controls, and no significant difference was found between the two groups. Although the patients with SMON tended to show higher levels of CD20+ and CD20+ CD23+ cells than the age-matched controls, there were no significant differences between the two groups. The number of HLA-DR+ cells was correlated not with that of CD20+ cells or CD20+ CD23+ cells, but with that of HLA-DR+CD3+ cells. In patients with SMON, it is likely that the B-cell immune system is mainly implicated in the effect of aging, but it is unlikely that other factors than aging are associated with the B-cell immune system. The increase in the number of HLA-DR+ cells associated with aging in patients with SMON reflects the increase in the number of activated T lymphocytes, and is not correlated with the changes of B lymphocytes.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1994

[Exercise and rest myocardial scintigraphy with 201TlCl/99mTc-MIBI dual energy acquisition using triple-energy window scatter correction].

We carried out dual 201Tl/99mTc-MIBI imaging, to reduce the time required for exercise myocardial scintigraphy. We investigated 4 different protocols. In protocol (A), Tl was injected at rest followed by the injection of MIBI at peak exercise. Dual SPECT images were obtained by 201Tl/99mTc simultaneous acquisition. Protocol (B) means reverse either, in which MIBI was injected at rest followed by the administration of Tl at peak exercise. In protocol (C), exercise was performed first with MIBI-injection, and then Tl was injected at rest after one hour later. Simultaneous acquisition was also performed. In protocol (D), after the rest Tl-imaging, MIBI was injected at peak exercise, and then the MIBI-imaging was done. In protocol (A), (B) and (C), simultaneous acquisition was performed using TEW (Triple-Energy Window) scatter correction. Thanks to using dual isotopes, all procedures could be completed within 1-2 hours, which was much shorter than the conventional myocardial perfusion imaging. Scatter correction was useful for accurate diagnoses, when the simultaneous imaging is performed.

Exercise Test↗
PubMed1994

[Effect of RES on liver regeneration and survival after 90% partial hepatectomy].

In previous studies, 90% partial hepatectomy in the rat was invariably accompanied by 100% mortality within 40 hr. This paper describes the effect of enhanced reticuloendothelial system (RES) on liver regeneration after 90% partial hepatectomy. RES was activated using 5 K.E. of OK-432 injected intraperitoneally 24 hr before 90% partial hepatectomy. Ninety per cent of the liver mass was resected and rats were provided with tap water or 20% glucose orally and subcutaneously. Survival time was strikingly different. In rats provided with tap water only; 100% of rats died before 42 hr. In rats provided with 20% glucose; 44.2% of rats survived beyond 42 hr. In rats pretreated with OK-432 and provided with 20% glucose; 87.0% of rats survived beyond 42 hr. This regimen results in severe hypoglycemia and dead within 42 hr. When RES was activated before 90% partial hepatectomy, significantly higher blood glucose level was observed. BrdU labeling index was significantly higher in rats pretreated with OK-432 than in control rats. The results indicate that enhancement of RES before 90% partial hepatectomy provides acute metabolic support and enhancement of liver regeneration resulting in improved survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Comparative pharmacokinetics of the histamine H1-receptor antagonist ebastine and its active metabolite carebastine in rats, guinea pigs, dogs and monkeys.

The pharmacokinetics of ebastine (CAS 90729-43-4), a new histamine H1-receptor antagonist, was investigated in rats, guinea pigs, dogs and monkeys. Plasma levels of ebastine and its active carboxylated metabolite, carebastine (CAS 90729-42-3), were determined after an intravenous dose (2 mg/kg) or an oral dose (10 mg/kg). After intravenous administration to dogs, plasma levels of the unchanged ebastine showed a bi-phasic decrease with a t1/2 alpha of 0.16 h and t1/2 beta of 4.2 h. In contrast, after oral administration, the unchanged ebastine was scarcely detected in plasma of 4 animal species examined, indicating extensive first-pass metabolism of ebastine. There were marked interspecies differences in the plasma concentration-time profiles of carebastine after oral administration of ebastine. The Cmax of carebastine in guinea pigs (2820 ng/ml) was markedly higher than that in rats (311 ng/ml), dogs (465 ng/ml) and monkeys (1036 ng/ml). Guinea pig also showed the slower elimination of carebastine (t1/2 of 9.4 h) than rat (0.92 h), dog (2.4 h) and monkey (1.2 h). After oral administration of carebastine to rats, the Cmax and AUC were approximately 3/4 of those after administration of ebastine. Once daily 7-day repeated oral administrations of ebastine did not affect the pharmacokinetics of ebastine and carebastine in rats. These findings strongly indicate that carebastine is responsible for the antihistamine activity after oral administration of ebastine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Pharmacokinetics of the H1-receptor antagonist ebastine and its active metabolite carebastine in healthy subjects.

Pharmacokinetics of ebastine (CAS 90729-43-4), a histamine H1-receptor antagonist, was evaluated in healthy male volunteers. The subjects were given single oral doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg of ebastine (5 or 6 subjects) and repeated oral doses of 20 mg once daily for 7 days (6 subjects). Administration of ebastine resulted in a negligible level of the unchanged drug in plasma and urine. Mean plasma concentration of carebastine (CAS 90729-42-3), an active carboxylated metabolite, reached maximum levels of 40, 112, 195 and 388 ng/ml at 4-6 h after single oral administration of ebastine at doses of 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg, respectively. Plasma levels of carebastine showed a first-order decrease with apparent half-lives of 13.8 to 15.3 h. The Cmax and AUC of carebastine increased in proportion to the dose. Urinary excretion of carebastine during 72 h after single administration accounted for 1.3-1.8% of the dose. Food intake did not affect the pharmacokinetics and gastrointestinal absorption of ebastine. Repeated administrations of ebastine once daily for 7 days did not cause any change in the pharmacokinetics of ebastine and carebastine. Plasma concentration of carebastine reached the steady state on day 4. The Cmax (360-396 ng/ml) was 1.6- to 1.7-fold greater than that after the first administration (229 ng/ml). These results strongly suggest that carebastine is responsible for the antihistamine activity after administration of ebastine.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Familial amyloid polyneuropathy type IV (Finnish type)--a clinicopathological study].

Familial amyloid polyneuropathy type IV (Finnish type, FAP IV) is one form of hereditary generalized amyloidosis with autosomal dominant trait and is characterized clinically by a triad of corneal lattice dystrophy, caudal cranial neuropathy and various skin changes. The vast majority of the families with this disorder originated from Finland. We carried out a clinicopathological study of a large FAP IV kindred recently found in Japan. This family consisted of 73 members in 5 generations with 17 affected individuals and 7 of them (ages 45 to 73) were examined in detail. All patients showed typical clinical manifestations, lacking significant peripheral neuropathy in the limbs. However, autonomic dysfunctions including orthostatic fainting and dysuria were seen in 2 patients. Congophilic amyloid deposits were commonly observed in an aspiration biopsy of abdominal fat tissues, and noradrenergic nerve fibers of the rectal mucosa were reduced in one patient with autonomic symptoms. DNA analysis using PCR revealed a single base change (G to A) at nucleotide position 654 of the gelsolin gene in 7 patients and one asymptomatic individual. The clinical pictures and gene abnormality in this Japanese family are very similar to those reported in Finland. Moreover, this study added that autonomic nerves might be involved in FAP IV patients at the advanced stage.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1994

[Circulatory effects of stellate ganglion block and high thoracic epidural block].

A comparative study of the circulatory effects of stellate ganglion block (SGB) and high thoracic epidural block (TEB) was conducted in 11 patients. Although blood pressure and heart rate showed no significant changes even after SGB, they both decreased significantly following TEB. The blood flow in the common carotid artery (CCA) increased markedly at 5 minutes after performing SGB, and at 20 minutes it reached its peak value of 163.5 +/- 7.8%, and the increase remained significant up to 75 minutes. On the other hand, it increased significantly from 5 minutes after performing TEB and reached its peak of 122.2 +/- 7.6% at 15 minutes, and this increase remained significant up to 60 minutes. In comparing these two nerve blocks, the blood flow in the CCA showed a more marked increase following SGB than after TEB from 5 to 60 minutes after performing. The blood flow rate in the CCA increased markedly from 5 minutes after performing SGB, reached its peak of 139.1 +/- 11.3% at 20 minutes, and this increase remained significant up to 60 minutes thereafter. After performing TEB no significant changes were observed. In comparing SGB and TEB, from 5 to 60 minutes after performing, the rate became markedly faster after SGB than after TEB. The vascular diameter of the CCA from 5 minutes after performing SGB showed a slight but significant enlargement, and at 20 minutes it reached its maximum of 111.7 +/- 3.0%, and this significant enlargement persisted up to 60 minutes. From 10 minutes after performing TEB, it showed a slight but significant enlargement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗