Biomedical subjects

M Matsuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuda.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

A new technique for laparoscopic cholecystectomy--retrograde laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an analysis of 81 cases.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: A new technique of laparoscopic cholecystectomy is presented here. This new method, retrograde laparoscopic cholecystectomy (RLC) from fundus to cystic duct downward, may have advantages when exposure of the cystic duct and the common duct are difficult and therefore hazardous. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We carried out laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 173 patients; RLC was performed in 81, The operative procedure is as follows: first, the cystic duct and artery are exposed at the junction of the ampulla. The cystic duct is clipped, and the artery is divided. Removal of the gallbladder is then started from the fundus to cystic duct downward. After the gallbladder has been dissected from the liver bed, the cystic duct is double-clipped and divided. This approach provides better visualization of the gallbladder, cystic duct, and common duct, with less chance of common duct injury, due to clear identification of the ductal system, without the need for intraoperative cholangiography. RESULTS: Eighty-one RLCs were performed without severe complications, either immediate or late. The mean operating time was 23 minutes shorter in RLC than in the usual laparoscopic cholecystectomy, because intraoperative cholangiography was used much less often. CONCLUSION: RLC appears to be a safe procedure, and does not affect the conventional method.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Abrogation of the Fc gamma receptor IIA-mediated phagocytic signal by stem-loop Syk antisense oligonucleotides.

The role of Syk kinase in Fc gamma receptor (Fc gamma R) IIA-mediated phagocytosis was examined with two forms of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) designed to hybridize to human Syk mRNA. Monocytes were incubated with linear and stem-loop antisense ODNs targeted to Syk mRNA. When complexed with cationic liposomes, stem-loop Syk antisense ODN with phosphorothioate modification exhibited stability in fetal bovine and human serum. The stem-loop Syk antisense ODN at a concentration of 0.2 microM inhibited Fc gamma RIIA-mediated phagocytosis by 90% and completely eliminated Syk mRNA and protein in monocytes, whereas scrambled-control ODNs had no effect. The Syk antisense ODNs did not change beta-actin mRNA levels and Fc gamma RII cell-surface expression. In addition, stem-loop Syk antisense ODN inhibited Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIIIA-mediated phagocytosis. These data indicate the efficacy of stem-loop Syk antisense ODN for targeting and degrading Syk mRNA and protein and the importance of Syk kinase in Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis. Immunoblotting assay demonstrated that Fc gamma RII tyrosine phosphorylation after Fc gamma RII cross-linking did not change in the absence of Syk protein. These results indicate that Syk kinase is required for Fc gamma RIIA-mediated phagocytic signaling and that Fc gamma RII cross-linking leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of Fc gamma RII independent of Syk kinase.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

A new device for the treatment of coloproctostomic stricture after double stapling anastomoses.

OBJECTIVE: A new device of staple cutter was developed to evaluate the clinical effect for the treatment of rectal stricture after the double stapling anastomosis. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The double stapling technique has become an established reconstruction method for patients with low anterior resection. The major complication of anastomotic stricture associated with circular stapling has been reported to be harmful and distressing. Because underlying mechanisms of stricture are not well understood, no prophylactic means have been developed and this results in postoperative dilation still being the only treatment available. Although various dilation methods are used for the treatment of stricture, none is fully satisfactory. METHODS: Low anterior resection was performed in 30 patients with rectal carcinoma using a double stapling technique. First, the incidence of the anastomotic stricture and the clinical factors that contribute to the stricture formation were studied. Second, the clinical effects and advantages of the treatment of coloproctostomic stricture using the newly developed device (staple cutter) were evaluated. RESULTS: Nine (30%) of 30 patients had anastomotic stricture with the symptom of distressing frequent bowel movement. There was no significant relation between the clinical factors and the stricture when compared with that of nonstricture patients. Excellent dilation was performed in all of the nine strictures using the staple cutter, and the symptom of stricture disappeared dramatically in eight patients (89%) within 1 week. The recurrence of stricture occurred in two patients; however, it has not been observed after one further use of this treatment. The staple cutter is safe and easy to use even at the bedside, and except for a conventional anoscope, no special equipment, including fluoroscope, was needed. CONCLUSIONS: From the significant effects and advantages, the procedure using staple cutter is recommended highly for the treatment of circular stapling anastomotic stricture of the rectum.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Effect of ethanol on airway caliber and nonspecific bronchial responsiveness in patients with alcohol-induced asthma.

No study has investigated the effects of ethanol on bronchial responsiveness in patients with alcohol-induced asthma, although acetaldehyde, which is a metabolite of ethanol and is thought to be a main factor in alcohol-induced asthma, causes both bronchoconstriction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the direct action of ethanol on the airway in patients with alcohol-induced asthma. First, we investigated the bronchial response to inhalation of ascending doses (5, 10, and 20%) of ethanol in nine patients with alcohol-induced asthma. Then, the bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was measured in 14 patients who were pretreated with saline or 20% ethanol in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover fashion. Ascending doses of inhaled ethanol caused no significant changes in FEV1. The methacholine concentrations producing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20-MCh) after 20% ethanol (0.769 mg/ml, GSEM 1.514) were significantly (P = 0.0357) higher than those after saline (0.493 mg/ml, GSEM 1.368). This indicates that ethanol has a reducing effect on nonspecific bronchial responsiveness in patients with alcohol-induced asthma; this paper is the first report on the effects of ethanol on bronchial responsiveness.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1996

Case report: gastrointestinal bleeding from a hepatocellular carcinoma invading the transverse colon.

A 72-year-old woman with cirrhosis of the liver was treated repeatedly by transcatheter arterial embolization for multifocal hepatocellular carcinomas. She developed gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to direct invasion of the wall of the transverse colon. The diagnosis was made pre-operatively by colonoscopy and the patient was treated successfully. This rare complication of hepatocellular carcinoma was due to the protrusive type of growth exhibited by this tumour and may have been affected by the transcatheter arterial embolization.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

Comparative study of regional cerebral blood flow values measured by Xe CT and Xe SPECT.

The regional cerebral blood flow (rBCF) values measured by stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography (Xe XT) and by radioactive xenon-133 single photon emission computed tomography (Xe SPECT) were compared in 16 patients with cerebral infarct. On the non-lesion side Xe SPECT recorded 10.7% higher rCBF values than Xe CT in the anterior cerebral artery territory, while Xe CT recorded 9.6% higher values than Xe SPECT in the middle cerebral artery territory. These differences were not statistically significant. Although the rCBF values were almost the same, no correlation was found between the two methods in the posterior cerebral artery territory and the basal ganglia. Only hemispheric CBF on the non-lesion side showed the same value and a good correlation between the Xe CT and the Xe SPECT. There was a good correlation in the hemispheric CBF values on the lesion side, too. The difference of rCBF between the non-lesion side and the lesion side was expressed smaller in the Xe SPECT than in the Xe CT. This is in agreement with the previous reports that Xe SPECT overestimates the flow in the low flow areas. The higher rCBF values in the anterior cerebral artery territory measured by the Xe SPECT was ascribed to the artifact from the radioactivities in the inhalation mask and the air passages as reported previously. In conclusion, there is no good correlation between the rCBF values measured by the Xe CT and by the Xe SPECT. Only hemispheric CBF shows a good correlation between the two methods.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Uptake and intracellular activity of NM394, a new quinolone, in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

The uptake of NM394, a new quinolone, by and its subsequent elution from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes were studied and compared with those of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. The kinetics of the uptake of NM394 was similar to that of ciprofloxacin. The maximum intracellular-to-extracellular concentration ratio was 12.3, compared with 8.6 for ciprofloxacin and 4.9 for ofloxacin at the extracellular concentration of 20 micrograms/ml. The elution of NM394 from human polymorphonuclear leukocytes occurs relatively slowly; 5 min after the removal of extracellular NM394, nearly 100% still remained in polymorphonuclear leukocytes, compared with ofloxacin, which was so rapidly eluted that only 12% remained. The uptake of NM394 was significantly decreased at 4 degrees C and by the presence of NaCN but was not affected by the presence of L-glycine, L-leucine, L-serine, adenosine, or NaF. NM394 showed intracellular activity at a concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml that significantly reduced the number of phagocytosed Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells with 2 h of incubation. These results suggest that uptake of NM394 by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes occurs via an active transport system differing from that of ofloxacin, whose uptake is affected by the presence of L-glycine and L-leucine, and that once accumulated, NM394 remains intracellularly active and participates in protection against bacterial infection.

Amino Acids↗

PubMed1996

DOCK180, a major CRK-binding protein, alters cell morphology upon translocation to the cell membrane.

CRK belongs to a family of adaptor proteins that consist mostly of SH2 and SH3 domains. Far Western blotting with CRK SH3 has demonstrated that it binds to 135- to 145-, 160-, and 180-kDa proteins. The 135- to 145-kDa protein is C3G, a CRK SH3-binding guanine nucleotide exchange protein. Here, we report on the molecular cloning of the 180-kDa protein, which is designated DOCK180 (180-kDa protein downstream of CRK). The isolated cDNA contains a 5,598-bp open reading frame encoding an 1,866-amino-acid protein. The deduced amino acid sequence did not reveal any significant homology to known proteins, except that an SH3 domain was identified at its amino terminus. To examine the function of DOCK180, a Ki-Ras farnesylation signal was fused to the carboxyl terminus of DOCK180, a strategy that has been employed successfully for activation of adaptor-binding proteins in vivo. Whereas wild-type DOCK180 accumulated diffusely in the cytoplasm and did not have any effect on cell morphology, farnesylated DOCK180 was localized on the cytoplasmic membrane and changed spindle 3T3 cells to flat, polygonal cells. These results suggest that DOCK180 is a new effector molecule which transduces signals from tyrosine kinases through the CRK adaptor protein.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed1996

Microvascular pressures in isolated perfused immature lamb lungs: effects of flow rate, left atrial pressure and surfactant therapy.

To determine the effect of some physical factors on microvascular pressures in immature lungs, we studied the lungs of 125-day gestation immature lambs (term 150 days). Lambs were delivered and ventilated for 30 min prior to isolation of the lungs. Nine had surfactant (Survanta, 100 mg/kg) instilled into the lungs prior to delivery, and 7 did not (control group). Lungs were kept distended with airway pressure at 20 cm H2O and perfused with autologous blood, using a steady flow pump. Papaverine was added to the blood to eliminate vasomotion. We measured pulmonary artery and arterial, double and venous occlusion pressures, with flow at 100, 200 and 260 ml.kg-1.min-1 and left atrial pressure (Pla) at 0, 10 and 15 mm Hg. We found that the vascular pressure profile was similar in control and surfactant-treated lungs under similar conditions of flow and Pla. Our data show that elevation of Pla results in significant increases in capillary (double occlusion) pressure; however, the preterm lung accommodates increases in flow with little change in capillary pressure. An increase in flow rate in the presence of elevated Pla had the greatest effect on capillary pressure. All lungs became hemorrhagic when capillary pressure exceeded 30 mm Hg. We speculate that in preterm infants, stress failure of pulmonary capillaries and hemorrhage will occur when there is marked elevation of capillary pressures resulting from increased blood flow in the presence of pulmonary venous construction or left ventricular dysfunction.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Use of serial semithin frozen sections to evaluate the co-localization of estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors in cells of breast cancer tissues.

The extent of co-expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) in breast cancer cells was examined immunocytochemically. Eight surgical cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma designated as ER-positive and PgR-positive (ER+/PgR+) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were used. They were fixed with 4% formaldehyde and cut into serial frozen semithin sections. Using sections stained with either anti-ER or anti-PgR antibody, we ascertained the co-localization of ER and PgR in a single cell and estimated the ratio of the number of cells co-expressing ER and PgR. Twenty-six to 95% of the cells were immunopositive for both ER and PgR, 2-25% of them, varying in cases, were positive for ER but not for PgR, and <3% of the cells were positive for PgR but not for ER. The remaining 5-60% cells were positive for neither ER nor PgR. A significant percentage of breast cancer cells in tissues designated as ER+/PgR+ by EIA showed the phenotype of ER-positive but PgR-negative. The co-expression ratio of ER and PgR in biochemically detected ER+/PgR+ breast cancer may reflect a particular clinical parameter, such as the heterogeneous responsiveness of ER+/PgR+ breast cancers to hormonal treatment. Immunostaining of serial semithin frozen sections for two or more different antigens is a useful method to assess the correlation of localization of antigens.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

Structure-antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity relationships of thiazolo and thiazetoquinolone derivatives.

In the course of our search for derivatives with potent antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity, we have studied the relationships among the structure, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of thiazoloquinolone and thiazetoquinolone derivatives (the term quinolone as used in this paper includes the quinolone, 1,8-naphthyridine and pyridopyrimidine nuclei). The antibacterial activities and cytotoxicity of these derivatives were compared with those of norfloxacin, ofloxacin, enoxacin and ciprofloxacin. The antibacterial activities of the thiazoloquinolone derivatives were more potent than those of the dihyrothiazoloquinolone derivatives, and comparable to that of ciprofloxacin. All of the thiazoloquinolone derivatives were highly cytotoxic against mammalian cells, but some of the dihyrothiazoloquinolone derivatives were less cytotoxic, being comparable in cytotoxicity to the reference drugs. The thiazetoquinolone derivatives were less cytotoxic than the thiazoloquinolone derivatives, and one of them, 6-fluoro-1-methyl-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-4H-[1,3]thiazeto[3,2-a] quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, showed the most potent antibacterial activity of all compounds tested in this study, as well as a very low cytotoxicity. The antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of this compound were similar to that of ciprofloxacin.

4-Quinolones↗

PubMed1996

The phylogeny of species of the genus Saccharomycopsis Schiönning (Saccharomycetaceae) based on the partial sequences of 18S and 26S ribosomal RNAs.

Eight strains of Saccharomycopsis species were examined for their partial base sequences of 18S and 26S rRNAs. The base sequences on the fingerprint segment showed three kinds of ACUAU, UCUAU, and AUAU. In the partial base sequences (positions 1451-1618, 168 bases) of 18S rRNA, all the strains of Saccharomycopsis species examined had 1-0 base difference except for the strains of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera (base differences, 5-4). In the partial base sequences on the positions 1611-1835 region (225 bases) of 26S rRNA, however, S'copsis vini had 15-11 base differences. The other species had 7-2 base differences. In the partial base sequences on the positions 493-622 region (130 bases) of 26S rRNA, the calculated percent similarities were 62-77. Discussion was made phylogenetically and taxonomically, especially on the separation of S'copsis fibuligera (identical to Endomyces fibuliger) from the genus Saccharomycopsis.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1996

Lung microvascular pressure profile in acute lung injury.

To clarify the role of microvessels in the development of pulmonary hypertension of acute lung injury, we induced lung edema by oleic acid (OA) in ten artificially perfused cat lungs and measured microvascular pressure. Pulmonary artery pressure (Ppa) and pressure of 30-50 microns arteriole (Parteriole) increased from 19.2 +/- 1.4 and 15.7 +/- 1.0 cmH2O before to 30.5 +/- 5.0 cmH2O and 22.7 +/- 2.4 cmH2O after edema, respectively. Pressure of 30-50 microns venule (Pvenule) and venous occlusion pressure (Pvo) did not change significantly after edema. Double occlusion pressure (Pdo) which represents pulmonary microvascular pressure increased from 14.5 +/- 0.6 to 17.7 +/- 2.0 cmH2O. Pressure gradient in the artery, i.e., between Ppa and Parteriole and in the microvessels, i.e., between Parteriole and Pvenule increased when lung became edematous. Pressure gradient in vein, i.e., between Pvenule to left atrium was not affected by edema. Pdo was in the midst of Parteriole and Pvenule in both edematous and non-edematous lung. In acute lung injury, increase of microvascular resistance was followed by an increase of arterial resistance and caused pulmonary hypertension.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1996

Modification of prolactin receptor (PRL-R) expression by PRL in the mouse liver: estimation of the ratio of two forms of PRL-R mRNAs by "one-sided competitive PCR".

We developed new means of measuring the ratio of the short to the long form (S/L ratio) of the mouse prolactin receptor (mPRL-R) cDNA by PCR using a primer common to the two forms and two specific primers. A means of estimating the amount of mPRL-R cDNA by competitive PCR was also established. We confirmed that these procedures were valid, since the S/L ratio of standard DNA was unaltered by one-sided cPCR amplification under the following conditions: the ratio was between 0.1 and 4, and the amount of cDNA was between 10(3) and 10(7) molecules/tube. The result of one-sided cPCR showed that the short form was dominant in the mouse liver, while the long form was dominant in other tissues. In addition, pituitary grafting increased the S/L ratio in the liver, implying that prolactin down-regulated the functional long form of PRL-R and lowered tissue sensitivity to prolactin itself by modifying the post-transcriptional regulation of PRL-R.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

13-cis retinoic acid inhibits growth of adult T cell leukemia cells and causes apoptosis; possible new indication for retinoid therapy.

We evaluated the effects of 13-cis retinoic acid (13-cis RA) on the growth of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from 12 patients with adult T cell leukemia (ATL). In general, 13-cis RA potently inhibited the growth of PBMC from ATL patients. However, the sensitivity of the cells to 13-cis RA-induced growth inhibition varied among the patients. The ATL patients fell into three groups (hypersensitive, sensitive and resistant to 13-cis RA) according to the percent reduction of 3H-thymidine incorporation before and after treatment with 13-cis RA. Agarose gel electrophoresis of total genomic DNA from a patient sensitive to 13-cis RA provided evidence of the DNA fragmentation indicative of apoptosis. The ability of 13-cis RA to induce apoptosis in PBMC from ATL patients suggests that retinoids may be useful in the treatment of ATL.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Crohn's disease associated with colo-bronchial fistula.

An 18-year-old female patient with Crohn's disease presented with left lower lobe pneumonia and pleural effusion which were resistant to treatment with antibiotics. Colo-bronchial fistula had not been recognized until she coughed up yellow sputa with feculent odor and developed acute respiratory distress syndrome. This type of fistula is a rare complication of Crohn's disease, but the present case certainly alerts physicians to search for a fistula between the bronchus and gastrointestinal tract when encountering patients with Crohn's disease accompanied by antibiotic-resistant chronic pneumonia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Solitary plasmacytoma of the skull vault--case report.

A 55-year-old female presented with a rare solitary plasmacytoma restricted to the skull vault without systemic myelomatosis. She had a 9-month history of a slowly growing soft mass in the right temporal region. Neuroradiological examination revealed a skull defect and an extradural tumor. The whole layer of the skull was destroyed by the tumor, but the dura was not involved. The tumor was totally removed, and postoperative radiotherapy was given. Follow-up examination after 2 years showed she was free from local recurrence or evidence of systemic involvement. Complete surgical resection with adjuvant radiation therapy is the treatment of choice. Although the prognosis is good, regular lifelong examinations for myelomatosis are required.

Carotid Artery, External↗

PubMed1996

Clinical significance of Ki-67 staining index in acoustic neurinoma.

The correlation between various clinical parameters and MIB-1 (Ki-67) staining indices was evaluated in 58 acoustic neurinomas. The index ranged from 0.37% to 6.61% (mean 1.70%), and did not correlate with age, sex, or initial tumor volume. Sixteen of the 18 tumors removed subtotally or partially showed regrowth, and two showed a volume reduction. The 16 patients with regrowth were divided into two groups according to Ki-67 staining index, < 2.00% and > or = 2.00%. These groups had a significant difference in tumor doubling time (TDT). In addition, there was a significant logarithmic correlation between Ki-67 staining index and TDT. Ki-67 staining index can be used as an index of regrowth rate in partially or subtotally removed acoustic neurinomas. Intraoperative assessment of Ki-67 staining index may be useful for better management planning as well as the estimation of prognosis.

Adolescent↗