[Evaluation of new therapeutic procedures in benign esophageal diseases].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Endoscopy↗
Biomedical subjects
M Matsuda
Publications and source records attributed to M Matsuda.
[A resected case of giant polypoid early cancer of the gallbladder (Ip type)].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
[Perioperative managements of the patients with cancer-pain receiving morphine].
In the patients receiving morphine preoperatively, it is preoperatively important to avoid withdrawal symptoms postoperatively and to suppress postoperative pain and to maintain an appropriate anesthetic depth during the operation. We experienced six patients who had been under preoperative pain control with oral and/or epidural morphine and undergone palliative operation for their cancer pain. Four of the patients were preoperatively administered with oral morphine ranging from 30 to 270 mg.day-1. One patient was given epidural morphine 10 mg.day-1. Another was with morphine 1800 mg.day-1 orally and 50 mg.day-1 epiduraly. In all cases, general anesthesia was maintained with inhalation anesthetics. Anesthetic supplementation and postoperative pain management were performed with continuous i.v. infusion of morphine (half dosage of daily oral dosage), or subcutaneous injection (one sixth dosage of daily oral morphine) while preoperative epidural morphine was continued throughout the perioperative period. We were able to manage these patients well and none of them developed withdrawal symptom or increased postoperative pain.
Administration, Oral↗
[Two cases of spontaneous hemopeumothorax].
We experienced two cases of spontaneous hemopeumothorax. One case was a 17-year-old male with a complaint of back pain. A chest tube for rapid pleural evacuation disclosed hemorrhage as much as 3,000 ml, with drainage volume being gradually decreased. He needed about two month's admission because of complication of pyothorax. The other case was a 46-year-old male with a complaint of chest pain. Chest X-P gave the diagnosis of right hemopeumothorax. Thirty minutes later, he became shock, and five hours later, we performed an emergency intervention of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Bleeding site of a funicular structure from the parietal pleura was stopped by clipping, with excellent postoperative results. Spontaneous hemopeumothorax is often indicated for early surgical intervention because of association with a high risk of hemorrhagic shock. In such a case, VATS is very helpful.
Adolescent↗
Induction of apoptosis by a marine microalgal polysaccharide in a human leukemic cell line.
An extracellular polysaccharide produced by a marine microalga Gymnodinium A3 OKU-1 strain showed a strong cytotoxicity for the human leukemia K-562 cells (CC50 = 11.6 µg/ml). We revealed that this polysaccharide induced apoptosis of K-562 cells, as shown by cell morphology, nuclear fragmentation, in situ end-labeling of fragmented DNA, and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, suggesting that the mechanism of cytotoxicity of this polymer was based on the induction of apoptosis.
Journal Article↗
Suplatast tosilate affects the initial increase in specific IgE and interleukin-4 during immunotherapy for perennial allergic rhinitis.
Suplatast tosilate can inhibit IL-4 production and suppress IgE synthesis in vitro. However, the theory that the agent causes changes in production of IL-4 and IgE in vivo has little experimental support. Immunotherapy could decrease the specific IgE response, but such a favourable effect is only possible with prolonged therapy after an initial increase in specific IgE. The use of suplatast tosilate together with immunotherapy may blunt the initial rise in specific IgE and decrease serum levels of specific IgE more quickly. Eighty-three adult patients with perennial allergic rhinitis due to Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) were treated for 6 months with one of 3 treatments. Seventeen patients were treated with oral administration of 300 mg/day suplatast tosilate alone. Forty-six patients were treated with immunotherapy using standardized D. farinae alone. Twenty patients were treated with immunotherapy together with concurrent oral administration of 300 mg/day suplatast tosilate. Serum samples were collected 3 times from each patient, at enrollment, at 3 months and at 6 months after enrollment. Oral administration of suplatast tosilate for 3 and 6 months significantly decreased serum levels of IL-4 and specific IgE, and the rate of decrease in specific IgE correlated significantly with the rate of decrease in IL-4. The rates of decrease in IL-4 and specific IgE at 3 and 6 months were significantly greater in the patients treated with suplatast tosilate and immunotherapy than in those treated with immunotherapy alone. In conclusion, suplatast tosilate is able significantly to decrease serum levels of IL-4 and specific IgE, and the use of the drug together with immunotherapy can blunt the initial increase in specific IgE during the first 6 months of immunotherapy.
Adult↗
Positron emission tomographic imaging of pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland.
We studied the possible correlation between 2-18F-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) uptake and histopathological findings in mass lesions of the parotid gland. Thirteen pleomorphic adenomas of the parotid gland were evaluated by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Gallium scintigraphy, Technetium scintigraphy and FDG-positron emission tomography (PET). Standardized uptake values (SUV) and time-activity curves (TAC) were determined for all mass lesions. Pleomorphic adenomas were histologically classified into the following three types: epithelial, intermediate and mesenchymal, based on their dominant histological components. The numbers of epithelial, intermediate, and mesenchymal types were 5, 2, and 6, respectively. The levels of SUVs were 4.02 +/- 1.91 (range: 1.97-7.07) in the epithelial type, 5.05 +/- 1.12 (range: 4.26-5.58) in the intermediate type and 3.98 +/- 7.74 (range: 1.98-7.74) in the mesenchymal type, respectively. The accumulation of FDG did not differ significantly among the three types. Since the accumulation of FDG was significantly correlated with the tumor size, FDG-PET could reflect tumor growth ability more apparently than the other nuclear or imaging modalities.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
Monitoring of response to radiotherapy with fluorine-18 deoxyglucose PET of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.
We examined the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18 deoxyglucose (FDG) in determining the therapeutic effects of irradiation and chemotherapy on head and neck malignant tumors. Twenty-two patients with head and neck lesions who underwent histological examinations were studied. Squamous cell carcinoma was histologically diagnosed in all cases. Sixteen of them underwent radiotherapy with approximately 40 Gy in combination with carboplatin therapy. The remaining 6 patients underwent radiotherapy alone. After these treatments, 11 underwent surgery. For PET study, each patient was injected with intravenous FDG 185-370 MBq. We evaluated the degree of FDG accumulation using scanned images taken 40-55 min after the injection. We measured the standardized uptake value (SUV), a semiquantative evaluation, ROI activity divided by the dosage per weight of each patient. FDG-PET, CT and MRI were performed twice for each patient, before and after treatment. FDG uptake, but not the tumor size in CT or MRI, was significantly reduced in each patient after the treatment. Therefore, our findings have clearly demonstrated that FDG-PET provides for more valuable therapeutic outcomes than conventional imaging such as CT and MRI. FDG-PET should thus provide a new dimension in the management of head and neck malignant tumors.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin utilizes two structurally related membrane proteins as functional receptors in vivo.
Human and mouse cDNAs showing homology to the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) receptor gene (CPE-R) from Vero cells (DDBJ/EMBL/GenBankTM accession no. D88492) (Katahira, J., Inoue, N., Horiguchi, Y., Matsuda, M., and Sugimoto, N. (1997) J. Cell Biol. 136, 1239-1247) were cloned. They were classified into two groups, the Vero cell CPE receptor homologues and rat androgen withdrawal apoptosis protein (RVP1; accession no. M74067) homologues, based on the similarities of primary amino acid sequences. L929 cells that were originally insensitive to CPE became sensitive to CPE on their transfection with cDNAs encoding either the CPE receptor or RVP1 homologues, indicating that these gene products are not only structurally similar but also functionally active as receptors for CPE. By binding assay, the human RVP1 homologue showed differences in affinity and capacity of binding from those of the human CPE receptor. Northern blot analysis showed that mouse homologues of the CPE receptor and RVP1 are expressed abundantly in mouse small intestine. The expression of CPE-R mRNA in the small intestine was restricted to cryptic enterocytes, indicating that the CPE receptor is expressed in intestinal epithelial cells. These results are consistent with reports that CPE binds to the small intestinal cells via two different kinds of receptors. High levels of expression of CPE-R and/or RVP1 mRNA were also detected in other organs, including the lungs, liver, and kidneys, but only low levels were expressed in heart and skeletal muscles. These results indicate that CPE uses structurally related cellular proteins as functional receptors in vivo and that organs that have not so far been recognized as CPE-sensitive have the potential to be targets of CPE.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Bordetella bronchiseptica dermonecrotizing toxin induces reorganization of actin stress fibers through deamidation of Gln-63 of the GTP-binding protein Rho.
Bordetella dermonecrotizing toxin causes assembly of actin stress fibers and focal adhesions in some cultured cells and induces mobility shifts of the small GTP-binding protein Rho on electrophoresis. We attempted to clarify the molecular basis of the toxin action on Rho. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of toxin-treated RhoA revealed the deamidation of Gln-63 to Glu. The substitution of Glu for Gln-63 of RhoA by site-directed mutagenesis caused a mobility shift on electrophoresis, which was indistinguishable from that of the toxin-treated RhoA. Neither mutant RhoA-bearing Glu-63 nor toxin-treated RhoA significantly differed from untreated wild type RhoA in guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate binding activity but both showed a 10-fold reduction in GTP hydrolysis activity relative to untreated RhoA. C3H10T1/2 cells transfected with cDNA of the mutant RhoA bearing Glu-63 showed extensive formation of actin stress fibers similar to the toxin-treated cells. These results indicate that the toxin catalyzes deamidation of Gln-63 of Rho and renders it constitutively active, leading to formation of actin stress fibers.
Actins↗
Enhancement of guanine-nucleotide exchange activity of C3G for Rap1 by the expression of Crk, CrkL, and Grb2.
Crk is an adaptor protein that consists almost entirely of SH2 and SH3 domains. We have previously demonstrated, by using in vivo and in vitro systems, that C3G, which was identified as a Crk SH3 domain-binding guanine nucleotide exchange factor, specifically activates Rap1. C3G also binds to other adaptor proteins, including CrkL and Grb2. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of Crk, CrkL, and Grb2 on the C3G-Rap1 pathway. Expression of Crk, CrkL, and Grb2 with C3G in Cos1 cells significantly increased the ratio of GTP/GDP bound to Rap1. Both the SH2 and SH3 domains of Crk were required for this activity. However, Crk did not stimulate the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of C3G for Rap1 in vitro, suggesting that Crk does not activate C3G by an allosteric mechanism. The requirement of the SH2 domain of Crk for the enhancement of guanine nucleotide exchange activity for Rap1 could be compensated for by the addition of a farnesylation signal to Crk, indicating that Crk enhanced the guanine nucleotide exchange activity of C3G by membrane recruitment of C3G. These results demonstrate that Crk, CrkL, and Grb2 positively modulate the C3G-Rap1 pathway primarily by recruiting C3G to the cell membrane.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing↗
[Case of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
Activation of R-Ras by Ras-guanine nucleotide-releasing factor.
Ras-GRF/CDC25(Mm), mSos, and C3G have been identified as guanine nucleotide-releasing factors for Ras family proteins. We investigated in this study the guanine nucleotide-releasing activities of Ras-GRF, mSos, and C3G toward R-Ras, which shows high sequence similarity to Ras. Ras-GRF markedly stimulated the dissociation of GDP from R-Ras, and C3G also promoted the release of R-Ras-bound GDP. Under the same conditions, mSos little affected the reaction. When Ras-GRF and R-Ras were coexpressed in COS7 cells, the remarkable accumulation of the active GTP-bound form of R-Ras was observed. C3G also increased active R-Ras in COS7 cells, while mSos did not give any effect. These results indicated that Ras-GRF and C3G could activate R-Ras. Furthermore, the activation of R-Ras by Ras-GRF was enhanced when cells were treated with ionomycin, which is known to increase the intracellular calcium concentration. The examination of tissue distribution of R-Ras, Ras-GRF, and mSos by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that Ras-GRF was expressed only in brain and testis, whereas R-Ras, C3G, and mSos were expressed rather ubiquitously. These findings raise the possibility that R-Ras is activated by Ras-GRF in brain and testis, and by C3G in other tissues, respectively.
Animals↗
Bacillus thermoamyloliquefaciens KP1071 alpha-glucosidase II is a thermostable M(r) 540,000 homohexameric alpha-glucosidase with both exo-alpha-1,4-glucosidase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase activities.
alpha-Glucosidase II of the facultative thermophile Bacillus thermoamyloliquefaciens KP1071 (FERM-P8477; growth over 30-66 degrees C) was purified to a homogeneous state. Its M(r) was estimated as 90000 by SDS/PAGE. However, the enzyme behaved as an active Mr 540000 protein on gel filtration with each of two gels of different matrices as well as on gel electrophoresis under native conditions. The enzyme was not glycosylated. Its isoelectric point was estimated as 5.7. The N-terminal sequence of 20 residues was determined asAla1-Ile-Gln-Pro-Glu-Gln-Asp-Asp-Lys-Thr-Gln-Glu-Asp-Gly- Tyr-Ile-Asp-Ile-Gly-Asn20. The sequence did not resemble those of procaryotic and eucaryotic proteins hitherto reported including the monomeric exo-alpha-1,4-glucosidase and the monomeric oligo-1,6-glucosidase from the same microorganism. The alpha-glucosidase II had no antigenic group shared with the latter two enzymes. Analysis of substrate specificity showed that the alpha-glucosidase II has dual activity towards oligo-1,6-glucosidases and exo-alpha-1,4-glucosidases, but its preference is for non-reducing terminal alpha-1,4 glucosidic bonds in substrates. Kinetic studies proved that both activities are attributed to the same catalytic site. The enzyme was most active at 81 degrees C and pH 7.0. Its half-life at pH 6.8 was 10 min at 81 degrees C, and 5 h at 55 degrees C in 6.4 M urea, 26% ethanol or 2.5% SDS. We suggest that the alpha-glucosidase II is a thermostable, homohexameric enzyme of origin distinct from the exo-alpha-1,4-glucosidase and the oligo-1,6-glucosidase present in the same strain.
Amino Acids↗
Fibroblasts spread on immobilized fibrin monomer by mobilizing a beta1-class integrin, together with a vitronectin receptor alphavbeta3 on their surface.
Human and murine fibroblasts were found to spread far more avidly on fibrin monomer monolayers than on immobilized fibrinogen, indicating that removal of fibrinopeptides by thrombin is a prerequisite for the fibrin-mediated augmentation of cell spreading. In fact, cell spreading was not efficiently augmented on monolayers of a thrombin-treated dysfibrinogen lacking the release of fibrinopeptide A due to an Aalpha Arg-16 --> Cys substitution. Since a synthetic Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-containing peptide inhibited the fibrin-mediated cell spreading, subsequent dissociation of the carboxyl-terminal globular domain of the Aalpha-chains appears to render the RGD segments accessible to the cell-surface integrins. In support of this, fibrin-augmented cell spreading was inhibited by an antibody recognizing a 12-kDa peptide segment with gamma Met-89 at its amino terminus, which is located in close association with the RGD segment at Aalpha 95-97 in the helical coiled-coil interdomainal connector. The fibrin-mediated augmentation of cell spreading was inhibited not only by an antibody against human vitronectin receptor (LM 609) but also by an antibody against the beta1 subunit of integrin (mAb13), suggesting that the beta1-class integrin together with a vitronectin receptor, alphavbeta3, is mobilized onto the surface of fibroblasts upon contact with the fibrin monomer monolayer.
Animals↗
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of the receptor for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.
A cDNA encoding the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin receptor gene (CPE-R) was cloned from an expression library of enterotoxin-sensitive Vero cells. The nucleotide sequence of CPE-R showed that the enterotoxin receptor consists of 209 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 22,029 D. This receptor is highly hydrophobic, contains four putative transmembrane segments, and has significant similarity to the rat androgen withdrawal apoptosis protein RVP1 and the mouse oligodendrocyte specific protein, the functions of which are unknown. The expression of CPE-R was detected in the enterotoxin-sensitive Vero, Hep3B, and Intestine 407 cell lines, but not in the enterotoxin-insensitive K562 and JY cell lines. The CPE-R gene product expressed in enterotoxin-resistant L929 cells bound to enterotoxin specifically and directly and with high affinity and rendered the cells sensitive to the toxin, indicating that the cloned receptor is functional. Results showed that enterotoxin could not assemble into a complex with a defined structure unless it interacted with the receptor. From these results, it is proposed that the enterotoxin receptor is required for both target cell recognition and pore formation in the cell membrane.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Swine influenza virus strains recognize sialylsugar chains containing the molecular species of sialic acid predominantly present in the swine tracheal epithelium.
We determined the ratio of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) to N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) in swine respiratory epithelia by fluorometric high-performance liquid chromatography, and examined the binding specificity of swine influenza virus strains for gangliosides containing different molecular species of sialic acid (Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc), and for bovine erythrocyte sialoglycoprotein 2 (GP-2) containing Neu5Gc as its predominate sialic acid (96% of total sialic acids). The presence of Neu5Gc, which had not been detected in human tracheal epithelia, and Neu5Ac in swine tracheal epithelia was observed in a 1:1 ratio. The swine influenza virus H1 and H3 isolates tested, except for A/swine/Iowa/15/30 (H1N1), displayed a marked binding ability for sialylsugar chains containing Neu5Gc compared with that of the human influenza virus strains. These results suggest that swine influenza viruses recognize sialylsugar chains containing the molecular species of sialic acid present predominantly in the swine tracheal epithelium.
Animals↗
Monocytes modulate the fibrinolytic balance of endothelial cells.
Cultured endothelial cells (ECs) produced a constitutive plasminogen activator inhibitor-I (PAI-1), whereas primary culture of monocytes from blood did not produce a detectable amount of PAI-1. Addition of monocytes to ECs caused the accumulation of a large amount of PAI-1 in the supernatant in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Having almost no effect on the production of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), monocytes decreased the potential fibrinolytic activity of ECs. The 6 hours conditioned medium obtained from the coculture system between monocytes and either ECs or paraformaldehyde-fixed ECs had almost the same effect on the other ECs to produce PAI-1 and t-PA as monocytes that were direct contact with ECs. In addition, this effect was specifically inhibited by using two antibodies against interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. These results indicate that interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced by the coculture are mostly responsible for decreasing the fibrinolytic activity of ECs.
Cells, Cultured↗