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Biomedical subjects

M Matsubara

Publications and source records attributed to M Matsubara.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Plasma transferrin levels in abnormal endocrine states. II. The changes in various endocrine states.

The clinical significance of the measurement of plasma transferrin (Tf) in patients with hypophysial disorders was reported in our previous paper. In the present study, we determined plasma Tf levels in 55 patients with various endocrine states and considered their clinical significance compared with plasma somatomedin-C (SM-C) levels. Plasma Tf levels decreased significantly in patients with anorexia nervosa (P less than 0.02), hyperthyroidism (P less than 0.05), primary hypothyroidism (P less than 0.05), and Cushing's syndrome (P less than 0.05), while they were elevated significantly in pregnancy (P less than 0.01) or females using estrogens (P less than 0.05). The former two declines were considered a reflection of the malnutritional state since a significant negative correlation was observed between plasma Tf levels and the percentile deficit from the ideal body weight in patients with anorexia nervosa (P less than 0.01), or between plasma Tf and elevated T3 levels which induce hypermetabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism (P less than 0.01). A significant correlation was observed between the SM-C and Tf levels in these subjects (including normal controls and patients with hypophysial disorders) as a whole (r = 0.79, P less than 0.001). These data indicate that plasma Tf is changeable according to the endocrine and nutritional conditions with good correlation to the SM-C, and it is suggested that Tf also operates as a growth factor in vivo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Penetrating keratoplasty in the rat: a model for the study of immunosuppressive treatment of graft rejection.

The present study reports corneal allogeneic transplantation in a rat model. The technique used was full-thickness penetrating keratoplasty. Fisher rats were used as donors and Lewis rats were used as recipients. The rate of acute rejection obtained in this model with this combination of strains was 100%. It therefore seems to be a very useful model for the study of rejection and for the study of new immunosuppressive treatment. The effect of systemic cyclosporine (CsA) treatment on graft rejection was assessed using this model. Rejection was prevented by CsA as long as treatment was given but occurred in most grafts within 10 days of treatment cessation. Thus, tolerance could not be induced with CsA which, however, significantly reduced graft neovascularization.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A comparative study between amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with and without mechanical ventilation].

Fifty-three patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were examined as to duration of illness, cause of death and need for respirator assistance. In 47 patients with ALS, respiratory failure is the most common cause of death accounting for 62% of all fatalities. Eleven patients with mechanical ventilation died of pneumonia and respiratory failure in four cases, atelectasis, gastrointestinal bleeding and asphyxia in one. Thirteen of 53 patients with ALS required mechanical ventilation. Six cases were put on a volume-limited respiratory or a pressure-limited respirator with O2 blender, and seven cases were put on a pressure-limited respirator only, which was unable to control oxygen concentration. As to the duration of their illness, patients with mechanical ventilation survived significantly longer than those without mechanical ventilation, so patients using a respirator could expect to live significantly longer than those without one. Patients using a volume limited respirator or a pressure-limited respirator with O2 blender had significantly longer duration of mechanical ventilation than those using a pressure-limited respirator only. It is concluded that a volume-limited respirator or a pressure-limited respirator with O2 blender is useful, if mechanical ventilation is needed, for ALS patients presenting with respiratory failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Three elderly cases of endocapillary glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome].

Three patients aged over 60 with endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome were reported. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopical findings were similar in all of them: granular deposits of IgG and C 3 along the capillary loops, electron dense deposits in the subendothelial area, and partial mesangial interposition. The levels of CH 50 were slightly suppressed in two of them, but neither preceding infection nor elevation in ASLO were noticed. None of then responded to steroid therapy. One patient fell in renal failure in spite of intensive steroid therapy, and died of bronchopneumonia. In another patient, proteinuria was remitted with systemic treatment against high blood pressure. The remaining patient took a favorable course during the admission without any special treatment, but proteinuria recurred after the discharge. These clinical manifestations and clinical courses were not compatible with the diagnoses of acute glomerulonephritis, mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, or vasculitis. We concluded that the endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis in adults over 60 years might be different form of glomerulonephritis from that of AGM, MPGN, and vasculitis, in which diffuse endocapillary proliferative changes in the glomeruli are seen in younger people.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1989

Effect of camostat mesilate on heavy proteinuria in various nephropathies.

Camostat mesilate, a developed derivative of gabexate mesilate for oral use, was administered in a daily dose of 600 mg for 4 weeks to 17 patients with heavy proteinuria due to various nephropathies. Five patients had glomerulonephritis (3 patients with IgA nephropathy, one each with membranoproliferative GN and membranous nephropathy) and 3 had systemic vasculitis. These patients had been treated with glucocorticoid, cyclophosphamide, anticoagulants, and dipyridamole. Five patients had diabetic nephropathy and had been treated with conventional therapy including angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. Two cases with benign nephrosclerosis, one with Alport syndrome, and the rest with end-stage renal failure of undetermined cause were also included in this study. Urinary protein decreased promptly within 2 weeks (from 5.2 +/- 0.7 to 3.5 +/- 0.5, mean +/- SE, p less than 0.005), and serum total protein and albumin levels increased significantly. Serum creatinine levels did not change. Decreases in urinary protein excretion of more than 50% were observed in five out of eight patients with glomerulonephritis or systemic vasculitis, two out of five with diabetic nephropathy, and one with chronic renal failure. However, urinary protein excretion values remained at the same level in two patients with benign nephrosclerosis and a patient with Alport syndrome. We suggest that camostat mesilate caused a change in glomerular capillary permeability for macromolecules through its inhibitory effects on the kallikrein-kinin system, complement system, coagulation system, and platelet function, which contributed to the treatment of the various nephropathies.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of prostatic cancer].

Eighty patients with prostatic cancer, who first visited Kyorin University School of Medicine from January 1976 through December 1986, were analyzed. Incidence of prostatic cancer was 3.9% among male inpatients. Age distribution was between 55 and 88, with an average of 72 years old. The most common symptoms were dysuria followed by pollakisuria, hematuria, lumbago and lower extremity pain. Duration from onset of symptom to examination ranged from 6 to 84 months, with an average of 22 months. Clinical stage was A in 7.5%, B in 10%, C in 11.3% and D in 71.3%. According to histological grade, well, moderately, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas were observed in 29.9, 29.9 and 40.2%, respectively. According to the General Rules for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Prostatic Cancer, clinical T classification were T0 in 8.7%, T1 in 3.8%, T2 in 47.5%, T3 in 27.5% and T4 in 12.5%. In the correlation between stage and grade, the largest number of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma cases was in stage D. There was no correlation between stage and T classification. Of the 80 patients, 71.25% were treated with antiandrogen therapy, 16.25% with radiation therapy chiefly, 7.5% by surgery chiefly, and 5% with chemotherapy. Survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Overall survival rate of the 80 patients was 54.4% at 5 years. Survival rate by stage were 100% in stage A at 4 years, and 100% in B, 87.5% in C and 40.5% in D at 5 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Effect of dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate balance on mean survival time, incidence of stroke and blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Following the suckling period, stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR-SP) were fed semi-purified diets supplemented either with safflower seed oil (rich in linoleic acid) or with perilla seed oil (rich in alpha-linolenic acid). The mean survival time of male SHR-SP fed the perilla diet was longer than that fed the safflower diet by 17% (p less than 0.001) while the difference was 15% in female SHR-SP (p less than 0.05). The mean survival times of female SHR-SP were more than 40% longer than those of male SHR-SP in both dietary groups. Post-mortem examinations of brains revealed apoplexy-related symptoms as the major cause of the death in both dietary groups. The systolic blood pressure was lower by ca. 10% (21 mmHg) in the perilla group than in both the safflower group and conventional diet group. The eicosapentaenoate (20:5 n-3)/arachidonate (20:4 n-6) ratio of platelet phospholipids in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a measure of platelet aggregability, was much higher in the perilla group than in the safflower group. Thus, increasing the dietary alpha-linolenate/linoleate ratio resulted in an increased mean survival time of SHR-SP rats, possibly by lowering blood pressure and platelet aggregability.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Plasma transferrin levels in abnormal endocrine states. I. The changes in hypophysial diseases before and after treatment.

The concentrations of plasma transferrin (Tf), which has been described possessing growth promoting activity in vitro, were determined in patients with hypophysial diseases before and after treatment. Plasma Tf levels in 74 healthy subjects were 269 +/- 3 (mean +/- SE) mg/dl. In 11 patients with active acromegaly, they were elevated to 353 +/- 11 mg/dl (P less than 0.001), while they were reduced to 168 +/- 14 mg/dl in 8 patients with hypopituitarism (P less than 0.001). They were normalized after appropriate treatment. These data indicate that plasma Tf varies according to endocrine status in relation to that of plasma somatomedin-C, and therefore its measurement may be useful clinically for the evaluation of the status of growth factors. However, the values should be assessed carefully in cases with proper Tf abnormalities, such as hematological, hepatic or renal disorders.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1988

Immunoreactive LHRH in cerebrospinal fluid: the clinical significance in intracranial diseases.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) were measured by RIA in 46 patients with acute intracranial diseases, ie, cerebral bleeding (group A), cerebral thrombosis (B), head injury (C) and meningitis (D), and the results were compared to those obtained in 21 patients with non-intracranial diseases (group E; control). Immunoreactive LHRH concentrations in CSF (CSF IR-LHRH) of 8 postmenopausal women in group E ranged 1.3 to 6.1 (mean +/- SE: 3.1 +/- 0.6) pg/ml, and those of 5 other women and 8 men with group E ranged 1.0 to 5.6 (3.6 +/- 0.4)pg/ml. In 7 out of 15 patients in group A(7/15), CSF IR-LHRH were above the levels seen in group E. In group B, C and D, CSF IR-LHRH were above the control levels in 9/15, 1/9, 3/7, respectively. The changes in plasma LHRH were not clear in postmenopausal patients in groups A and B. Plasma IR-LHRH in other women and men in group A were above the control levels in 2 out of 9 patients (2/9). Those in groups B, C and D were above the control levels in 3/8, 1/9, 2/7, respectively. Moreover, both plasma and CSF IR-LHRH of 13 patients in group A or B in chronic stage were within the control ranges. In cases observed following the time course, the occasionally increased IR-LHRH in plasma and CSF tended to decrease following the abatement of the diseases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗