[Myocardial protection during cardiac surgery; cardioplegia].
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Calcium↗
Biomedical subjects
M Masuda
Publications and source records attributed to M Masuda.
[A case of lung metastases of bladder cancer in which thoracotomy was performed following M-VAC therapy].
A case of lung metastases of bladder cancer in which thoracotomy was performed following M-VAC is presented. A fifty-nine-year-old man underwent radical cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion for bladder cancer. Pathological diagnosis was TCC greater than AC much greater than SCC. After nine months, he was admitted because of lung metastases. Three courses of M-VAC therapy brought partial remission. A thoracotomy was performed on residual lung metastasis. Pathological diagnosis was AC much greater than TCC greater than SCC. Because M-VAC therapy has limited antitumor activity against mixed histological bladder cancer, we recommend not only M-VAC therapy but also surgical resection for the metastatic tumor the primary site of which has nontransitional components.
Adenocarcinoma↗
A new method of retrograde cardioplegic administration. Right ventricular protection by right atrial perfusion cooling.
Retrograde administration of cardioplegic solution via the right atrium with continuous cooling of the right ventricular cavity (right atrial perfusion cooling) was assessed for its protective effect in 12 dogs with occlusion of the right coronary artery subjected to global ischemia for 60 minutes. After an initial administration of 4 degrees C crystalloid cardioplegic solution by antegrade aortic perfusion, myocardial protection was established either by right atrial perfusion cooling (group I; n = 6) or by antegrade aortic perfusion alone (group II; n = 6). The right ventricular temperature was approximately 15 degrees C in group I and 20 degrees C in group II. After ischemia for 60 minutes, the adenosine triphosphate content of the right ventricular free wall was significantly higher in group I than in group II (24.4 +/- 1.45 versus 13.8 +/- 2.34 mumol/gm dry weight, p less than 0.05). The percent recovery of right ventricular contractility, which was evaluated by end-systolic pressure-volume relationships, was significantly better in group I at each reperfusion period (30 minutes: 130.0% +/- 9.6% versus 86.1% +/- 11.8%, p less than 0.05; 60 minutes: 159.6% +/- 12.9% versus 96.5% +/- 20.1%, p less than 0.05). Postischemic right ventricular stiffness (reciprocal value of compliance) increased in group II compared with group I, although the difference was not statistically significant. There were no major differences in percent recovery of the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationships between the two groups. The evidence suggests that the right atrial perfusion cooling method produces excellent right ventricular protection.
Animals↗
[Open aortic technique for DeBakey type II dissection].
Two patients with chronic dissecting aneurysm (DeBakey type II) underwent graft replacement using open aortic technique. During proximal anastomosis, the body temperature of the patients was lowered to 23 degrees C and open distal anastomosis was performed under circulatory arrest of the lower body using selective perfusion to the brain. Graft-to-aorta anastomosis was performed in distal ascending aorta (case 1) and in aortic arch (case 2), after the approximation of inner and outer layer of the false lumen. Two patients survived operations, and the postoperative courses and postoperative angiograms were satisfactory. Open aortic technique was considered to be applied not only to patients with arch aneurysm or arch dissection but also to patients with DeBakey type II or type I dissection.
Aged↗
Effects of interleukin-7 on proliferation of hematopoietic malignant cells.
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Burkitt Lymphoma↗
Accumulation of 125I-factor XI in atheroma of rabbit with hereditary hyperlipidemia (WHHL-rabbit).
We have studied the turnover and accumulation of rabbit factor XI (F.XI) in atherosclerotic lesion in Watanabe-hereditable hyperlipidemic rabbit (WHHL rabbit) to reveal the participation of blood coagulation in atherosclerotic lesion. Rabbit F.XI was iodinated and administered intravenously to WHHL rabbits and Japanese white rabbits. The turnover of 125I-rabbit F.XI was significantly faster in WHHL rabbits (T1/2 = 2.84 +/- 0.44 days) than in normal rabbits (T1/2 = 4.44 +/- 0.42 days). The thoracic aorta of WHHL rabbit was strongly labelled with 125I-rabbit F.XI, in sections obtained after 5 days by en-face autoradiography, whereas no radioactivity was detected in normal aorta. By an immunohistochemical study of WHHL rabbit aorta, we confirmed that many F.XI- and fibrin-related compounds existed in the atheroma, whereas albumin did not in these area. These results suggest that the activation of F.XI proceeds on the atherosclerotic lesions of WHHL rabbits.
Animals↗
New rapid assay for factor XIa-alpha 1 antitrypsin complex--application to DIC.
We developed a new rapid assay for the factor XIa-alpha 1 antitrypsin in complex (F.XIa-alpha 1 AT) in plasma with the use of a newly produced anti-F.XI monoclonal antibody (KMXI-1). This assay was completed within about 5 hours, and the minimum assay range extended sensitivity about 5-fold over the former assay (Thromb. Res. 44, 489-501, 1986). In 20-fold diluted plasma samples, this assay was not affected by co-existing F.XI or nonspecific color development of the plasma. Normal levels of F.XIa-alpha 1 AT (11 +/- 4.1 ng/ml plasma [n = 96]) increased with the aging of healthy adults. The F.XIa-alpha 1 AT levels of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rose along with the progression of the disease, and the appearance of high levels and the peak of F.XIa-alpha 1 AT developed faster than FDP-E or alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor-plasmin-complex in most patients. These results indicate that, in addition to FDP, F.XIa-alpha 1 AT is a useful molecular marker for DIC.
Adult↗
The effect of specific mutations at and around the gag-pol gene junction of Moloney murine leukaemia virus.
By carrying out oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, in vitro, on a 3.3 kb XhoI-HindIII fragment from Moloney murine leukaemia virus Mo-MuLV proviral DNA, inserted into the phagemid pTZ19R, nine separate fragments have been prepared in which mutations have been inserted at and around the gag-pol gene junction. Using these mutant fragments Mo-MuLV proviral DNA has been reassembled and cloned into pBR322. Examination of the mutant proviral DNAs in mouse culture cells indicates that a terminator codon at the gag-pol junction is essential for function, but any of the three chain terminator codons gives an active virus. Also the region of secondary structure surrounding the terminator codon must be preserved.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Change of membrane fluidity of rat neutrophils accompanying Escherichia coli inoculation.
Membrane fluidity of rat neutrophils was studied following Escherichia coli inoculation, and characteristic changes were observed. Membrane fluidity was assessed by the excimer-forming lipid technique using pyrenedecanoic acid and flow cytometry and expressed as the fluorescence intensity ratios of excimer and monomer pyrenedecanoic acid (IE/IM ratio). High IE/IM ratios indicated high membrane fluidity. The IE/IM ratio of rat neutrophils (0.50 +/- 0.048) increased after E. coli inoculation, reaching a maximum of almost 1.00 after 10-20 min and then returning to its starting value. Intravenous injection of heat-killed E. coli or E. coli-conditioned culture supernatants into rats induced a rapid increase of IE/IM ratios, which returned to initial levels after 20 min. The effect on membrane fluidity of in vitro neutrophil incubation with E. coli, heat-killed E. coli, or E. coli-conditioned culture supernatants was similar to that observed in vivo. Addition of 5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) did not affect neutrophil membrane fluidity. Addition of either 5 micrograms/ml cytochalasin B or 10(-5) M colchicine did not directly affect neutrophil membrane fluidity but did block the change observed following incubation with bacteria.
Actin Cytoskeleton↗
Effect of recombinant interferons on hairy cell leukemia progenitors.
The effects of recombinant interferons (rIFNs) on colony formation by progenitor cells from the peripheral blood of patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) were examined. Results showed that both rIFN-alpha and -beta inhibited HCL colony formation in a dose-dependent manner, with the inhibitory effect of rIFN-alpha being similar in degree with that of rIFN-beta. The inhibitory effect of rIFN-gamma, however, was not uniform; of four patients, inhibition was observed in cells from two patients, but no effect was found in the cells of the other two. These results indicate that rIFN-alpha and -beta could be effective in the treatment of HCL, whereas rIFN-gamma may be of limited efficacy.
Blast Crisis↗
Spontaneous injuries in the aortic endothelium of the inherited cataract rats and their prevention by tocopherol. A study by scanning electron microscopy.
The aortic endothelium of inherited cataract rats (ICR), which spontaneously develop cataracts and neutrophilia, was examined by scanning electron microscopy using silver nitrate staining and pressure fixation. In ICR aged 4 weeks, the luminal surface of the aorta was similar to that in Wistar rats from which they had been derived. However, 8 weeks after birth, endothelial cells were upraised and partially detached from an underlying tissue. At 16 weeks, morphological changes exhibited by such detaching cells were more evident than at 8 weeks and fibrin was seen to be adhering to the surface of these cells; no platelet involvement was noted, however. Oral administration of DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate for 2 weeks resulted in a reduction in the extent of endothelial injury and the luminal surface of the aorta became similar to that seen in 4- or 8-week-old animals. We found that the number of age-associated spontaneous injuries occurring in the aortic endothelium of ICR could be reduced by tocopherol administration.
Aging↗
Regulation of serum glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferase activities: inhibition by sulfated glycosaminoglycans and activation by polyamines and basic peptides including a polylysine-containing segment of the c-Ki-ras 2 protein.
The regulatory mechanisms for the glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferases in fetal calf serum were investigated. The enzymes examined were those which transfer sulfate from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to 1) position 6 of the internal N-acetylgalactosamine units of chondroitin, 2) position 6 of galactose units of keratan sulfate, and 3) position 2 (an amino group) of glucosamine units of heparan sulfate. The former two enzymes were activated by spermidine, spermine, protamine, and poly L-lysine. All the enzymes were strongly inhibited by heparin and dextran sulfate, whereas only the chondroitin 6-O-sulfotransferase was inhibited by sulfated galactosaminoglycans. The inhibition of this enzyme by the sulfated glycosaminoglycans was abolished by polylysine, indicating that the activation by polylysine is partly due to the neutralization of endogenous acidic inhibitors, including sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Affinity chromatographic studies demonstrated that heparin specifically binds to the three enzymes, which have anionic isoelectric points, and that chondroitin 6-sulfate, spermine, and polylysine bind to the former two enzymes under physiological conditions. Thus, the activation by spermine and polylysine as well as the inhibition by sulfated glycosaminoglycans also appears to occur through their binding to the enzymes. Studies with synthetic lysine oligomers and an affinity-purified (approximately 700-fold) fraction containing the former two enzymes indicated that the pentamer is the minimum unit required for the activation. A synthetic peptide, containing six consecutive lysines at the carboxy terminus of the human c-Ki-ras 2 protein, also regulated the two enzyme activities at micromolar concentrations. The possible physiological implications of the observed effects of these regulatory substances on the glycosaminoglycan sulfotransferases are discussed in relation to glycosaminoglycan synthesis during the proliferation, differentiation, and transformation of cells. The possibility of sulfated glycosaminoglycans being enzyme regulators is also discussed.
Animals↗
Deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization studies of Exophiala dermatitidis and Exophiala jeanselmei.
Exophiala dermatitidis and Exophiala jeanselmei share similar morphological features and have been confused with each other. To clarify the relationship between the two fungi, we conducted a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-DNA hybridization study using a dot blot method. Between E. dermatitidis and E. jeanselmei, only a very low level of DNA relatedness was seen and it was confirmed that these two fungi are distinct species based on DNA similarity. Close correspondence of DNA from the isolates of E. dermatitidis was obtained, whereas the isolates of E. jeanselmei were divided into 6 groups according to their DNA similarity and a possibility was shown that E. jeanselmei is composed of genetically heterogeneous groups. The subdivision of the species E. jeanselmei by the DNA-DNA hybridization method was in agreement with serotyping exoantigens. This result suggests that DNA-DNA hybridization studies provide an excellent tool for the identification and grouping of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi.
DNA, Fungal↗
[A comparative study between cefodizime (CDZM) and cefotaxime (CTX) in respiratory tract infections].
The clinical efficacy and safety of Cefodizime (CDZM), a new cephem antibiotic, was objectively compared with that of Cefotaxime (CTX) in patients with respiratory infections under a well-controlled comparative study. Patients were administered CDZM or CTX by drip infusion b.i.d. for 14 days in principle at a daily dose of two grams. The parameters assessed were clinical efficacy, safety and clinical usefulness. The following results were obtained: 1. On the basis of committee judgement the clinical efficacy rate was 78.1% (125/160) for the CDZM group, 82.7% (124/150) for the CTX group, and no significant difference was observed between the two drug groups. On the other hand, on the basis of judgement by physicians in charge, the clinical efficacy rate was 83.1% (133/160) for the CDZM group, 83.9% (125/149) for the CTX group, and no significant difference was observed between the two groups. 2. The corresponding figures for patients with pneumonia and pulmonary suppuration were 82.4% (70/85) for the CDZM group, 79.7% (59/74) for the CTX group and no significant difference was observed according to the committee judgement. The judgement by physicians in charge also revealed 83.5% (71/85) for the CDZM group and 82.2% (60/73) for the CTX group. No significant difference was noted between the two groups. While, the committee judgement for the clinical efficacy in patients with chronic respiratory tract infections showed 73.3% (55/75) for the CDZM group, 85.5% (65/76) for the CTX group, and no significant difference was observed between the two drug groups. The corresponding figures were 82.7% (62/75) for the CDZM group, 85.5% (65/76) for the CTX group, and no significant difference was observed between the two drug groups on the judgement by physicians in charge. Furthermore, the clinical efficacy of both drugs on chronic respiratory tract infections was assessed according to "Criteria for Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Chemotherapeutics on Chronic Respiratory Tract Infection". It was 76.8% (53/69) for the CDZM group, 76.3% (58/76) for the CTX group, and no significant difference was observed between the two groups. 3. The bacteriological eradication rate of causative pathogens was 92.4% out of 66 patients treated with CDZM and 95.5% out of 67 patients treated with CTX in whom judgement was possible. No significant difference was observed between the two drug groups. 4. The adverse reactions occurred in 4 (2.2%) patients for the CDZM group and 8 (4.5%) patients for the CTX group respectively, with no significant inter-group difference in frequency of these reactions for all cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[A family case of aortitis syndrome: usefulness of HLA study].
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Adolescent↗
Histochemical studies of the vestibular nerve system in the developing chick embryo. Glycoconjugates in the vestibular end organs.
Glycoconjugates of the vestibular end organs in the developing chick embryos were well defined and localized using lectins-HRP (WGA, PNA, UEA-1) and HID-AB stains. In spite of the fact that no differentiation of the otic vesicle was seen on the 4-day-old chick embryos, the luminal surface of the otic vesicle was labeled with lectins. The cupula and otoconia were labeled most intensely with lectins on the 6-day-old chick embryos. The reactivity of lectins with the cupula and otoconia was as follows: WGA greater than UEA-1 greater than PNA. As the vestibular end organs had become mature, the epithelial cells of the semicircular duct, utricle and saccule were labeled with lectins. These findings suggest that glycoconjugates play an important role in the development and formation of the vestibular end organs.
Animals↗
[Incidental prostatic carcinoma obtained from the tissue by transurethral resection].
Between January, 1982 and May, 1988, transurethral resection of the prostatic gland diagnosed as clinically benign prostatic hypertrophy was performed on 461 patients at Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital. Thirty-eight cases of incidental carcinoma (8.2%) were found by histopathological examination. The patients with well and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma decreased in proportion to the increase in the number of the tumor chips. Of the 10 patients with more than 11 tumor chips, 7 patients (70%) had histologically poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The cases of INF alpha were only found in the group with the ratio of tumor chips to examined chips of less than 5%. The ratio of the cases of INF gamma increased with the increase in the ratio of tumor chips. Uniform substaging criteria of incidental prostatic carcinoma (stage A) obtained from the tissue by transurethral resection should be established.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Clinical assessment of anticoagulation therapy during left ventricular assist with artificial heart: induction with protease inhibitor].
Left ventricular assist device was attached to five patients suffered from severe low cardiac output after open heart surgery. In two patients, anticoagulation therapy with heparin started just after the operation. Repeated operations for hemostasis were required because of massive bleeding in these two patients. Anticoagulation therapy was not performed in another one, and thrombus formation in the device was recognized in this patient. In the other two patients, anticoagulation therapy was started with large dose of protease inhibitor (gabexate mesilate or nafamstat mesilate). Heparin infusion was combined with protease inhibitor during the period of weaning from the device. Thrombosis and massive bleeding were not recognized in these two patients, and they were able to wean from the device successfully.
Aged↗