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Biomedical subjects

M Masuda

Publications and source records attributed to M Masuda.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical evaluation of cefuzonam (CZON) for bacterial pneumonia and lung abscess: comparative study with cefotiam (CTM)].

A double blind study was conducted to objectively evaluate the usefulness of Cefuzonam (CZON) in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia and lung abscess. Cefotiam (CTM) was used as a control drug. Each drug was administered by intravenous drip infusion at 1 g at a time, twice daily, for 14 days as a rule. The results are as follows: 1. Enrolled in this study were 145 cases in total, comprising 72 of CZON group and 73 of CTM group. Of the total cases, 109 (53 of CZON group and 56 CTM group) were evaluated for clinical efficacy by the evaluation committee. Exclusion rate and background of patients were not significantly different between the two groups. 2. Clinical effectiveness assessed by the committee showed the efficacy rates of 84.9% (45 cases out of 53) for the CZON group and 83.3% (47 cases out of 56) for the CTM group, with no significant difference between the two groups. 3. The bacteriological eradication rates were 89.5% (17 strains out of 19) for the CZON group and 78.3% (18 strains out of 23) for the CTM group, with no significant difference between the two groups. 4. The incidence of side effects was 5 cases (7.5%) for the CZON group and 3 cases (4.2%) for the CTM group. The incidence rate of laboratory test abnormality was 28.4% (19 cases out of 67) for the CZON group and 31.3% (12 cases out of 67) for the CTM group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. 5. Usefulness rates calculated by the committee were 79.2% (42 cases out of 53) for the CZON group and 76.8% (43 cases out of 56) for the CTM group. There was no significant difference between the two groups. These results show that CZON is a useful drug in the treatment of bacterial pneumonia and lung abscess.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Several cation transporters and volume regulation in high-K dog red blood cells.

Normal dog red blood cells lack the Na-K pump, and their cation composition is low K and high Na (LK). Recently, a dog was found with red blood cells containing high K and low Na concentrations (HK) due to the existence of the Na-K pump. In the present study, cation transport and volume regulation in HK cells were compared with those of LK cells. HK cells showed not only Rb influx through a Na-K pump, but also Rb influx through a Cl-dependent K transporter. The Rb influx rate through the Na-K pump was 0.65-1.44 mmol.l cells-1.h-1 in Cl and 1.75-2.24 mmol.l cells-1.h-1 in NO3, in HK cells, but only trace activities are found in LK cells. In HK cells, the Rb influx rate through Cl-dependent K transport was 0.36-0.96 mmol.l cells-1.h-1, and it was enhanced in swollen cells but vanished in shrunken cells. In LK cells, the transport was evident only in swollen cells. The original volume of swollen HK cells was restored by water extrusion promoted by Cl-dependent transport. The Na-Ca exchange transporter, which works as a volume regulator in LK cells, functioned in HK cells only when they were loaded with Na. Hence, the exchange transporter is latent in HK cells under physiological conditions. Moreover, the exchange transporter could restore the cell volume in swollen and Na-loaded HK cells. However, the volume in HK cells was still larger than that in LK cells, while the Na-Ca exchange transporter was working.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Comparative study between St. Jude Medical and bioprosthetic valves in the right side of the heart.

Comparative long-term performance characteristics of St. Jude Medical (SJM) and bioprosthetic valves were conducted retrospectively for patients who underwent prosthetic valve replacement in the right side of the heart from 1975 to 1988. Fifty-four patients received either SJM (n = 18) or bioprosthetic (n = 37) valves. The cumulative follow-up for SJM valves was 91 valves-years (range 3.9 to 7.2 years) and that for bioprostheses was 282 valve-years (range 1.3 to 14.8 years). Follow-up rate was 100%. The actuarial survival rate excluding hospital deaths at 5 years was 81 +/- 10% for SJM and 97 +/- 3% for bioprosthetic valve recipients (p = ns). The rates of freedom from thrombosis or anticoagulant-related hemorrhage, structural valve failure, prosthetic valve endocarditis, reoperation, and overall valve-related complications at 5 years were 72 +/- 11%, 100%, 100%, 83 +/- 9%, and 72 +/- 11% for SJM valve recipients, and 100%, 97 +/- 3%, 97 +/- 3%, 94 +/- 4%, and 94 +/- 4% for bioprosthetic valve recipients, respectively. Structural valve failure, prosthetic valve endocarditis and reoperations occurred at a similar incidence in each of the two types of prostheses. Thrombosis and overall valve-related events occurred more frequently in SJM valve recipients (5.5 +/- 2.5 vs 0%/valve-year; p less than 0.02, 6.6 +/- 2.7 vs 1.1 +/- 0.6 %/valve-year; p less than 0.03, respectively). The bioprosthetic valve which did not need warfarin anticoagulation therapy had low incidence of valve-related complications and showed good long-term durability even in the younger age group. The bioprosthetic valve was superior to the SJM valve in the right side of the heart.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1991

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the urinary bladder: a case report].

A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of the urinary bladder was presented. A 59-year-old man visited our hospital with a chief complaint of gross hematuria with clots. Intravenous urography revealed a filling defect on the left side of the bladder. CT scan demonstrated that the tumor invaded the bladder wall deeply. The histology of the biopsy specimens obtained by TUR was suspected to be transitional cell carcinoma. Bleeding from the bladder was so severe that a lot of units of blood transfusion were required in order to compensate for anemia before total cystectomy was performed. The tumor was hemispheric, moderately demarcated, measuring 5.5 cm x 4.0 cm x 5.5 cm, and located at the posterior wall. The histological diagnosis was malignant fibrous histiocytoma, inflammatory type, with venous invasion of tumor cells. Postoperatively, the patient received 5 courses of combination chemotherapy of adriamycin (100 mg/body, day 1) and dacarbazine (400 mg/body, day 1-5). He is alive with no evidence of local and metastatic disease 24 months after operation, in spite of the poor prognosis predicted from the histological findings. MFH of the urinary bladder is very rare. We also made a brief review of prior reports on this disease.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1991

[Bilateral renal metastases of lung adenoid cystic carcinoma].

A 79-year-old male was admitted for macroscopic hematuria and right back pain. A mass shadow in the right lower lung fields had been present for three years previously with unconfirmed diagnosis. Excretory urogram, ultrasonogram and computed tomographic scan revealed bilateral renal tumors. Selective right renal arteriogram demonstrated a slightly hypervascular mass in the upper pole of the right kidney. Chemotherapy was not effective. Slow but definite malignant progression developed and the patient died two and a half years later. Autopsy finally revealed the adenoid cystic carcinoma of the right lung with bilateral renal metastases. The renal metastasis of this tumor is the first case in Japan to our knowledge.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Removal of renal cell carcinoma extending into the right atrium: report of a case].

A 65-year old man presented with a seven-month history of macrohematuria and left back pain. Abdominal ultrasonography, enhanced computed tomographic (CT) scanning, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), selective renal angiography and vena cavography revealed a left renal tumor extending into the inferior vena cava and right atrium. Surgery was performed using the cardiopulmonary bypass and the whole tumor was resected grossly except for the tumor invading into the lumbar vein. The patient recovered promptly but died from cancer metastasis six months after operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Informed consent in cardiac surgery].

Recently, it has been recognized in Japan that informed consent is indispensable to make decisions for medical treatment, although it had been already confirmed in western countries for several decades of years. However, there may be some differences in the content of informed consent between Japan and western countries. We discussed the problems of informed consent in Japan concerning the choice of prosthetic valve, mechanical prosthesis or bioprosthesis, in patients to be undergone valve replacement. We conclude that informed consent should be the humane relationship between therapists and a patient.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed1991

[Factor XIa-alpha 1 antitrypsin complex].

We developed a new rapid assay for the factor XIa-alpha 1 antitrypsin complex (FXIa-alpha 1AT) in plasma using an anti FXI monoclonal antibody (KMXI-1). In 20-fold diluted plasma samples, this assay was not affected by co-existing FXI or non specific color development of the plasma. Normal level of FXIa-alpha 1AT (11 +/- 4.1 ng/ml plasma) increased with the aging of healthy adults. The FXIa-alpha 1AT levels of patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rose along with the progression of the disease, and the appearance of high levels and the peak of FXIa-alpha 1AT developed faster than FDP-E or alpha 2plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex (alpha 2PI-PmC) in most patients. These results indicate that, in addition of FDP and alpha 2PI-PmC, FXIa-alpha 1AT is a useful molecular marker for DIC.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton].

Most cells have macromolecules on their outer surface that are specialized for adhesion. Cells can attach to another cell and/or various extracellular matrix components. When tissue culture cells attach to the substrate, they form a specialized structure called adhesion plaque. At the cytoplasmic side of the adhesion plaque, stress fibers terminate, forming an electron-dense plasma membrane undercoat structure. Integrin is localized to the adhesion plaque and this is a transmembrane protein that connects the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Endothelial cells in vivo have stress fibers, and we have recently found that the ends of these stress fibers also terminate at a structure similar to the adhesion plaque of cultured cells. It appears, therefore, that endothelial cells in vivo employ similar, if not identical, mechanism for adhesion as the one used by tissue culture cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[A case of 67-year-old female with multiple giant pulmonary arteriovenous fistula combined with mitral regurgitation].

The patient was a 67-year-old female, complaining of cyanosis, clubbed finger and anoxic spell-like symptom. She was diagnosed as pulmonary arteriovenous fistula combined with mitral regurgitation. The fistula was giant and multiple, and was located in the right middle-lower lobe. Right to left shunt ratio was 27%, SO2 was 58.2%, %VC was 60%, mean pulmonary arterial pressure was 19 mmHg. Mitral regurgitation was mild (II). Ligation of the middle-lower branch of right pulmonary artery and the right lower pulmonary vein was performed through a median sternotomy. All of her symptom improved.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Surgical results of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism].

Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism may produce severe respiratory insufficiency and progressive pulmonary hypertension resulting in an intractable right ventricular failure. Although the pathogenesis of this syndrome has not been completely understood, medical treatment usually has little effect and only surgery can be a life saving remedy. Since 1986, seven patients with this syndrome have had pulmonary thromboendarterectomy at the First Department of Surgery, Chiba University Medical Center. Surgery is indicated mainly for patients who present with a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 30 mmHg. All procedures were performed through a unilateral thoracotomy with a cardiopulmonary bypass on stand-by use. Two patients (#1 and #6) needed bilateral surgery which was carried out in two stages, in the remainder only a right side being operated on. When a major pulmonary artery was clamped, the systolic pulmonary arterial pressure rose to equalize or even exceeded that of systemic artery, however since no further hemodynamic deterioration was observed, cardiopulmonary bypass was not used in any case. Although the key feature of this procedure is commonly said to establish an exact cleavage plane between thrombus and arterial wall, it can be carried out without difficulty through thoracotomy approach. Grasping the thrombus, blunt dissection is further proceeded until the entire thrombotic material comes free as a cast of the vessels. All patients survived the operation without major complications including severe reperfusion pulmonary edema. Postoperative catheterization, performed one month following surgery, demonstrated a marked reduction of pulmonary arterial pressure with significantly reduced pulmonary arterial resistance (PAR).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Flow cytometric analysis of expression of interleukin-2 receptor beta chain (p70-75) on various leukemic cells.

We analyzed the expression of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) beta chain (p70-75) on various leukemic cells from 44 patients by flow cytometric analysis using the IL-2R beta chain-specific monoclonal antibody (MoAb), designated Mik-beta 1, which has been recently developed. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the expression of the IL-2R beta chain on granular lymphocytes (GLs) from all eight patients with granular lymphocyte proliferative disorders (GLPDs), on adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells from all three patients with ATL, and on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells from one of three patients with T-ALL. Although GLs from all the GLPD patients expressed the IL-2R beta chain alone and not the IL-2R alpha chain (Tac-antigen: p55), ATL and T-ALL cells expressing the beta chain coexpressed the alpha chain. In two of seven patients with common ALL (cALL) and in both patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the leukemic cells expressed the alpha chain alone. Neither the alpha chain nor the beta chain was expressed on leukemic cells from the remaining 28 patients, including all 18 patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, five of seven patients with cALL, all three patients with multiple myeloma, and two of three patients with T-ALL. These results indicate that three different forms of IL-2R chain expression exist on leukemic cells: the alpha chain alone; the beta chain alone; and both the alpha and beta chains. To examine whether the results obtained by flow cytometric analysis actually reflect functional aspects of the expressed IL-2Rs, we studied the specific binding of 125I-labeled IL-2 (125I-IL-2) to leukemic cells in 18 of the 44 patients. In addition, we performed 125I-IL-2 crosslinking studies in seven patients. The results of IL-2R expression of both 125I-IL-2 binding assay and crosslinking studies were in agreement with those obtained by flow cytometric analysis. These results indicate that flow cytometric analysis using MoAbs, anti-Tac, and Mik-beta 1 is useful for detecting the expression of the IL-2R chains.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Increased accumulation of nonenzymatically glycated fibrinogen in the renal cortex in rats.

We have determined that the nonenzymatic glycation of fibrinogen altered its biological functions in vitro. Thrombin clottability of rat fibrinogen incubated with glucose decreased with increasing incubation time, but was not affected by the glucose concentration. Fibrin prepared from glycated fibrinogen showed a significant resistance in susceptibility to plasmin degradation. We also examined the in vivo distribution of glycated fibrinogen in renal cortex. Iodine labeled rat glycated or unglycated fibrinogen was injected into streptozocin-induced diabetic and control rats. No appreciable difference in the plasma disappearance rate in control rats was observed (half-lives in hours for glycated, 25.6 +/- 0.37; unglycated, 26.1 +/- 0.74). The radioactivity of fibrinogen retained to the renal cortex was calculated 24-hours after injection. In both control and diabetic rats, the retention rate of glycated fibrinogen in renal cortex was significantly higher than that of the unglycated. These results suggest that glycated fibrinogen may occur in a more resistant form to plasmin digestion with fibrin deposition as confirmed in in vitro studies. Therefore, we suggest that glycated fibrinogen may partly contribute to the development of diabetic microangiopathic lesions such as glomerulosclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Determination of the minimal concentrations of contact activation factors in deficient substrate plasmas required to assess accurately factor XII, factor XI, factor IX, and high molecular weight kininogen.

Using combined deficient plasmas prepared by passage of a deficient plasma over an anti-factor XI-monoclonal antibody column, we have determined the threshold concentrations of each coagulation factor of contact phase in factor-deficient substrate plasmas required to determine accurately the functional activities of factor XII, factor XI, factor IX and high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK). In order to reliably quantitate factor XI and factor IX activity levels, at least 20% factor XII and 20% factor XI, respectively, were required in the deficient substrate plasmas. In the assessment of factor XII activity, approximately 40% factor XI was required in the factor XII-deficient substrate plasma. On the other hand, only 11-12% factor XI or HMWK was required in the deficient substrate plasmas in the assessment of these two clotting factors. Our data emphasize that deficiencies of other clotting factors may reduce the apparent activity of the clotting factor in question if their concentration is rate-limiting in the clotting assay.

Blood Coagulation Disorders↗
PubMed1990

Difference in changes of membrane fluidity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine: role of excited oxygen species.

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) were stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl phenylalanine (FMLP) to clarify the role of excited oxygen species in inducing changes of membrane fluidity. Membrane fluidity was assessed by the excimer-forming lipid technique using pyrenedecanoic acid and flow cytometry. Membrane fluidity of PMN decreased following stimulation with PMA, and the extent of decrease was both time- and dose-dependent. FMLP at 10(-5) M induced a decrease, while FMLP at 10(-7) M induced a rapid increase. On stimulation with 10(-7) M FMLP as well as in a resting condition, the change of membrane fluidity of PMN from patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) was similar to that of normal PMN. However, on stimulation with PMA or 10(-5) M FMLP, CGD PMN did not show a significant decrease. In addition, normal PMN incubated with catalase inhibited the decrease. These findings suggest that the generation of excited oxygen species, particularly of H2O2, is important in inducing a decrease of PMN membrane fluidity.

Adult↗