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Biomedical subjects

M Marty

Publications and source records attributed to M Marty.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

A review of the antitumour activity of vinorelbine in breast cancer.

The use of vinorelbine 30 mg/m2/week as a single-agent treatment in advanced breast cancer has achieved response rates of > 20% as second-line treatment and 40 to 50% as first-line treatment. The major toxicity of the drug is reversible neutropenia; 35 to 50% of treated patients have grade IV neutropenia. The agent did not induce thrombocytopenia and proved mildly emetogenic and neurotoxic. Activity was confirmed in combination with fluorouracil or doxorubicin, when response rates ranging from 60 to 74% were achieved. Thus, vinorelbine appears to be a promising agent in the treatment of advanced breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Hodgkin's disease, clinical stages I, II A-B and IIIA. Results of brief chemotherapy followed by irradiation.

From October 1980 to September 1985, 152 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) in clinical stages (CS) I, II A-B and IIIA were treated with combined modality therapy (CMT): brief chemotherapy (CT) followed by radiotherapy (RT). CS IA and IIA cases received 3 cycles of MOP, while CS IB, IIB and IIIA cases were randomly assigned to receive MOP or MOP alternating with ABVD (4 cycles). Irradiation was delivered according to the areas initially involved and response to CT. CS I and II subjects in complete remission (CR) received localized fields, whereas CS I, II and IIIA subjects in partial remission (PR) received extended fields, with subtotal nodal RT for CS I and II and CS IIIA without pelvic involvement and total nodal RT for CS I and II below diaphragm and CS IIIA with pelvic involvement. Following CT, CR was 60% (IA-IIA: 71.5%, IB-IIB: 37%, IIIA: 55.5%), PR 35.5% and failure 4.5%. After CT and RT, CR was 98% (IA-IIA: 100%, IB-IIB: 95.5%, IIIA: 94.5%). Responses were similar using MOP and MOP/ABVD regimens. Fifteen patients relapsed (10%) and 15 died, 11 due to HD and 4 due to other causes, while after 7 years overall survival and relapse free survival were respectively 87% and 82% (IA-IIA 90% and 85%, IB-IIB: 80% and 80%, IIIA: 87% and 62%). Results were equivalent irrespective of CT regimen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Comparison of the 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (serotonin) antagonist ondansetron (GR 38032F) with high-dose metoclopramide in the control of cisplatin-induced emesis.

To compare ondansetron (GR 38032F), a 5-hydroxytryptamine3-receptor antagonist, with metoclopramide in the prophylaxis of acute cisplatin-induced emesis, we conducted a double-blind crossover study in 97 patients scheduled to receive cisplatin (80 to 100 mg per square meter of body-surface area) for treatment of cancer. None had received chemotherapy before this trial. Among the 76 patients who satisfactorily completed both parts of the study, complete or nearly complete control of emesis (i.e., no episodes of emesis occurred, or only one or two) was achieved in 57 of 76 treatments (75 percent) with ondansetron and in 32 of 76 treatments (42 percent) with metoclopramide (P less than 0.001). Ondansetron was also more effective in controlling acute nausea, as assessed with a visual-analogue scale (P = 0.019) or a graded scale (P = 0.024). There was a significant preference among patients for ondansetron (55 vs. 26 percent; P = 0.006). Dystonic reactions were observed during three treatments with metoclopramide; both agents were otherwise well tolerated. We conclude that ondansetron is more effective than metoclopramide in the control of cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting, and that this suggests that serotonin is an important mediator of this side effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Phase I study of oxaliplatin in patients with advanced cancer.

Oxaliplatin, or trans-1-diaminocyclohexane-platinum, was tested in a phase I study. A total of 44 patients received 116 courses with dose escalation from 45 to 200 mg/m2. Neither renal nor hematologic toxicities were observed at doses up to 200 mg/m2. Gastrointestinal toxicity was practically constant and often of grade 3-4 on the WHO scale (53% of patients). The dose-limiting toxicity was a peculiar sensory neuropathy; the first neurologic phenomena appeared at a dose of 135 mg/m2 and continued thereafter, occurring after 75% of the courses with mild to moderate intensity (WHO grade 1-2 after 67% of the courses). Neurotoxicity was cumulative and six patients developed grade 3 disabling neuropathy after a cumulative dose of 500 mg/m2, with walking and handwriting difficulties being slowly regressive in three cases. A peculiar symptom was the influence of temperature, with exacerbation of parethesias when patients touched cold surfaces. Nerve-conduction studies carried out in six cases showed a predominantly sensory neuropathy with axonal degeneration. No other toxicities were observed, although audiograms were not systematically done. We observed four partial responses that lasted 6-13 months in patients with oesophageal (2 cases), lung (1), and urothelial cancer (1); two of these patients had been pretreated with cisplatin. Since neurologic side effects occur very frequently and may produce a long-lasting sensory neuropathy, for phase II studies we recommend a starting dose of 135 mg/m2, with a careful neurologic survey.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Phase II study of oral idarubicin in elderly patients with advanced breast cancer.

Thirty-one elderly patients with measurable advanced breast cancer entered this phase II study. A dose of 15 mg/m2/day of Idarubicin (IDA) for 3 consecutive days every 3 weeks was given orally. Mean total cumulative dose of IDA received was 175 mg/m2 (range: 45-475 mg/m2). Mean number of cycles given was four (range: 1-15). Out of 27 evaluable patients, three achieved a complete response (CR), four had a partial response (PR) (CR + PR = 26 +/- 17%), nine showed no change, and 11 had a progressive disease. Median time to progression was 83 days (range: 19-728 days). Out of 26 patients evaluable for toxicity, hematologic toxicity at day 21 was moderate: neutropenia grades 3 and 4 = 16% of cycles: two patients had grade 1 thrombopenia; and three patients, grade 3. No cumulative hematologic toxicity was detected. Nonhematologic toxicities consisted of nausea and vomiting in 72% of patients [World Health Organization (WHO) grades 3 and 4 = 8%)] and alopecia in 76% (WHO grades 2-3 = 38%). Grade 1 stomatitis occurred in 4% of cycles. Chemotherapy was discontinued in one patient because of drop of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from 0.62 to 0.44 at a cumulative IDA dosage of 322 mg/m2. The results of this study show that IDA is an active drug in elderly patients with advanced breast cancer. Due to its simplicity of administration IDA deserves further investigations in combination with other drugs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

ABO blood groups and bladder carcinoma.

Following some reports concerning the possible influence of ABO blood groups on constitutional types and different features of human pathology, we have investigated if there are relationships between ABO blood groups and bladder tumors. Our findings show that tumoral behavior in patients with bladder carcinoma and blood group O has a tendency to an increased aggressivity with higher tumoral grade and more relapses than what is seen in tumors of patients with A blood group. Although this difference is not statistically significant, we believe that blood group ABO should be considered as a constitutional prognostic factor in bladder carcinoma and further investigations in this field are needed.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1990

5HT3-antagonist receptors: their role in drug-induced emesis.

Chemotherapy-induced emesis is the most severe side effect in term of patient's perception. Current anti-emetic regimen as high dose metoclopramide can achieve a complete response in less than 60% of patients. The HT3 receptors appear to be the principal mediator of the emetic effect and their blockade have a clear activity in the prevention of acute drug-induced emesis, superior to reference regimens.

Antiemetics↗
PubMed1990

A comparative study of the use of granisetron, a selective 5-HT3 antagonist, versus a standard anti-emetic regimen of chlorpromazine plus dexamethasone in the treatment of cytostatic-induced emesis. The Granisetron Study Group.

Patients with cancer were randomized in single-blind fashion to receive either granisetron (n = 114) or a conventional anti-emetic combination of chlorpromazine and dexamethasone (n = 113) as prophylactic agents against the nausea and vomiting induced by a number of designated cytostatic drugs. In the first 24 h, 70% of patients in the granisetron group remained free from vomiting and had no, or only mild nausea compared with 49% of patients in the comparator group, a significant improvement over the conventional anti-emetic (P = 0.0013). Significantly fewer adverse events were reported in the granisetron group (P less than 0.05) and treatment did not result in the somnolence reported by patients receiving chlorpromazine plus dexamethasone (P less than 0.05). In the conventional treatment group, initial infusions were maintained with oral chlorpromazine at 4-6 h intervals in the first 24 h. Ten per cent of these patients received alternative, rescue anti-emetics during this period. In the granisetron group, 70% of patients received only a single prophylactic dose of 40 micrograms/kg granisetron throughout the 7-day period. During the first 24 h, 20% of patients in the granisetron group received up to two additional 40 micrograms/kg doses of granisetron and 6% received rescue anti-emetics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Intraspinal paraganglioma. Apropos of 3 cases with a review of the literature].

The authors present three cases of paraganglioma located in the cauda equina. In all cases pre-operative diagnosis was neurinoma of the cauda equina and only the histology permitted correct identification. All were intradural extramedullary tumors and in two cases the presenting and dominant symptom was low back pain and sciatica. The remaining third case experimented a paraparesis with urinary and fecal incontinence. The follow-up (range of 4 months-4 years) after total excision was uneventful in two cases and showed in the third case with preoperative paraparesis, some persistent urinary incontinence (follow-up: 3 years) with good motor recovery. The light microscopic features were a Zellballen pattern of cells containing argyrophil granules. Electron microscopy was not performed. The most likely theory regarding the embryogenesis of cauda equina paragangliomas is that they arise from pre-existing paraganglia, possibly of the visceral-autonomic group. The prognosis after complete excision appears to be good. The literature is thoroughly reviewed.

Adult↗