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Biomedical subjects

M Martini

Publications and source records attributed to M Martini.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Acute cadmium intoxication: influence of cyproterone acetate on the testis and epididymis of the rat.

The changes resulting from treatment with cadmium were studied following the histological changes, the modification of both vascular permeability to vital dyes and of alkaline phosphatase activity in rat testis and epididymis. The testicular extravasation of acriflavine started 90 min following parenteral injection of cadmium and increased thereafter synchronous with an increase in testicular and epididymal weights due to edema. At 14 and 24 hr a striking decrease of interstitial fluorescence and tubular degeneration were noted in testis and caput epididymis due to thrombosis of the microvascular circulation. The barrier noted at 8 hr following cadmium injection. No changes of alkaline phosphatase activity was detected in testicular and epididymal blood vessels after cadmium injection. Previous treatment with cyproterone acetate accelerated the appearance of such alterations. The interstitial nuclear staining with acriflavine appeared in the testis at 1 hr and was diffuse at 90 and 120 min. cyproterone acetate seemed to accelerate the appearance of tubular degeneration at 8 hr after cadmium injection. The changes of the male rat gonad following cadmium treatment were characterized by an increased vascular permeability and generalized thrombosis. An inbalance of androgen stimulation seems to increase the blood vessels susceptibility to cadmium.

Acriflavine↗
PubMed1981

[Non-union of fractures after osteomyelitis (author's transl)].

The authors have observed 50 cases of osteomyelitis complicated by un-united fractures. The sites affected were the tibia (25 cases), femur (8 cases), humerus (7 cases), forearm (5 cases), and 5 other sites. Treatment varied depending on whether the site was in a one-bone or two-bone segment. In one-bone segments, the main problem was shortening and loss of function. Deformity needs to be corrected and the site of the lesion stabilised and grafted. In two-bone segments, the main problem is deformity due to growth of the intact bone. Forearm lesions should be operated on in children but not in adults because of the capacity of the adult for functional adaptation. In the leg, tibio-fibular synostosis and transfer of the fibula to the tibia or other types of graft can be used. Bony union was always obtained, but often with severe sequelae.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Subdeltoid approach to the metaphyseal region of the humerus (authors' transl)].

The author has described in 1973 a new approach to the upper end of the humerus. This has been used in 44 cases up to the present time. It is concluded that it is worthwhile in the treatment of tumours, infections, complex fractures or dislocations. However, it should only be used in young adults. In elderly patients, several instances of stiff shoulder have been seen after this approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Results of conservative treatment in tuberculosis of the elbow.

The authors have used conservative treatment in 29 cases of tuberculosis of the elbow with 12 months of specific chemotherapy regim and 1--2 months of plaster immobilisation followed by rehabilitation. Seven elbows were ankylosed at the end of the period of treatment, 20 elbows had a useful range of joint movement, and 14 had more than 70 degrees of free movement. The results were not so satisfactory regarding pronation and supination. The authors believe that conservative management gives better results than classical arthrodesis or excision of the elbow joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[The treatment of chronic haematogenous osteomyelitis (author's transl)].

The authors have operated on 106 cases of chronic haematogenous osteomyelitis. On 83 occasions the surgical procedure was on the bone itself and in 23 only on the soft tissues. After a one-stage bone drilling with sequestrectomy and saucerisation the results wee satisfactory in 60 p. 100 of cases. Healing was achieved in 93 p. 100 of cases after a second, third or fourth surgical procedure. An analysis of the results has led to the following conclusion; the prognosis is better in girls, in the humerus, when the onset of the disease was subacute or when it had been present for less than 1 year.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Foreign bodies in the airways. Role of endoscopy in their diagnosis and treatment].

The inhalation of foreign bodies gives rise to a symptom picture that will depend on the nature and size of the foreign body, its location in the airways, the age of the patient, and the presence of prior lung affections. Non-invasive removal of such bodies is often enough to resolve both acute and chronic symptomatologies. In view of the striking nature of the symptoms and the imminent risk of complications or exacerbation associated with the continued presence of foreign bodies and the therapeutic strategy to be adopted, many workers consider that treatment should be given in a suitable environment, with proper equipment and an experienced staff. Reference is made to a personal series collected at the Chieti and Bologna resuscitation centres in describing the criteria followed in the diagnosis and management of cases of recently inhaled or latent foreign bodies, and their parenchymal complications. Non-invasive management by means of direct bronchoscopy is advised in all cases except those in which the subsequent intervention of serious, evident and irreversible parenchymal alterations make surgery inevitable.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Conservative treatment of osteoarticular tuberculosis of the elbow].

The authors have applied conservative treatment in 21 cases of tuberculosis of the elbow with 12 months of specific chemotherapy and antibiotics and plaster immobilization for 3 montths followed by rehabilitation. Four elbows were ankylosed at the end of treatment. Seventeen elbows had useful joint mobility. In thirteen cases, there was more than 70 degrees of movement in flexion but the results were not so satisfactory as regards pronation and supination. The authors believe that conservative management gives better results than surgery by arthrodesis or resection.

Antibiotics, Antitubercular↗
PubMed1977

Ca2+-activated ATPase of rat liver plasma membrane.

Rat liver plasma membranes hydrolyze ATP in the presence of Ca2+. The rate of hydrolysis is different when Mg2+ions are present in the incubation system. Several parameters differentiate Ca2+-ATPase from Mg2+-ATPase: a) the Km of ATP hydrolysis for Ca2+ (2.25 x 10(-4) M) is lower than for Mg2+ (2.14 x 10(-3) M); b) the shape of the activation curve is hyperbolic in the presence of Ca2+ and sigmoid in the presence of Mg2+; c) Mg2+-ATPase shows two different values of activation energy while Ca2+-ATPase presents only a single value; d) Ca2+-ATPase is inhibited, while Mg2+-ATPase is unaffected by cyclic AMP. Ca2+-ATPase is localized on the plasma membrane and is not inhibited by cysteine. It does not hydrolyze substrates different from nucleotides triphosphate, such as glucose-1-phosphate or alpha-glycero-phosphate. The enzyme is probably related to a mechanism of calcium transport.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1976

The sub-deltoid approach to the metaphyseal region of the humerus.

In a new surgical approach to the proximal part of the humerus, used in eighteen patients, the distal part of the tendon of the deltoid muscle was divided and the whole muscle was lifted up to give an excellent view of the proximal one-third of the diaphysis, the metaphysis, the surgical neck, and both tuberosities of the humerus. The exposure allowed visualization and protection of the axillary nerve. Postoperatively the deltoid remained functional and only the preoperative condition of the joint seemed to prevent full recovery of function of the muscles in a few patients.

Bone Neoplasms↗