Dental considerations for radiotherapy patients in the general practice office.
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Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities↗
Biomedical subjects
M Martin
Publications and source records attributed to M Martin.
Limited small cell lung cancer: possible prognostic impact of initial chemotherapy doses.
While the effect of chemotherapy dose on tumor response in small cell lung cancer has been fairly well established, the effect on survival has been retrospectively analyzed only in some series. This particular point was studied in a series of 52 consecutive patients with limited small cell lung cancer treated by an alternating radiotherapy-chemotherapy schedule. The induction treatment consisted of 6 chemotherapy cycles (the planned doses were: doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 day 1, VP16213 75 mg/m2 days 1-3, cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 days 3-6, and cisplatinum 100 mg/m2 day 2) alternated after the first 2 cycles with 3 courses of thoracic radiotherapy delivering a total dose of 55 Gy. Eighty-one percent of patients went into complete remission and the 3-year relapse-free survival was 24%. A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors took into account age, sex, T stage, performance status, delayed hematological toxicity to the first course of chemotherapy, actual dose/m2 of each drug during the first course and mean dose/course delivered during the induction treatment after the first cycle of chemotherapy. It was possible to identify 3 independent factors influencing overall survival and relapse-free survival: actual initial dose of cisplatinum, actual initial dose of cyclophosphamide and the T stage. The effect of the initial dose of cisplatinum and cyclophosphamide proved to be linear on relapse-free survival. The results of this analysis show a possible effect of initial doses of chemotherapy in the management of limited small cell lung cancer in terms of both distant metastasis and overall survival rates.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
[Phlebography follow-up of successful fibrinolytic treatment of deep leg vein thromboses].
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Fibrinolytic Agents↗
[The posterior pharyngeal wall in pharyngo-laryngeal cancer. Spontaneous healing after excision].
Malignant lesions arising from the posterior pharyngeal wall, or spreading to involve it, present a therapeutic problem in cancer surgery as witnessed by the number of techniques proposed and used. In general, they require longer operating time, sometimes need a double team of surgeons and sometimes specialised training. There is an increased risk of complications. The experience with pharyngoplasty using mucosal or musculo-mucosal flaps, which leave the donor site bare, raised the possibility of partial repair in circular pharyngo-laryngectomy. A myocutaneous flap is sutured in "gutter" fashion anteriorly opposite the posterior pharyngeal wall which in fact consists of the prevertebral aponeurosis laid bare. Repair was not performed in certain partial posterior pharyngectomies. Seven patients underwent surgery using this technique. Four circular pharyngo-laryngectomies, including 2 as second stage procedures were performed. Healing occurred in all cases. No breakdown of sutures occurred. Oral feeding was possible from D12 on average and patients were discharged on D18. Three posterior pharyngectomies, including 1 as a second stage procedure, were performed. Feeding was possible in 2 patients on D15 and discharge on D18. These encouraging results suggest that this reliable, rapid single stage procedure technique should be adopted.
Follow-Up Studies↗
Intravenous prostaglandin E1 versus pentoxifylline therapy in chronic arterial occlusive disease--a controlled randomised multicenter study.
In a controlled multicenter study 70 patients with chronic arterial occlusive disease stage IV according to Fontaine's classification were randomised to treatment with prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) or pentoxifylline (PX), administered over 4 weeks. Parameters of effectiveness were the reduction of analgesics, the relief of rest pain according to an analogue scale, the improvement of the ulceration according to an ulcer score and the healing of necrotic area. The results show that both forms of treatment produced a significant reduction in analgesic consumption and rest pain. Moreover in both groups a significant reduction of the ulcer score and healing of the necrotic area were observed. Side effects occurred in six patients of the PGE1-group and in ten patients of the PX-group, which required premature discontinuation of treatment in four patients of the PX-group. The study also demonstrated that PGE1 is more effective in the treatment of severe arterial occlusive disease than PX. With respect to the analgesic consumption, the reduction of ulcer score and the healing of necrotic area a significant difference was found in favour of PGE1. In accordance the six months follow-up examinations showed a marked deterioration in the PX-group opposed to the PGE1-group. The intravenous application of PGE1 over a period of 4 weeks in patients with severe arterial occlusive disease seems to be an effective therapeutical principle.
Aged↗
Chemical dependency affects all.
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Adult↗
Simultaneous appearance of ovarian and endometrial carcinoma: a therapeutic challenge.
We have analyzed 37 cases of simultaneous appearance of carcinoma in the ovary and endometrium. This paper deals with the question of whether they should be considered stage III endometrial carcinomas, stage II ovarian carcinomas or independent primary tumors. The cases were grouped according to their histology as endometrioid ovarian carcinomas with endometrial carcinoma (group A), same carcinoma, but not of endometrial origin in both organs (group B) and histologically different concomitant carcinomas of ovary and endometrium (group C). Although our series was small, the survival was better than could have been expected either for stage III endometrial carcinoma, or stage II ovarian carcinoma. This supports the view that many of those tumors should be considered independent stage I carcinomas. Another fact in favour of this hypothesis is the strong correlation between myometrial invasion and prognosis in these cases, which is comparable to that found in endometrial carcinoma alone.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Histoimmunological characterization of the cellular reaction to liver metastases induced by colon cancer cells in syngeneic rats.
Artificial liver metastases were produced by injecting in vitro cultivated colonic cancer cells into the mesenteric vein of syngeneic rats. An immunohistologic study of the inflammatory host cells infiltrating the tumors was carried out from 1 to 46 days after tumor cell injection, using a set of monoclonal antibodies labelling tumor cells, macrophages or lymphoid cells subpopulations. In small metastases, 3-7 days after tumor cell injection, tumor cell foci were surrounded by a dense corona of inflammatory cells, predominantly T lymphocytes and NK cells. This inflammatory corona regressed when metastases grew larger and completely disappeared around the large metastases found more than 28 days after cell injection. Inside the metastases, the tumor cells were mixed with a small number of cells with the characteristic labelling of macrophages (KiM2R+, W3/25+); however, the inside macrophages are OX8+ in contrast to macrophages found in normal liver and in the peritumoral corona. The progressive disappearance of the coronal inflammatory cells suggests that cancer cells are able to produce or to induce other cells to produce anti-inflammatory agents inhibiting the accumulation of macrophages and lymphoid cells around the tumors.
Animals↗
In vitro and in vivo targeting of radiolabeled monovalent and divalent haptens with dual specificity monoclonal antibody conjugates: enhanced divalent hapten affinity for cell-bound antibody conjugate.
A method of pretargeted immunolocalization of a mouse cell subset, using dual specificity monoclonal antibody conjugates and labeled divalent haptens, is described. Conjugates were prepared by coupling F(ab')2 fragments of an antibody specific for the allelic mouse B cell antigen Lyb8.2, to Fab' fragments of an anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl antibody. Divalent and monovalent haptens were obtained by coupling dinitrophenyl to peptides or to diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid. In vitro, divalent haptens bind with higher affinity to mouse spleen lymphocyte-bound than to excess soluble conjugate (affinity enhancement). In vivo, localization of 125I- or 111In-labeled divalent haptens in mouse spleen is much higher than that of the monovalent analogs. Thus, using divalent haptens, a new kind of specificity to target cells was achieved, suggesting that affinity enhancement may improve target to background ratios in radioimmunoscintigraphy.
Animals↗
Comparison of retention mechanisms of homologous series and triglycerides in non-aqueous reversed-phase liquid chromatography.
The retention behaviour of saturated homogeneous triglycerides was compared to that of single chain homologous compounds in reversed-phase liquid chromatography on silica-based octadecyl bonded phases with non-aqueous binary eluents containing chloroform. For both series, in all eluents and at all investigated temperatures, a discontinuity (1-6% slope change) in log k' vs. the carbon atom number, nc, of each solute hydrocarbonaceous chain was observed for a given critical number of carbon atoms, nc,crit approximately 12-13. Similar discontinuities were observed in delta H degrees and delta S degrees vs. nc for the same nc,crit value. These and other phenomena (existence of two convergence points for log k' vs. nc plotted at different eluent compositions; existence of two convergence temperatures in log k' vs. 1/T plotted for several members of a given solute series) reflect the mechanism of penetration of the solute aliphatic chains into the bonded layer. The eluotropic strength of acetonitrile-chloroform mobile phases was determined and seen to have a larger rate of variation with the solvent composition than that of some other non-aqueous binary eluents. The ratio of the slope of plots of log k' vs. nc curves for triglycerides and single chain homologous series is not a whole number but has a value lying between 2 and 3. This explains why triglyceride retentions cannot be predicted from retention data for the fatty acid methyl esters. More importantly, this indicates that the triglycerides may interact with the stationary phase using various conformations, one, two or three chains penetrating into the bonded layer. These conformations, in dynamic equilibrium with each other, contribute differently to the retention. This offers, in principle, the possibility to separate unsaturated triglycerides having the same number of carbon atoms and of double bonds but differing in the distribution of the unsaturations along the chains, if the double bonds located in a non-penetrating chain can selectively interact with a mobile phase component.
Chromatography, Liquid↗
Partitioning behaviour in aqueous two-phase systems and fractionation by counter-current distribution of chick-embryo erythrocytes with numerical resolution of distribution curves.
The partition of chick-embryo and young-chick erythrocytes in dextran-poly-(ethylene glycol) two-phase systems depends on the interfacial tension and electrical potential differences between the phases. Counter-current distribution with charged 5% dextran-poly(ethylene glycol) systems has proved to be an adequate method for the separation of primitive and definitive erythrocytes present in chick embryos when a phase settling time of 20 min is used. The computer-aided numerical resolution of experimental curves has shown the existence of subpopulations which could not have been detected by using conventional methods.
Animals↗
Microbore high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of proteolytic digests by continuous-flow fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry.
Microbore high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) techniques have been combined with fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) for the mass-specific detection of mixtures of peptides produced by proteolytic hydrolysis of proteins. The continuous-flow FAB interface has been utilized for direct coupling of the microbore HPLC system and the mass spectrometer. Conditions are reported for the effective separation of 100 pmol of peptides at flow-rates of 5 microliters/min with acetonitrile gradients and 1-mm I.D. C8 columns. A comparison is also made between columns of 5 and 25 cm lengths for the separation of peptide mixtures. Data are presented for the separation of peptides on a slurry-packed C18 fused-silica capillary column with the continuous-flow HPLC-FAB-MS interface at flow-rates of 3 microliters/min.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
Cyclosporin A suppresses proliferation of renal mesangial cells in culture.
Rat glomerular mesangial cells were isolated and grown in culture for a prolonged period of time. The proliferation of these cells was suppressed by the immunosuppressivum Cyclosporin A (CSA) up to 75%, as measured by the incorporation of radiolabeled thymidine. This was dependent on the concentration of CSA used, being in the range of 125-2000 ng/ml. This effect was specific for CSA and other immunosuppressive derivatives thereof, while a non-immunosuppressive cyclosporin was ineffective. Neither the density of the cultures, nor the time of application had any influence on the susceptibility of the cells to CSA. The suppression of MC proliferation was proliferation was reversible after removal of CSA. These studies demonstrate a suppressive effect of Cyclosporin A on the proliferation of non-lymphocytic cells, the glomerular mesangial cells. This observation may help to explain the beneficial results reported with CSA in the treatment of some kidney diseases.
Animals↗
Two-chain structure of the interleukin 1 receptor.
By crosslinking radioiodinated recombinant human IL1 alpha to mouse EL4 thymoma cells we have identified in addition to the known IL1-binding proteins of 80 kDa, a second IL1-binding protein of about 40 kDa. This second binding protein could be demonstrated most easily when crosslinking to higher protein complexes was inhibited. This finding suggests that the IL1 receptor, similar to the receptor for other cytokines such as interleukin 2, is composed of a heterodimer, of which both polypeptides contribute to ligand binding.
Animals↗
The center-tapped slotted tube autotransformer resonator: a coil for use with a high-resolution small animal imaging system.
A radiofrequency (rf) coil design based on a slotted tube resonator which allows high-resolution imaging of the rodent brain with excellent anatomic definition on a standard G.E. CSI II 2.0-T MR imaging unit with no modification of existing apparatus is described. The coil is easily constructed and permits very rapid tuning to different loading conditions, allowing a high sample throughput.
Animals↗
Interleukin 1: more than a mediator between leukocytes.
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Animals↗
Combined external irradiation and interstitial implantation for T1 and T2 epidermoid carcinomas of base of tongue: the Creteil experience (1971-1981).
Forty-eight patients with T1 or T2 epidermoid carcinomas of the base of tongue were treated at the Henri Mondor Hospital between 1971 and 1981. Forty-one patients received moderate dose 60Co external beam irradiation (mean: 48.6 Gy) to the primary tumor and regional nodes, followed by an interstitial iridium 192 implant to the primary tumor (mean: 32 Gy). This completed the treatment for the 30 node negative patients, but those with clinically positive nodes were managed by either an additional electron beam boost to the involved nodes or a neck dissection. Seven tumors were treated exclusively by implantation to the base of tongue (mean: 63 Gy). Five-year crude disease-free survival is 50% with 35% of patients dying of recurrent disease. Definitive local control for T1 lesions is 85% (11/13) and for T2 is 71% (25/35). A dose response effect was observed with local control of 79% (26/33) obtained with a combined dose greater than or equal to 75 Gy, but only 50% (4/8) for less than or equal to 70 Gy. For N0 patients definitive regional control is 97% and for N1-3 is 89%. Minor or moderate soft tissue ulceration was observed in 12 patients, including 3 cases that progressed to osteonecrosis. None required surgical intervention. No correlation exists between necrosis and tumor size or total dose.
Adult↗