Biomedical subjects

M Martin-Loeches

Publications and source records attributed to M Martin-Loeches.

11 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

Uterine sarcoma associated with tamoxifen use: case report.

A case of müllerian adenosarcoma with sarcomatous overgrowth in a postmenopausal 66-year-old female patient after adjuvant tamoxifen treatment for breast carcinoma is described. The patient was asymptomatic and the neoplasm was detected by pelvic sonography. The diagnosis was based on the histological findings after curettage and complementary total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The association of tamoxifen use and development of mesenchymal neoplasms is discussed.

Adenosarcoma↗

PubMed2003

A comparative analysis of the modification of sexual desire of users of oral hormonal contraceptives and intrauterine contraceptive devices.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of oral hormonal contraceptives (OCs) and the use of intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) on the modification of sexual desire. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study of 1073 women using OCs or an IUD at the Family Planning Center 'Marina Alta' in Alicante, Spain. In order to evaluate the relative risk regarding the decrease in libido attributed to each contraceptive method, a logistic regression analysis was undertaken which considered the factors of age adjustment, level of studies, family planning information, relationship with partner, age when sexual relationships were initiated, parity, contraceptive method previously used and the duration of use of the contraceptive method. RESULTS: No differences in the decrease of sexual desire were observed between the use of the OC and IUD (odds ratio (OR) 1.32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-2.49), yet differences were noted, however, in relation to age (OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.10). Although these differences were not statistically significant, a high level of awareness regarding family planning was shown to increase sexual desire when compared to a lower level of information on this subject (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.41-1.01). Sexual desire was seen to decrease if the quality of the relationship with the partner was average (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.36-3.69) or poor (OR 4.69; 95% CI 1.93-11.4). Nulliparous women showed a greater decrease in sexual desire in relation to women who had already given birth (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.00-2.47). Sexual desire was greater if the contraceptive method had already been in use for 6-12 months (OR 0.41; 95% CI 0.17-0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Sexual desire does not vary in relation to the use of OCs or IUDs, yet it does decrease with age, in nulliparous women and in those with an average or poor relationship with their partner. Furthermore, sexual desire shows an increase between the first 6 and 12 months of contraceptive treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Does FIGO clinical stage influence the survival of patients with early stages of uterine cervix carcinoma. International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.

We studied the influence of the FIGO clinical stage on the prognosis of 114 patients with early stages of uterine cervix carcinoma who had been treated with radical surgery in the "La Fe" Maternity Hospital in Valencia between 1971 and 1989. The prognosis became worse with each clinical stage, in line with the fact that the more advanced clinical stages are more likely to have certain types of spread, larger tumours and a greater stromal invasion depth. However, the Cox regression adjustment of the variables predicting disease-free and survival intervals, including the clinical stage and preoperative and postoperative treatment, did not reveal a significant link between clinical stage and the prognostic indices studied, while postoperative treatment variables showed a great predictive capacity, possibly due to the fact that the postoperative treatment used in more advanced stages is more aggressive.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2001

Auditory P300 event related potential and serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients.

Neuropsychological findings in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been explained in terms of reduced cognitive shifting ability as a result of low levels of frontal inhibitory activity. This deficit could be reflected in an abnormal P300 component of the event-related potential. The improvement in cognitive processing due to pharmacological treatment would modify the P300 component, bringing it close to that of normal controls. Nineteen patients suffering from OCD and 19 normal controls were recorded. We used a computerized version of the auditory 'odd-ball paradigm' to obtain the P300 component at the Pz electrode. Patients were tested twice, drug-free and under treatment with clomipramine in 250-300 mg doses. We observed the P300 component to have lower amplitude and longer latency in drug-free OCD patients when compared with controls. P300 amplitude in OCD increased after treatment, although this was supported only by a statistical trend. There was no modification in P300 latency after treatment. It is possible that inhibitory activity improves with treatment and allows patients to answer with more confidence, which results in an increase in P300 amplitude. This study suggests that cognitive dysfunction in OCD fluctuates with changes in the clinical associated with treatment, probably in relationship to central serotoninergic transmission.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Sources and topography of supramodal effects of spatial attention in ERP.

This study aimed to finding modality-independent event-related potentials (ERP) modulations related to spatial attention by minimising several possible methodological constrains which may account for the rareness of this finding in past spatial attention ERP research. ERP were recorded while subjects performed a shifting spatial attention task of either auditory, visual or mixed (both auditory and visual) modality. Task requirements and stimulation devices were identical for either modality. Stimuli could appear (80%, valid trials) or not (invalid trials) at predicted locations, and subjects had to perform a speeded response to every stimulus. Reaction time benefits were found for valid trials. Instead of the usually found enhancement of sensory-evoked modality-specific components for valid trials, ERP showed modality-independent modulations as a function of attention. They consisted of a fronto-central activity starting 240 ms after stimulus onset and originated in the anterior cingulate gyrus, followed 40 ms later by a bilateral parietal cortex activation. These processes would be reflecting the activity, respectively, of the anterior and posterior attention systems postulated in Posner's model (Posner and Peterson 1990), which showed a higher degree of participation during invalid trials. P300-like processes were also observed for invalid trials. These results demonstrate that supramodal effects of spatial attention of ERP can be obtained. Furthermore, they extend Posner's model by indicating the timings of implication of the attention subsystems.

Acoustic Stimulation↗

PubMed1995

Cerebral perfusion, electrical activity and effects of serotonergic treatment in obsessive-compulsive disorder. A preliminary study.

An abnormally increased glucose metabolism has been described with positron emission tomography (PET) in frontal and caudate regions of obsessive-compulsive patients. Perfusion and electroencephalographic studies have been less conclusive. However, these techniques are, currently, more available than PET and, therefore, deserve further study because of their possible clinical applications. In this article, 13 obsessive-compulsive patients were studied with quantitative EEG and auditory and visual evoked potentials. Six of them were studied also with perfusion single photon emission tomography. A group of 4 patients was studied with both techniques before and after a serotonergic treatment. Increased global, beta, and theta electrical power together with an increased perfusion in frontal regions was observed. The patients also showed a delta power increase over right temporal and frontal regions, together with increased perfusion in the right basal ganglia region as well as a decreased amplitude of the P50 and N100 waves of the auditory evoked potentials over temporal electrodes; these alterations were reduced with treatment. These results are discussed in the context of current data about serotonergic neurotransmission.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Human brain potentials of spatial location encoding into memory.

Event-related potentials (ERP) were elicited by little vertical bars located randomly in 1 of 4 positions (top, bottom, left or right) relative to a central fixation point. There were 4 experimental conditions requiring the subjects either to press a button if the stimulus was in the target location, count the number of stimuli appearing in the target location, look at the stimuli passively or memorize the location of the stimulus. The interstimulus interval was 2 sec for all tasks. In the memory condition subjects had to consider stimuli as pairs, memorize the location of the first stimulus of every pair and press a button if the second stimulus was in the same location. Our results indicate that ERPs corresponding to the memorization and retention of spatial location are different from those of the other 3 tasks in the presence of a long duration negativity mainly distributed bilaterally over O1, O2, T5 and T6 electrodes. This negativity seems to develop gradually several milliseconds before stimulus onset, reaches its highest value when the spatial location is assumed to be analyzed, and continues with uniform scalp distribution until the end of the recording (822 msec after stimulus onset).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Two-Hz wide EEG bands in Alzheimer's disease.

Twenty Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients in a mild to moderate stage of the disease and 20 control subjects were compared in 17 2-Hz wide bands from the electrodes 01, 02, P3, P4, T5, T6, F3, F4, F7, F8, Fp1, and Fp2. Differences reached statistical significance for 0-2 and 4-6 Hz bands, where AD patients presented highest power values. The AD group was divided into two groups according to the stage of disease. Both groups of patients presented 0-2 Hz increase in frontal, right parieto-temporal, and occipital areas. The increase in 4-6 Hz band was mainly over frontal areas in both groups and over left parietal region in moderate AD patients. These results and those relative to dominant frequency and crossover frequency between groups are discussed according to previous results with conventional and 2-Hz wide bands in AD patients in a severe stage of the disease.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

Brain mapping in dysphonemic dyslexia: in resting and phonemic discrimination conditions.

Topographic mapping of EEG bands and alpha asymmetry were analyzed during resting conditions and an auditory phonemic discrimination task (APD) in carefully screened samples of 9.0- to 12-year-old control and dysphonemic-sequencing dyslexic children. The EEG was recorded over the entire scalp, with a linked ears reference. We found: (1) no differences between groups during resting conditions in any frequency band analyzed; (2) a left hemisphere alpha responsiveness in dyslexic children during the APD condition; and (3) a beta 2 decrease in the left posterior quadrant in dyslexics during the APD condition. We conclude that the lower alpha and beta 2 responsiveness may be due to a diminished cortical reactivity and may be related to intrinsic disorganization of the neural processors associated directly with the APD task demands, the alpha activity reflecting poor attention to an external stimuli source and the beta 2 decrease reflecting an unusual processing associated with the linguistic cognitive requirements.

Auditory Perception↗

PubMed1991

Topography of mobility and complexity parameters of the EEG in Alzheimer's disease.

Mobility and complexity, Hjorth's parameters of the electroencephalogram (EEG), were calculated in 16 electrodes in a group of 14 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 14 healthy controls. Mobility was decreased in the AD group, differences reaching high levels of significance over all the electrodes. Complexity was increased significantly in the AD group only in five electrodes. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for mobility at each electrode, considering only those AD patients with the lowest cognitive impairment. Sensitivity and negative predictive value were 100% at all the electrodes. Specificity and positive predictive value at several electrodes reached highly acceptable proportions, such as 71% or more for the former, and 64% or more for the latter. Implications of mobility in the early diagnosis of AD are discussed.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Topographic maps of brain electrical activity in primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type and multiinfarct dementia.

The topography of the electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern of ten patients with primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type, ten multiinfarct dementia patients, and ten age-matched controls was compared during three different behavioral conditions: resting condition with eyes open (EO), memorizing a list of words (M), and recalling the same list of words (R). Results indicate that the alpha frequency band does not show significant changes. On the other hand, the theta band could be considered an important factor in the differential diagnosis of the primary degenerative dementia of the Alzheimer type, showing a higher power over right posterior regions in this group of patients compared with the multiinfarct dementia patients under different behavioral conditions.

Aged↗