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Biomedical subjects

M Maroli

Publications and source records attributed to M Maroli.

88 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Leishmaniasis in Tuscany (Italy): (IV) An analysis of all recorded human cases.

Recent investigations on the distribution of human and canine leishmaniasis, and on the vectors and wild reservoirs of the disease in foci in Tuscany have stimulated a retrospective evaluation of human leishmaniasis of the whole region. From a study of the literature, of statistical reports (ISTAT) and of unpublished information, 77 cases of visceral leishmaniasis and 97 of cutaneous leishmaniasis have been analysed. From the case reports of both forms it appears that: (a) a higher incidence of cases occurred in restricted areas; (b) visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis have been hypoendemic in Tuscany since the years of the earlier reports (1933 and 1936, respectively); (c) the number of infantile visceral cases was much higher in the period from 1933 to 1955 (84.5% of subjects in the 0-10 years age group) than in the subsequent years, 1956-75 (50.0%). The possible significance of the infantile and adult forms of visceral leishmaniasis in Tuscany is discussed, and the local data are compared with those of other regions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Filariasis in foxes in the Province of Grosseto].

A total of 350 foxes were examined in Grosseto province (Tuscany) and 68 (19,4%) have been found positive for microfilariae. The examination for adult forms has been carried out on a restricted number of foxes; one specimen of Dirofilaria repens has been found. The distribution of parasitosis and the presence of mosquito species, as possible vectors, has been discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Leishmaniasis in Tuscany (Italy): (I) An investigation on phlebotomine sandflies in Grosseto Province.

A survey of phlebotomines has been made in the area of the Province of Grosseto (Tuscany, Italy) where human cases of both visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis have recently occurred. 12 collecting stations, placed around the leishmaniasis foci, were divided into three groups of localities, the Argentario Promontory, coastal plains territory and hilly inland territory. Sandflies were collected with lit and unlit oil traps, and by hand. A total of 11,032 specimens (57% males) were caught and identified. Of these, 86.6% were Phlebotomus perfiliewi, 10.8% P. perniciosus and 2.3% Sergentomyia minuta; only a few specimens were P. papatasi and P. mascittii. In the first group of localities, P. perniciosus was very abundant (87.8%) and S. minuta scarce (12.0%); in the second group, P. perfiliewi was the only species collected; in the third group, P. perfiliewi was very abundant (98.0%), S. minuta was vert scarce (1.1%) and P. perniciosus even more so (0.7%). P. perniciosus is thought to be the probable vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the area of the Monte Argentario and P. perfiliewi is strongly suspected of playing a role in transmission of the cutaneous form in the third group of localities. The species responsible for transmitting visceral leishmaniasis in some of the foci in this area is yet to be found.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Studies on Mediterranean leishmaniasis: V.A. preliminary epidemiological survey of human leishmaniasis in Tuscany.

Leishmanin skin testing was performed on 1,285 people in the Tuscany region of Italy. In a known endemic area for leishmaniasis there was an increasing positivity with age, while in another area the curve was bell-shaped suggesting an interruption of transmission in the recent past. In all areas the positivity rate for males was higher than for females, but it was not possible to distinguish between areas of cutaneous and visceral disease.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recrudescence of visceral leishmaniasis in Albania: retrospective analysis of cases during 1997 to 2001 and results of an entomological survey carried out during 2001 in some districts.

The epidemiological status of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Albania is almost unknown to international health organizations and to the scientific community. Results from a retrospective analysis of recent VL cases, and from an entomological survey carried out in summer 2001 are reported here. From January 1997 to December 2001, 867 parasitologically confirmed VL cases were recorded in 35 of 36 Albanian districts with an average of 173 cases/year and a cumulative morbidity of 2.8/10000 population. The temporal distribution of cases showed an increasing trend (from 144 to 209), indicating that cases have almost doubled during the past 10 years. A high proportion of the patients (67.6%) was children aged < 5 years. The entomological survey confirmed Phlebotomus neglectus as the probable vector, being the most abundant and widespread species. The increase in VL morbidity, 20-40-fold higher than in other southern European countries, could be attributed to increased susceptibility of infants to clinical disease or to variations in Leishmania infection associated with changes in canine reservoir and/or vector populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphological study of the larval spiracular system in eight Lutzomyia species (Diptera: Psychodidae).

The morphology of the spiracles of fourth instar larva in eight sandfly species were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Species studied were: Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva), L. ovallesi (Ortiz), L. youngi Feliciangeli & Murillo, L. evansi (Nuñez-Tovar), L. trinidadensis (Newstead), L. migonei (França), L. absonodonta Feliciangeli, and L. venezuelensis (Floch & Abonnenc). In larvae of all eight species both thoracic and abdominal spiracles are located at the top of a globular bulge. Their structure consists of a spiracular plate with a sclerotized central portion and a rose-like peripheral portion. The latter has circularly arranged papillae, separated from each other by elongated septa. Each papilla is longitudinally crossed by a fine cleft dividing it into two identical parts. The taxonomic and adaptative value of spiracular morphology is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in western Sicily (Italy) and preliminary survey of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae).

A survey of phlebotomine sandflies was carried out in two provinces of western Sicily (Italy), where 65 cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) had been diagnosed by the Dermatology Department of the University of Palermo, between 1977 and 1987. Eight collecting stations, distributed throughout the CL foci of the Agrigento and Palermo provinces produced a total of 2,410 specimens (12.78% males). Of these, 77.59% were Phlebotomus perfiliewi, 12.78% P. perniciosus, 0.74% P. major and 2.07% Sergentomyia minuta. P. perfiliewi, the probable vector of CL, was present in 7 out of the 8 collecting stations with very high densities in two localities.

Adolescent↗