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Biomedical subjects

M Marino

Publications and source records attributed to M Marino.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Malignancy-associated cellular markers (MAC) in oral and bronchial epithelial cells in sputum specimens: possible morphologic marker for high-risk groups (asbestos-exposed workers).

To verify a possible role of malignancy-associated cellular markers (MAC) in high-risk groups, the authors reviewed a total of 291 consecutive sputum specimens from 97 workers exposed to asbestos. The asbestos workers were matched according to smoking habits and cellular changes. Twelve subjects (12.3%) had MAC in epithelial cells; eight were smokers, four nonsmokers. Among MAC+ smokers, three sputum specimens contained cells of squamous metaplasia and one had cells from carcinoma in situ. Two MAC+ nonsmokers had cells of squamous metaplasia, too. In addition, MAC+ cells were also identified in four inflammatory samples, belonging either to smokers or nonsmokers. Two MAC+ subjects had a negative sputum specimen. In keeping with these results, the authors believe that MAC evaluation in sputum specimens might be of help in the oncologic follow-up of asbestos-exposed workers.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistological evidences of cortical and medullary differentiation in thymoma.

The phenotypical characteristics of human epithelial and lymphoid cells have been studied with immunohistochemical methods on frozen sections of 12 thymomas. On the basis of the cytohistological characteristics of thymoma epithelial cells (EC) the thymomas were divided in cortical, medullary and mixed types, according to recently developed light microscopical criteria. When tested with a series of monoclonal antibodies, thymoma EC were all stained by the antibody Ki-M3 (as in the thymus), but reacted with anti-HLA-DR, anti-HLA-A,B,C and with a new monoclonal antibody to cortical EC, 21A6, to a lesser extent and with weaker, variable intensity in comparison with the normal thymus. Cortical type thymomas were most reactive and the medullary type almost negative. Thymomas, like normal thymus showed different immunoreactivity patterns with antibodies to prekeratins of different specificities. Cortical type thymomas and areas in mixed thymoma showed an EC staining with the antibody to non-squamous type keratin (35 beta H11) whereas medullary type thymomas and areas showed staining with antibodies to squamous-type keratin (34 beta E12-IV/82) in addition. Lymphoid cells with cortical (OKT6+, Leu 1 weakly+, Leu 2a+, Leu 3a+) or mature medullary (OKT6-, Leu 1 strongly+, Leu 2a or Leu 3a+) phenotype were found to colonize tumours with different EC types. These immunohistochemical findings largely confirm our earlier cytological distinction of thymoma EC. In addition important differences have been observed in neoplastic cortical EC concerning the HLA-DR and 21A6 immunoreactivity that may be intimately related to the neoplastic process and paraneoplastic immune phenomena.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1985

Thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Relation of thymoma epithelial cells to the cortical and medullary differentiation of thymus.

Based on the light microscopical features of normal thymic epithelial cells, human thymoma was divided in different types, namely cortical, medullary, and mixed ones, according to the epithelial cell (EC) type. Lymphoid cell populations with morphological features of either cortical or medullary thymocytes were found according to different types of EC in thymoma. The histological variation of the different types of thymoma are demonstrated. In a retrospective study of 58 thymomas and 13 thymic carcinomas, malignant invasive character as well as the occurrence of myasthenia gravis were both found to be related to the neoplastic proliferation of the cortical epithelial cells, whereas in the usual mixed type of thymoma and the medullary type no gross invasion or metastases were noticed. These results are discussed in view of recent concepts and immunological findings of thymus microarchitecture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Intra-articular transfer of the iliotibial tract. Two to seven-year follow-up results.

A proximally based transfer of a composite structure of the iliotibial tract, its osseous insertion, the lateral retinaculum, and part of the vastus lateralis was used in 111 anterior cruciate-deficient knees that were followed for two to seven years. No other ligament procedures were performed simultaneously. The clinical results included a negative Lachman test in 81 per cent (ninety) of the knees, an anterior drawer test of 1+ or less in 84 per cent (ninety-three knees), and a negative pivot-shift sign in 94 per cent (104 knees). Subjectively, 74 per cent (eighty-two) of the knees were rated as excellent; 21 per cent (twenty-three), as good; and 5 per cent (six), as poor. A significant modification in surgical technique, consisting of a limited posterior dissection of the iliotibial band, yielded even better static stability than the original operation did. These results, sustained for as long as seven years, are consistent with the physiological aspects of this transfer. The surgical technique is reproducible and the immediate fixation of bone allows early motion of the knee and reasonable rehabilitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Brain ascorbic acid and block of the catecholamine synthesis induced by alpha-methyl-tyrosine.

In brain medial-basal areas (midbrain, hypothalamus, striatum) ascorbic acid (AA) content is lower than in the rest of the brain. It has been hypothesized that AA may be involved in brain catecholamine metabolism. To test this hypothesis AA content in medial-basal areas and in the remaining brain areas was measured in rats pretreated with alpha-methyl-paratyrosine (alpha-MpT), a tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor. The AA content, in brain medial-basal areas, had slightly decreased, without statistically significant differences, in rats treated with alpha-MpT in comparison with untreated animals. Therefore the role of AA in brain metabolism is not clear to.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Electrophoresis of liver proteins from the rat under various physiological conditions].

The total protein and glycoprotein in electrophoretic patterns of rat liver endoplasmic reticulum we studied in peculiar physiological conditions as perinatal development, pregnancy and liver rigeneration. Previous work in these experimental systems showed a changed microsome lipid composition and modified activities of some ER membrane bound enzymes. The microsomes obtained from foetal and neonatal liver show a modified electrophoretic pattern of both total protein and glycoprotein of low weight with respect to the adult animal. As to the microsomes of 8h and 12h regenerating liver modifications are observed only in the pattern of glycoprotein in the molecular weight range.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical and cytogenetic staging of chronic myeloid leukemia. Philadelphia positive].

A cooperative study between clinical and cytogenetic steps in 44 patients with Ph'+ CGL is reported in order to verific the usefulness of the cytogenetic screening for the diagnosis and the right classification of the patients. The study of the clinical steps is carried out on the basis of the parameters suggested by Tura and coll.; in the one of the cytogenetic steps Sandberg classification modified by the Authors is adopted. In 40 cases the comparison shows a marrow correspondence between clinical and cytogenetic steps. In fact the overage survival in the classical true steps of the disease is almost the sance in the 1st and 2nd step. In the 3rd step the survival is strongly reduced meaning that the more chromosome alterations are observed the more survival is reduced.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

New fluorochromes, compatible with high wavelength excitation, for flow cytometric analysis of cellular nucleic acids.

The spectroscopic properties of three new dyes, EK4, VL772, and LL585, free and bound to nucleic acids, are presented, with particular emphasis on their potential use in flow cytometry. Two of these dyes, EK4 and LL585, exhibit red fluorescence, while dye VL772 exhibits yellow fluorescence. Dye LL585 exhibits specificity for DNA, relative to RNA, and a marked enhancement of fluorescence efficiency upon binding to DNA, needed for a red fluorescent DNA-specific stain for flow cytometry. The dye penetrates live cells, although uniformity of nuclear fluorescence, as evidenced by DNA flow histograms, is better if the cells are first permeabilized with Triton X-100. Dye VL772 exhibits yellow fluorescence and little DNA-RNA discrimination, but may prove useful in conjunction with dye LL585 when simultaneous assay of cellular RNA and DNA is desired. Dye EK4 shares properties of the other two dyes but fluoresces with much less efficiency. Dyes LL585 and VL772, used singly, as a pair, or in combination with blue-fluorescing DNA specific dyes, such as bisbenzimidazole derivatives, should permit new, convenient analyses of the content and organization of cellular nucleic acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Profiling swimmers.

Don Schollander's world and Olympic record of 4:12.2 in the 1964 Olympics for the 400 meter freestyle would have placed him third in the 1976 games, in the women's race! Johnny Weissmuller's time for the 100 yard freestyle was 51 seconds. Today, it is swum in 41 seconds. Improved conditioning techniques and stroke mechanics have benefitted today's swimmers. Formal and highly organized age group swimming has given more children the opportunity to train, in addition to enhancing the process of natural selection. Research into the effects of swim training has generated more efficient turns, starts, and stroke mechanics based on biomechanical principles. Aerobic and anaerobic testing, muscle biopsy, and advanced strength measuring devices have identified the need for specificity in training sessions, which are based upon stroke and event. Coaches can no longer rely on the combination of talent and hard work to guarantee success but must prescribe individualized training programs based upon sound physiological principles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Muscle strength and fiber typing.

The authors discuss fiber typing and morphologic changes resulting from training and how these affect athletic performance. Also considered is the concept of strength, its measurement and development, and how strength affects athletic performance, activity, and injury.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1983

[Glycosylated hemoglobin in experimental streptozotocin diabetes].

Streptozotocin (Stz) diabetes was induced in rats to study the changes in glycosylated hemoglobin. An increase of glycosylated hemoglobin had been found since the first days of the experiment. These results suggest that such a model may be used for the study of changes of glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Glycosylated hemoglobin and raubasine in experimental streptozotocin diabetes].

Streptozotocin (Stz) diabetes was induced to study the changes of glycosylated hemoglobin in rats treated with raubasina (R), drug widely used in the vascular compliance of natural human diabetes. Raubasina reduced significantly the increase of glycosylated hemoglobin found in streptozotocin induced diabetes. These results support data obtained in clinical trials.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Human thymoma: immunologic characteristics of the lymphocytic component.

Several immunologic parameters were investigated in the lymphocytic component of ten thymomas, characterized by a variable degree of lymphocytic infiltration. The majority of thymoma lymphocytes are T-cell in nature, as are lymphocytes from the normal thymus. Lymphocytes from six thymomas with moderate or predominant lymphocytic infiltrates were capable of forming stable E-rosettes, (mean percentage +/- SD: 78.0 +/- 5.2); binding peanut agglutinin (67.3 +/- 8.6); and exhibiting receptors for the Fc-portion of IgM (21.8 +/- 6.0) at percentages that were close to those found in the normal thymus. On the other hand, lower numbers of stable E-rosetting cells (26.8 +/- 8.7), PNA-positive cells (27.5 +/- 12.4), and remarkably higher percentages of cells with receptors for IgM (54.0 +/- 4.2) were demonstrated by the lymphocytic population of four thymomas with scant lymphocyte components. In addition, lymphocytes from tumors with scant lymphocyte components show a higher proliferative response to phytomitogen (PHA), therefore exhibiting immunologic features comparable to those of the more mature pool of normal medullary thymocytes. The observed immunologic similarities between the populations of lymphocytes from thymomas and from the normal thymus gland suggest an exclusively epithelial origin of the thymoma.

Adult↗