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Biomedical subjects

M Margolis

Publications and source records attributed to M Margolis.

60 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Two helping alliance methods for predicting outcomes of psychotherapy. A counting signs vs. a global rating method.

This paper reports on the development of measures of helping alliances in psychotherapy, i.e., the patient's experience of the treatment or relationship with the therapist as helpful, or potentially helpful. The helping alliance counting signs measure, which is the special focus of this paper, entails the counting of certain types of patient statements (signs) which are identified in a manual. The main findings were: a) these types of statements were found to be "scorable" with moderate interjudge agreement; b) scores based on the manual showed moderate agreement with a similar helping alliance manual based upon global ratings; c) scores were fairly to moderately consistent from early to late in treatment; d) scores predicted outcome significantly, e.g., early positive signs of helping alliance correlated .57 (p less than .01) with rated benefits, and .59 (p less than .01) with change in the first target complaint (Battle, C., Imber, S., Hoehn-Saric, R., et al. Target complaints as criteria of improvement. Am. J. Psychother., 20: 184-192, 1966); and e) basic background similarities between patient and therapist, such as in age and religious activity, attained highest correlations with the helping alliance measure, e.g., the sum of 10 similarities correlated .60 (p less than .01) with early positive helping alliance counting signs.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Analgesics and asthma.

Aspirin and many other analgesics may be hazardous for some patients with asthma. These patients, numbering approximately 10% to 15% of all asthmatics, have a clinical course that has been well characterized. The diagnosis is usually made from the history, but sometimes it requires analgesic challenge tests. The pathogenesis remains controversial. It appears that the analgesics responsible for the syndrome inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, and this action in turn causes the release of potent bronchoconstrictors such as SRS-A, histamine, or kinins. Usually, recognition of the syndrome and careful avoidance of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors in affected patients are the two steps needed for effective management. Persistent symptoms, however, may require aminophylline, corticosteroids, and disodium cromoglycate as well. Recent developments may allow these patients to use substituted aspirin analogues or even aspirin itself under certain conditions. Further investigation of the prostaglandins may promote a better understanding of asthma.

Alprostadil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression and role of integrins in adhesion of human colonic carcinoma cells to extracellular matrix components.

We have examined integrin expression and function in the human colon carcinoma cell line HT29, and in clonal sublines derived from the HT29 line. These cells express several different integrin subunits including beta 1, alpha 2, 3, 6 and alpha v, but do not express the classic alpha 5/beta 1 fibronectin receptor. Clonal variation in the pattern of integrin expression was quite limited. The profile of integrin expression correlates well with the adhesive behavior of HT29 cells. Thus the cells adhere well to vitronectin, laminin and type IV collagen, but not at all to fibronectin. Adhesion to collagen was completely blocked by an anti-beta 1 monoclonal antibody, indicating that beta 1 integrins mediate this process. Adhesion to laminin was strongly blocked by anti-beta 1 monoclonal or anti-beta 6 monoclonal, suggesting that the alpha 6/beta 1 complex functions in attachment to laminin; this was somewhat surprising since immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that most of the alpha 6 subunit seems to be associated with the beta 4 subunit. Despite their strong adherence to laminin, collagen and vitronectin, HT29 cells are not very motile and, in response to gradients of these proteins, do not migrate nearly as well as CHO cells tested under similar conditions. Since HT29 cells can undergo an enterocyte-like differentiation in glucose-free medium, we compared integrin expression in HT29 and its subclones during the process of differentiation. There was no correlation between the state of differentiation, as assessed by expression of brush-border hydrolases, and the level of expression of any of the integrin subunits measured. Thus the pattern of integrin expression in these colonic tumor cells seems to be a characteristic of the cell line, and is not readily modified by changes in cell growth or differentiation.

Carcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic vs. open intraoperative ultrasound examination of the liver: A controlled study.

A prospective study was undertaken to determine whether the use of laparoscopy plus laparoscopic ultrasound examination can avoid unnecessary laparotomy, without missing potentially curable disease, in patients scheduled for curative liver surgery. Thirty-one consecutive patients who underwent surgery for planned curative liver surgery were prospectively evaluated by means of both laparoscopy plus laparoscopic ultrasound and laparotomy with intraoperative ultrasound. Laparoscopic ultrasound examination of the liver could not be performed in two patients, and in two other patients only partial examinations were possible because of dense adhesions. All patients underwent laparotomy with intraoperative ultrasound. A total of 50 malignant lesions were identified by laparoscopic ultrasound. All of these lesions were confirmed to be malignant at laparotomy with intraoperative ultrasound, that is, there were no false positive results. An additional four malignant lesions in four patients were not seen at laparoscopic ultrasound examination but were identified at laparotomy with intraoperative ultrasound (sensitivity 93%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 85%). Based on the laparoscopic ultrasound findings, nontherapeutic laparotomy could have been avoided in 10% of our patients. Laparoscopy with laparoscopic ultrasound is a promising technology that may allow some patients to avoid a nontherapeutic laparotomy without significant risk of missing potentially curable disease.

Humans↗