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Biomedical subjects

M Maier

Publications and source records attributed to M Maier.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood: importance of sex as a prognostic factor (author's transl)].

In order to appreciate their prognostic value in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) of childhood, the main initial clinical and biological features have been analysed in 63 patients. In all cases, follow-up was longer than 3 years; in 43 it was longer than 5 years. The survival rate in first remission was 52% after 3 years and 30% after 5 years. No relapse was observed after 5 years. In this series, the presence of very high leukocyte count (less than 30 x 10 9/l or 30,000/mm3) and sex were the only significant prognostic factors. A poorer prognosis of ALL was indeed present in boys. The sex-related difference is independent from other prognostic factors and may require special attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hereditary nephritis associated with May-Hegglin anomaly.

Hereditary nephritis associated with hematologic abnormalities seems to be an exceptional occurrence. We have observed a family which nephritis was combined with May-Hegglin anomaly. A girl and her father suffered from proteinuria; a paternal uncle received kidney graft; a paternal grand aunt died on periodic hemodialysis. The girl, the father and the uncle presented macrothrombocytopenia (40-100 X 10(9)/l, size 4-8 mum) with prolonged bleeding time (which precluded renal biopsy) and cytoplasmic inclusions in neutrophils (Döhle bodies). These hematologic abnormalities characterize the May-Hegglin anomaly. This kind of association has not been reported so far.

Bleeding Time↗
PubMed1981

The effect of hemorrhagic hypotension on urinary kallikrein excretion, renin activity, and renal cortical blood flow in the pig.

We measured urinary kallikrein by its esterolytic and kinin-forming activity in 5-minute urine samples obtained throughout continuous bleeding experiments in pigs to correlate possible changes in urinary kallikrein excretion during hemorrhagic hypotension with resin activity and renal cortical blood flow. Renin activity was determined in venous blood samples and renal cortical blood flow was estimated by the radiolabeled microsphere technique. The rate of urinary kallikrein excretion was increased about 4-fold within an arterial pressure range of 100-70 mm Hg, whereas below 70 mm Hg, arterial pressure urinary kallikrein activity declined to undetectable values. Renin activity was increased only 2-fold in the arterial pressure range between 100 and 70 mm Hg but was increased 4-fold at pressures below 70 mm Hg. The pressure range of 100 to 70 mm Hg corresponded to the autoregulation of renal cortical blood flow and glomerular filtration rate; below that pressure range, renal cortical blood flow dropped to about 10% of the initial value. Therefore, it seems that urinary kallikrein is activated mainly during the period of autoregulation, whereas renin activity is, in the main, increased below the autoregulatory range of pressure. The vasodilatory urinary kallikrein kinin system might be involved in maintaining sufficient local blood flow during autoregulation whereas a decrease in blood pressure below the autoregulatory range leads to a major increase in renin activity, thus illustrating the attempt of the organism to reestablish sufficient blood pressure to maintain autoregulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Application of hydrophobic interaction chromatography for purification of pig urinary kallikrein. Characterization of the enzyme and its antibody.

Pig urinary kallikrein was purified following its kinin-generating activity as well as its esterase activity on N alpha-benzoyl-L-arginine ethyl ether (BZArgOEt). The isolation procedure, based on hydrophobic interaction chromatography on octyl-Sepharose and affinity chromatography on aprotinin-Sepharose resulted in a 2 500- to 3 000-fold purified enzyme with a yield of 6%. The preparation was homogenous on alkaline polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and exhibited a single polypeptide chain in dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis upon reduction and alkylation corresponding to a molecular weight of 47 000. Isoelectric focusing in flat bed polyacrylamide gels revealed one stained band and one coinciding symmetrical peak of activities which could be eluted between pH 3.6 and pH 4.1 from a replica gel. Monospecific antibodies could be raised in a rabbit and kinetic studies for kinin-generating activity and esterolytic activity (substrate BZArgOEt) of the enzyme as well as for antibody-induced inhibition of the enzyme were performed. The antibody inhibited the antigen via a competitive mechanism near or at the active site of the enzyme.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[The system Hemalog D in paediatrics (author's transl)].

The Hemalog D was studied at the Childrens' Hospital to examine its performance in paediatrics. All the subjects studied were children with non-hematologic diseases; both venous and capillary blood samples were taken. The differential was performed in parallel by the Hemalog D and the technicians of the Hematology Laboratory. There was an excellent correlation between the two methods for neutrophils and lymphocytes, a good correlation for eosinophils and a weaker correlation for monocytes and basophils. No difficulties were encountered during the course of the study. It must be noted, however that capillary samples caused a Low Rate alarm to be registered.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Differentiation of primary and secondary fibroblasts in cell culture systems.

As a function of the advancing development of Valo chicken, C3H mice, BN rats, and man in the embryonic, juvenile, adolescent, and senescent phases, stem cells and fibroblasts in the connective tissues of skin and lung differentiate along an 11-stage differentiation sequence in five compartments of the fibroblast stem cell system, when studied in primary ex vivo-in vitro systems. In the fibroblast stem cell system, three stem cells develop in the stem cell compartment along the cell lineage S1-S2-S3, three mitotic fibroblasts (MF) differentiate along the sequence MF I-MF II-MF III in the fibroblast progenitor compartment, three postmitotic fibroblasts (PMF) proceed in the fibroblast maturing compartment along the row PMF IV-PMF V-PMF VI. PMF VI is the terminally differentiated end cell of the fibroblast stem cell system. After a species- and tissue-specific period of high metabolic activity, PMF VI either dies as PMF VIIa in the fibroblast apoptosis compartment or transforms as PMF VIIb in the fibroblast transforming compartment. The reiterated appearance of the 11 cell types in primary stem cell and fibroblast populations and the reiterated age-related changes in the cell type composition of the primary stem cell and fibroblast populations make it very likely that stem cell, mitotic and postmitotic fibroblast equivalents exist in vivo and that age-related changes of the frequencies of the stem cell and fibroblast equivalents result from the progressing differentiation of stem cell, mitotic, and postmitotic fibroblast equivalents along the 11 stage differentiation sequence in the fibroblast equivalent stem cell system in vivo. Secondary fibroblast populations derived from connective tissue of prenatal and postnatal skin of Valo chicken, C3H mice, BN rats, and man, including the normal embryonic human lung fibroblast cell line WI38, were also found to develop along a terminal stem cell sequence. Thus, secondary fibroblast populations in vitro constitute a representative material for studies of general and special issues of cell biology, such as terminal differentiation, aging, apoptosis, and transformation, as long as stem cell system-specific concepts and methods are employed in such investigations.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analgesic effect of low energy extracorporeal shock waves in tendinosis calcarea, epicondylitis humeri radialis and plantar fasciitis].

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Is there a pain reduction at the application site after extracorporeal shockwave application for tendinitis calcarea, epicondylitis radialis and plantar fasziitis? METHODS: In a prospective study 85 patients were observed. Shockwave application was performed three or five times using low energies (0.09-0.18 ml/mm2). Before and after shockwave application pain was evaluated using SF-36 score and Visual Analog Scale (VAS). RESULTS: After 5 months for all three indications a significant improvement of the pain situation could be reached. Patients with plantar fasziitis demonstrated the highest decrease of pain, followed by tendinosis calcarea and epicondylitis radialis. The number of applications had no influence to the clinical result of the ESWT. RELEVANCE: In the present study the analgetic effect of ESWT after repeated low-energy application was described for the standard indications.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Musculoskeletal shock wave therapy--current database of clinical research].

During the past decade application of extracorporal shock waves became an established procedure for the treatment of various musculoskeletal diseases in Germany. Up to now the positive results of prospective randomised controlled trials have been published for the treatment of plantar fasciitis, lateral elbow epicondylitis (tennis elbow), and of calcifying tendinitis of the rotator cuff. Most recently, contradicting results of prospective randomised placebo-controlled trials with adequate sample size calculation have been reported. The goal of this review is to present information about the current clinical database on extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT).

Calcinosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Extracorporeal shock waves induce ventral-periosteal new bone formation out of the focus zone--results of an in-vivo animal trial].

AIM: It is known that high-energy extracorporeal shock waves, focussed to the intact distal rabbit femur, induce periosteal new bone formation within the focus zone. This study was done to investigate whether there is additionally new bone formation outside of the focus zone, i. e., in the proximal femur, 10 days after shock wave application to the distal rabbit femur. METHOD: 18 adult Chinchilla-Bastard rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (A, B, C; each n = 6). One distal femur of each animal was focussed for shock wave application with different positive energy flux densities (A 1.2 mJ/mm (2), B 0.9 mJ/mm (2), C sham treatment). Only the proximal femur outside the shock wave focus was investigated. Here periosteal new bone formation was evaluated by fluorescent labelling. The maximum thickness was measured by means of computer-assisted image analysis. RESULTS: Maximum ventral-periosteal new bone formation outside the shock wave focus was significantly increased in group A compared to group B (p = 0.007) or group C (p = 0.001). In contrast, the maximum ventral-periosteal new bone formation outside the shock wave focus demonstrated no statistically significant difference in group B compared to group C (p = 1.0). CONCLUSION: Depending from the amount of positive energy flux density applied to distal rabbit femur a significantly increased ventral-periosteal new bone formation results in the proximal rabbit femur outside the shock wave focus.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mineral analysis of roentgenologically defined calcifications in patients with chronic calcifying tendinitis of the rotator cuff].

AIM: Extracorporeal shockwave application (ESWA) is in clinical use to promote disintegration of symptomatic calcifications of the rotator cuff of the shoulder. However, disintegration of roentgenologically comparable calcifications of the rotator cuff is not always successfull. It is known from urologic stone lithotripsy that the susceptibility for disintegration of stone-like concrements depends on their mineral content. Therefore, in the present investigation the relative contents of calcium and phosphorus in rotator cuff calcifications were determined. METHOD: 39 surgically removed rotator cuff calcifications were analyzed by means of atomic emission spectrometry. RESULTS: The relative content of calcium of the rotator cuff calcifications was found to be 22.3 % +/- 5.7 % (mean +/- SD; 6.8 % - 32.4 %), that of phosphorus as 10.5 % +/- 2.4 % (2.7 % - 14.4 %). The data neither depend on the gender of the patients nor on their age at the time point of surgical removal of the rotator cuff calcifications. CONCLUSION: Roentgenologically comparable calcifications of the rotator cuff demonstrated distinct individual differences concerning the relative contents of calcium and phosphorus. The present results may serve as the first indication that the susceptibility of rotator cuff calcifications for disintegration may depend on their relative contents of calcium and phosphorus.

Adult↗