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Biomedical subjects

M Maeyama

Publications and source records attributed to M Maeyama.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Fetal blood velocity waveforms in uncomplicated pregnancy.

Umbilical artery velocity waves were measured in fetuses from 94 normal pregnant women. In all, 183 determinations were carried out from the 14th to the 40th week of gestation. A combination of pulsed echo and real-time scanning was used to obtain blood waveforms from the umbilical arteries. The umbilical artery velocity wave can be readily differentiated from other fetal signals by its pattern. The systolic peak of the velocity wave was divided by the end diastolic value, thereby giving an S/D ratio. The S/D ratio in normal pregnancy declined from 7.6 to 2.0 from 14 to 40 weeks. Analysis of these waveforms indicated that the placenta is an organ of low vascular resistance and that placental resistance to blood flow declines with advancing gestational age in normal pregnancy. The umbilical artery S/D ratio provides a new and non-invasive marker of fetoplacental blood flow resistance.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1986

Immunological studies of human endometrium--suppression of lymphocyte mitogenesis by endometrial extract.

Immunoregulatory activity that suppresses lymphocyte mitogenesis was demonstrated in human secretory endometrial extracts (SEE). SEE markedly suppressed 3H-thymidine (3H-TdR) incorporation by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes compared with myometrial extracts from the same donors. SEE-induced inhibition of lymphocyte response to PHA was significantly (p less than 0.01) greater than that in cultures containing proliferative endometrial extracts at equivalent concentrations. SEE inhibited PHA- and ConA-stimulated cultures much better than PWM cultures, suggesting that it suppressed mitogen stimulation of T cells, but probably not B cells. Investigation of the kinetics of SEE-mediated suppression revealed that it was effective in inhibiting the initial activation processes of T-cell mitogenesis. Preincubation of lymphocytes with SEE followed by washing prevented inhibition of PHA-stimulated proliferation, indicating that the inhibitory effect of SEE might be reversible. The results are discussed with respect to a possible role of the inhibitory factor(s) in SEE in facilitating the implantation process of fetal allograft.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1986

Clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma arising in a endometriotic cyst of the ovary.

A case of two tumors arising in an endometriotic cyst of the ovary is described. These two tumors are macroscopically polypous and are histologically a clear cell carcinoma and an endometrioid carcinoma, respectively. This is a rare neoplasm and its existence supports the general opinion that clear cell carcinoma and endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary are both müllerian in origin.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical studies of 145 cases of endometrial carcinoma--analysis of prognostic factors, especially pathological types].

One hundred and forty-five patients with confirmed endometrial carcinoma treated at Kumamoto University Hospital were studied from the clinicopathological point of view. As risk factors, the incidence of high age, postmenopause, atypical genital bleeding, sterility, nulliparity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity was showed to be high. These factors may be expected to assist in screening for early diagnosis by using each factor or combination of factors. As prognostic factors, we examined the relationship between stage, depth of myometrial invasion, histological grade, histological type and survival rate. The stage was shown to be a most important predicator of survival. The depth of myometrial invasion and the histological grade closely correlated with the stage. The relationship between the histological subtype, especially papillary serous carcinoma (PSC) and prognosis, was investigated in our series of studies. PSC found in an incidence of 9.4% had a relatively poor prognosis compared with endometrioid carcinoma. Its 5-year survival rate was only 30%. Because PSC has a potential for aggressive invasion and rapid metastasis as compared to endometrioid carcinoma, careful histological examination and aggressive treatment are warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Significance of angiotensin sensitivity test for prediction of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

In 48 normotensive women with epidemiologic high-risk factors for pregnancy-induced hypertension, the angiotensin sensitivity test was performed serially between 26 and 32 weeks of gestation. If an effective pressor dose of less than 12 ng/kg per minute was considered to be a positive test result, 20 subjects were positive at 30 weeks of gestation and destined to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension. Of ten subjects with a false-positive test result, seven patients developed proteinuria and/or clinically significant edema without apparent hypertension, and only three subjects remained normal throughout their pregnancy. Twenty-eight subjects with negative test results had uneventful pregnancies. Before 30 weeks' gestation, it was difficult to identify all patients destined for pregnancy-induced hypertension. Although high false-positive test results were detected, these results suggest that an angiotensin sensitivity test at 30 weeks' gestation represents an appropriate means of identifying women who remain normal throughout pregnancy. Careful follow-up should be undertaken in all patients with positive test results.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of calcium supplementation on the vascular sensitivity to angiotensin II in pregnant women.

Pregnant women destined to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension lose refractoriness to the pressor effects of infused angiotensin II. The effect of calcium supplementation on the vascular sensitivity to angiotensin II was investigated in pregnant women. We administered orally 600 mg of calcium L-aspartate daily to 22 pregnant women from 20 weeks of gestation to delivery. The values for the effective pressor dose of angiotensin II in the calcium-supplemented women were compared with those in 72 nonsupplemented pregnant women. The vascular sensitivity was significantly decreased after calcium supplementation. The values for the effective pressor dose of angiotensin II in the calcium-supplemented patients were 18.1 +/- 1.2 ng/kg/min at 20 weeks of gestation, 32.2 +/- 2.6 ng/kg/min at the twenty-sixth week, 41.1 +/- 3.4 ng/kg/min at the thirtieth week, and 25.9 +/- 2.9 ng/kg/min at the thirty-sixth week (mean +/- SEM), while those in the nonsupplemented patients were 17.3 +/- 1.2, 17.7 +/- 1.6, 17.6 +/- 1.2, and 15.0 +/- 1.6 ng/kg/min, respectively. Assessment of the changes in the effective pressor dose of angiotensin II in the individual patients indicated that the percentile changes from 20 weeks of gestation in the calcium-supplemented patients were also significantly greater than those in 22 nonsupplemented patients. These findings suggest that calcium supplementation tends to reduce the vascular sensitivity in pregnancy. The present dosage of calcium did not affect the blood chemical parameters and did not reduce the blood pressure. The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in the calcium-supplemented patients was 4.5%, which was smaller than that (21.2%) in the nonsupplemented patients. Although there is no clear explanation of the mechanisms involved in such an effect of calcium, the present results do provide evidence to support the idea that oral calcium intake can prevent the onset of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Activities of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase in the human endometrium: relative distribution in isolated glands and stroma.

The activities of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase were studied in endometrial samples obtained from 51 premenopausal women during the menstrual cycle. The total activities of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase and the activity of the active form of glycogen phosphorylase increased gradually from the proliferative phase to the secretory phase and reached a maximum during the midsecretory phase, while the activity of the active form of glycogen synthetase increased slightly. In 30 of the 51 women, the relative distribution of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase activities in isolated glands and stromal cells was determined following collagenase digestion of the endometrial specimens. The results indicated that the activities of the active form of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase in the isolated glands during the secretory phase were more than threefold and twofold, respectively, greater than those present in the isolated stromal cells and that the levels of these enzymes in the glands and stromal cells changed in parallel with those in the undissociated endometrium observed during the menstrual cycle. In addition, histochemical studies revealed the presence of glycogen phosphorylase activity in both the glands and the stromal cells, whereas the glycogen synthetase activity was present only in the glands. These findings suggest that the stromal cells of the human endometrium as well as the glands may play an important role in the nutrition of the implanting blastocyst.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1985

[The effects of dopamine on the release of immunoreactive beta-endorphin-like peptide from the dispersed cells of the rat neurointermediate lobe].

The intermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland is a homogeneous population of cells which synthesize and secrete various peptides related to ACTH and lipotropin derived from a common precursor, proopiomelanocortin. Catecholamine beta-receptor (beta-adrenoceptor) and dopamine receptor which are present in the intact cells of the intermediate lobe, remain functional in the enzymatically dispersed cells. In this study we investigated the mechanism by which beta-endorphin is released from the dispersed cells of the neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland. 1-Isoproterenol stimulated the release of immunoreactive beta-endorphin-like peptide (IR-beta-Ep) and the accumulation of adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP). On the other hand, dopaminergic drugs, apomorphine, bromocriptine, dopamine, lergotrile and lisuride, decreased the rate of release of IR-beta-Ep. Dopamine also inhibited the stimulatory effects of 1-isoproterenol on the release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation. Dopamine antagonists, fluphenazine and sulpiride, diminished the inhibitory effects of dopamine on the release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation which were stimulated by 1-isoproterenol. it has been reported that cholera toxin enhanced the release of IR-beta-Ep and the accumulation of cAMP in the rat neurointermediate lobe. After preincubation in the incubation medium containing 30 nM cholera toxin for 2 hours, the cells (CT cells) showed spontaneous release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation. 1-Isoproterenol had no effect on the release of IR-beta-Ep and cAMP accumulation in CT cells. Dopamine, however, inhibited both the release of IR-beta-Ep from CT cells and cAMP accumulation in CT cells. These results suggest that dopamine may be involved in the regulatory mechanism of IR-beta-Ep release from the dispersed cells of the rat neurointermediate lobe.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Placental plasminogen activator activity in pre-eclampsia.

Plasminogen activator is one of the principal enzymes involved in the fibrinolytic system. The plasminogen activator activity in placental tissue was examined using a chromogenic substrate in 9 patients with pre-eclampsia and in 9 women with uncomplicated pregnancy, who were delivered between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation. In the patients with pre-eclampsia, the plasminogen activator activity was significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased compared with that in the control group of normal pregnant women. The present findings suggest a decreased fibrinolytic activity in the placental tissue of pre-eclamptic patients, which is responsible for fibrin deposition in the placental tissue and may contribute to placental ischemia and insufficiency in pre-eclampsia.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A case of eclampsia during the 18th week of gestation.

We report a rare case of eclampsia which occurred during the 18th gestational week in the absence of hydatidiform disease or Rh isoimmunization. In spite of extensive examinations during pregnancy and postpartum, we were unable to find any underlying disease, and the patient returned to being normotensive and non-proteinuric postpartum.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A case of verrucous carcinoma of the uterine cervix: clinical, light, and electron microscopic, and immunohistological observations.

A case of verrucous carcinoma of the uterine cervix in a 67-year-old patient is reported. On transmission electron microscopy, virus-like particles with a diameter of 45 to 55 nm were found in the nuclei of koilocytotic cells. However, human papilloma virus antigen could not be detected by immunohistochemistry, using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Involvement of calcium in the release of immunoreactive beta-endorphin-like peptide from dispersed cells of the neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland.

The presence of Ca2+ in the incubation medium was required for stimulation of the release of the immunoreactive beta-endorphin-like peptide (IR-beta-EP) from the dispersed cells of the neurointermediate lobe of rat pituitary gland by adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) analogs, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, L-isoproterenol, cholera toxin and forskolin. The basal release observed in the absence of the stimulants was also dependent on the addition of Ca2+. A calcium antagonist (verapamil) inhibited the effects of the stimulants. A calcium ionophore (A23187) enhanced the release of IR-beta-EP, but did not stimulate the formation of cAMP. These findings suggest that Ca2+ has the essential role in the release of beta-endorphin from the neurointermediate lobe of rat pituitary gland.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1985

Treatment with danazol of ureteral obstruction caused by endometriosis.

A case of unilateral ureteral obstruction in extensive endometriosis in a 21-year-old patient is reported. The present patient received danazol therapy following conservative surgery, and restoration of the renal function was achieved 5 months after initiation of the danazol administration.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A case of primary ovarian pregnancy.

This report describes a 40-year-old woman with primary ovarian pregnancy which was mistaken clinically and grossly for germ cell tumor of the ovary, since it was associated with a high level of serum alpha-fetoprotein (278 ng/ml) and with excretion of urinary hCG (1 000 IU/l). The ovarian mass measured 10 X 10 X 11 cm, and weighed 215 g. Total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed. The bisected specimen revealed a centrally located macerated fetus with a crown - rump length of 3.5 cm.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Exfoliative cytology of mixed mesodermal tumors of the uterus--review of cytologic smears sampled prior to therapy].

Nine cases of mixed mesodermal tumor of the uterus were reviewed cytologically. Abnormal cytologic findings were seen in all cases, but malignant cells were detected in only 17 of 30 cytologic smears sampled prior to the therapy (2 of 7 pool smears, 2 of 3 portio rubbing-smears, 6 of 8 endocervical smears and 7 of 12 tumor-rubbing smears). The most commonly encountered cellular components were epithelial malignant cells which showed a close resemblance to those derived from uterine carcinomas, but tended to have multiple nuclei. In other cytologic components, a rhabdomyosarcoma was characterized by large, isolated, round or strap-shaped malignant cells with granular cytoplasms, bizarre and eccentric nuclei and one or more prominent nucleoli. Another infrequent cellular component was a fibrogenic sarcomatous cell which had an illdefined lacy cytoplasm and single or multiple nuclei containing rather finely granular chromatin, and occasionally formed a cluster. In several cytologic specimens, there were also seen multinucleated giant cells which were not in keeping with their histologic origins.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

In vivo and in vitro studies on the production of placental proteins (human chorionic gonadotropin, human placental lactogen, and pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein) in an adrenal choriocarcinoma.

The ectopic production of placental proteins (human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG], human placental lactogen, and pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein) by an adrenal choriocarcinoma was investigated experimentally in vivo and in vitro. By an immunohistochemical method, the choriocarcinoma tissues obtained from the right adrenalectomy were found to react with hCG, human placental lactogen, and pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein antibodies. The concentrations of hCG-beta, human placental lactogen, and pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein in the tumor fluid were 1480, 100, and 47 ng/mL, respectively. On incubation of the tumor slices in vitro, the concentration of hCG-beta in the incubation medium increased markedly with time. Serial sections of the removed uterus and right ovary did not reveal any primary trophoblastic lesions. The present tumor responded well to double chemotherapy with actinomycin D and methotrexate, resulting in a decrease of the level of serum hCG-beta to less than 10 ng/mL after four courses of the chemotherapy.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Extremely low-birth-weight infant with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus: surgical procedure and recognition by sonography].

In two infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with birth-weight of less than 1,000 g, serial cranial real-time sonograms were obtained to determine the subependymal germinal matrix hemorrhage and follow up the post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus, compared with computerized tomographic scan. This paper reports the results of the placement of a subcutaneous ventricular reservoir in these extremely low-birth-weight infants to resolve progressive post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus and protect their cortical mantle until their risks of ventriculo-peritoneal shunting procedure are acceptable. In these infants, the hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure were controlled and following shunting procedure after their medical and anesthetic problems resolved.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗