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Biomedical subjects

M Maas

Publications and source records attributed to M Maas.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The cystic form of rheumatoid arthritis.

A non-erosive form of rheumatoid arthritis (R.A.) was found in 62 patients out of 660 patients with R.A. These 62 patients exhibit slowly progressive cystic changes in about the same joints in which usually erosions develop in classic R.A. The E.S.R. is often low, half of the patients remained seronegative and there are 35 males and 27 females in the group. A smaller group of 15 out of these patients could be followed from a stage wherein the radiographs were normal to a stage of extensive cystic changes, over a period of at least 6 years. An attempt is made to delineate this group within the Rheumatoid arthritis disease entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Management of patients with Alzheimer's disease in long-term care facilities.

The care of residents with AD in long-term care facilities presents a number of challenges to nursing staff. The institutionalized person with AD displays a number of behaviors that are difficult to manage on traditional, integrated nursing units. In these units, behaviors such as wandering and falling are often managed by chemical and physical restraints. Multiple, complex stimuli, common on integrated units, contribute to the confusion and disorientation experienced by residents with AD. An alternative setting, the special-care unit designed specifically to meet the needs of residents with AD, has been described. Special-care units modify the environment of the traditional nursing unit to promote the safety of demented residents. The units are an attempt to reduce or control the amount of sensory stimulation in order to prevent catastrophic behaviors in the residents and maximize patient functioning. Staff on special-care units are selected specifically for their commitment to the unique care demands required by residents with AD. Ordinarily, staff in long-term care settings need specialized education to provide this care. A research project designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a special-care unit was also described. This research is valuable to residents with AD, their families, managers, and policy makers of long-term care institutions concerned with the effective use of resources. Considerable costs are involved in the construction and staffing of special-care units. However, the potential costs and threats to quality of care associated with care of residents with AD on traditional units make it imperative to evaluate the effectiveness of special-care units. With the increasing number of persons expected to develop AD, nurses, managers of long-term care facilities, and policy makers are faced with the difficult prospect of determining the most effective means of caring for these residents. Because there have been no definitive, comprehensive studies of special care units, there is an absence of empiric support for the many proposed advantages. Few studies have used systematic measurement techniques or measures with established reliability and validity. Given the growing number of elderly persons in the United States and the expected growth in the number of nursing home residents with AD, it is important to establish the value of special treatment units for residents with AD.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Human C-peptide. Part I: Radioimmunoassay.

Synthetic human C-peptide bearing a Tyrosine group at its amino end is labelled with 125iodine using chloramin T or hydrogen peroxide and lactoperoxidase. The results are compared applying both methods. Antiserum to synthetic human C-peptide (without Tyrosine) which was partially compared to rabbit albumin, is raised in guinea pigs and goats. Goats show to be superior to guinea pigs concerning antibody production. The so-called "hook effect" phenomenon is observed in setting up the standard curves for the radioimmunoassay. Monotonically decreasing standard curves are obtained on dilution of antiserum with a high antibody titer which was produced by repeated immunization in goats. Free C-peptide and C-peptide bound to antiserum are separated with the anxion exchange resin Amberlite. Using this separation technique we excluded unspecific binding of labelled C-peptide to protein fractions in serum of diabetics. The sensitivity of our radioimmunoassay is approx. 0.3 ng C-peptide/ml serum. Intra- and interassay variability are below 10%. Human proinsulin is the only substance found to crossreact with the antiserum.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The nursing outcomes classification: validation by rehabilitation nurses.

Measuring patient outcomes is important to rehabilitation nurses and the patients they serve. This article describes research conducted at the University of Iowa College of Nursing to develop the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) and the validation of this research by surveys conducted through specialty nursing organizations, particularly the Association of Rehabilitation Nurses. Nurses responded to surveys designed to validate (a) the importance of outcome indicators to the achievement of an outcome and (b) nursing's contribution to the achievement of the indicators. The results of the surveys indicated that rehabilitation nurses believe that nursing makes a substantial contribution to most outcomes and indicators.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dixon quantitative chemical shift imaging is a sensitive tool for the evaluation of bone marrow responses to individualized doses of enzyme supplementation therapy in type 1 Gaucher disease.

Type 1 Gaucher disease can be effectively treated with enzyme supplementation therapy. Bone disease is a debilitating feature of the disorder and results from infiltration of the bone marrow by Gaucher cells. The effect of treatment on bone marrow infiltration is difficult to measure, necessitating the development of sensitive techniques to allow adequate dosing. Dixon quantitative chemical shift imaging (Dixon-QCSI) is a MRI technique to measure displacement of fatty marrow by Gaucher cells. Low bone marrow fat fractions have been found in Gaucher disease. We studied the effect of individualized low doses of enzyme therapy on the fat fractions of the lumbar spine in 12 adult Gaucher disease patients before and during treatment and in 9 untreated Gaucher controls. Fat fractions were decreased in 9/12 patients (median 0.20, range 0.08-0.40) and equally low in the untreated Gaucher controls compared to age-matched healthy volunteers (normal values 0.27-0.43, P < 0.01). During treatment, fat fractions increased significantly already after 1 year in 11/12 patients (P = 0.007). After 4 to 5 years, fat fractions normalized in 11/12 patients. Fat fractions remained low in the untreated Gaucher controls (P = 0.5 and 0.6 at 1 and 2 years, respectively). Six of 11 patients had a dose increase, which did not clearly affect fat fractions. Dixon-QCSI is a sensitive tool for the measurement of the response of bone marrow to enzyme therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Medical Outcomes Study: a nursing perspective.

The authors analyze the Medical Outcomes Study framework as a means of measuring the effectiveness of a multidimensional, interdisciplinary health care delivery system. The potential for this model to measure outcomes resulting from the interventions of nurses is demonstrated. The similarities between variables in the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) framework and in research in nursing are presented. Modifications in the framework are suggested that would represent the collaboration among physicians, nurses, and allied health practitioners and the influence of their interaction on patient outcomes. The authors also suggest adding the domain of societal outcomes to include such outcome variables as cost. These modifications will enhance future health outcomes research based on the MOS conceptual framework and will encourage investigations of the interactive effects of health care providers on patient outcomes.

Cross-Sectional Studies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dixon quantitative chemical shift MRI for bone marrow evaluation in the lumbar spine: a reproducibility study in healthy volunteers.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to explore the reproducibility of fat-fraction measurements using Dixon quantitative chemical shift imaging (QCSI) in the lumbar spine (L3, L4, and L5) of healthy volunteers. METHOD: Sixteen healthy volunteers were examined at 1.5 T two times to obtain a repeated measurement in the same slice and a third time in three parallel slices. Single slice, two point Dixon SE (TR/TE 2,500/22.3) sequences were used, from which fat-fraction images were calculated. The fat-fraction results are presented as averages over regions of interest, which were derived from the contours of the vertebrae. Reproducibility measures related to repeated measurements on different days, slice position, and contour drawing were calculated. RESULTS: The mean fat fraction was 0.37 (SD 0.08). The SD due to repeated measurement was small (sigmaR = 0.013-0.032), almost all of which can be explained by slice-(re)-positioning errors. CONCLUSION: When used to evaluate the same person longitudinally in time, Dixon QCSI fat-fraction measurement has an excellent reproducibility. It is a powerful noninvasive tool in the evaluation of bone marrow composition.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence, incidence, management, and predictors of venous ulcers in the long-term-care population using the MDS.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, incidence, management, and predictors of venous ulcers in residents of certified long-term-care facilities using the Minimum Data Set. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: 32,221 residents admitted to long-term-care facilities in Missouri between January 1, 1996, and October 30, 1998. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Version 2.0 of the Minimum Data Set was utilized. Assessment items included selected measures from background information, disease diagnoses, physical functioning and structural problems, health conditions, oral/nutritional status, and skin condition. MAIN RESULTS: Venous ulcer prevalence on admission was 2.5%. The incidence of venous ulcer development for long-term-care residents admitted without an ulcer at 90, 180, 270, and 365 days after admission was 1.0%, 1.3%, 1.8%, and 2.2%, respectively. The most frequent skin treatments for residents with a venous ulcer were ulcer care, dressings, and ointments. Factors associated with venous ulcer development within a year of admission were diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, and edema. CONCLUSION: Venous ulcer prevalence and incidence are greater in the long-term-care population than in the community at-large. Residents with a venous ulcer are likely to have comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, congestive heart failure, edema, wound infection, and pain. Based on these data, risk factors such as history of leg ulcers, recent edema, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, or peripheral vascular disease should prompt clinicians to carefully plan care that will manage a resident's risk for venous ulcer development.

Activities of Daily Living↗