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M Müller

Publications and source records attributed to M Müller.

At least 847 records · Page 47Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Pharmacodynamics of metronidazole determined by a time-kill assay for Trichomonas vaginalis.

The pharmacodynamic effects of metronidazole on Trichomonas vaginalis have been poorly characterized. The present in vitro study was performed to characterize the relationship between killing of trichomonads and metronidazole exposure (metronidazole concentration and time of exposure). Five laboratory strains and five recent clinical isolates of T. vaginalis were studied. The minimum lethal concentrations (MLCs) of metronidazole for the strains ranged from 0.8 to 25 micrograms/ml under anaerobic conditions. Metronidazole exhibited concentration-dependent killing against T. vaginalis at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to > 10 times the MLC. The endpoint measurement, the kill rate constant, which was derived from the reduction in the logarithm of the colony count divided by exposure time, compared with the kill rate constant for the growth control was not affected by the time of assessment between 2 and 24 h. The kill rate constant-versus-metronidazole exposure curves were similar when concentration was expressed as a multiple of the MLC. There were no apparent differences between the clinical isolates and laboratory strains. These data suggest that peak metronidazole concentration and/or area under the plasma concentration-versus-time curve are the important pharmacodynamic parameters to be optimized.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1995

Papillomavirus capsid binding and uptake by cells from different tissues and species.

The inability of papillomaviruses (PV) to replicate in tissue culture cells has hampered the study of the PV life cycle. We investigated virus-cell interactions by the following two methods: (i) using purified bovine PV virions or human PV type 11 (HPV type 11) virus-like particles (VLP) to test the binding to eukaryotic cells and (ii) using different VLP-reporter plasmid complexes of HPV6b, HPV11 L1 or HPV11 L1/L2, and HPV16 L1 or HPV16 L1/L2 to study uptake of particles into different cell lines. Our studies showed that PV capsids bind to a broad range of cells in culture in a dose-dependent manner. Binding of PV capsids to cells can be blocked by pretreating the cells with the protease trypsin. Penetration of PV into cells was monitored by using complexes in which the purified PV capsids were physically linked to DNA containing the gene for beta-galactosidase driven by the human cytomegalovirus promoter. Expression of beta-galactosidase occurred in < 1% of the cells, and the efficiency of PV receptor-mediated gene delivery was greatly enhanced (up to 10 to 20% positive cells) by the use of a replication-defective adenovirus which promotes endosomal lysis. The data generated by this approach further confirmed the results obtained from the binding assays, showing that PV enter a wide range of cells and that these cells have all functions required for the uptake of PV. Binding and uptake of PV particles can be blocked by PV-specific antisera, and different PV particles compete for particle uptake. Our results suggest that the PV receptor is a conserved cell surface molecule(s) used by different PV and that the tropism of infection by different PV is controlled by events downstream of the initial binding and uptake.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

trans-dominant inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation sensitizes cells against gamma-irradiation and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine but does not limit DNA replication of a polyomavirus replicon.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a posttranslational modification of nuclear proteins catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP; EC 2.4.2.30), with NAD+ serving as the substrate. PARP is strongly activated upon recognition of DNA strand breaks by its DNA-binding domain. Experiments with low-molecular-weight inhibitors of PARP have led to the view that PARP activity plays a role in DNA repair and possibly also in DNA replication, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Accumulating evidence for nonspecific inhibitor effects prompted us to develop a molecular genetic system to inhibit PARP in living cells, i.e., to overexpress selectively the DNA-binding domain of PARP as a dominant negative mutant. Here we report on a cell culture system which allows inducible, high-level expression of the DNA-binding domain. Induction of this domain leads to about 90% reduction of poly(ADP-ribose) accumulation after gamma-irradiation and sensitizes cells to the cytotoxic effect of gamma-irradiation and of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. In contrast, induction does not affect normal cellular proliferation or the replication of a transfected polyomavirus replicon. Thus, trans-dominant inhibition of the poly(ADP-ribose) accumulation occurring after gamma-irradiation or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine is specifically associated with a disturbance of the cellular recovery from the inflicted damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Assessment of cerebral vasomotor reactivity by transcranial Doppler ultrasound and breath-holding. A comparison with acetazolamide as vasodilatory stimulus.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Evaluating cerebrovascular vasomotor reactivity seems to be of prognostic relevance for patients with occlusive internal carotid artery disease. To evaluate its clinical usefulness, the recently introduced breath-holding maneuver as a carbon dioxide-dependent vasodilatory stimulus was compared with the acetazolamide challenge by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasound and stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography. METHODS: In a total of 134 middle cerebral arteries of 74 patients (mean +/- SD age, 62 +/- 9 years) with unilateral or bilateral occlusive carotid artery disease, vasomotor reactivity was estimated by the increase of middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity by transcranial Doppler ultrasound, comparing the breath-holding maneuver and 1 g IV acetazolamide as vasodilatory stimuli. The carotid artery findings were classified as normal, stenosis of 50% to < 70%, 70% to < 90%, 90% to 99%, and occlusion. Eighteen of the 74 patients additionally underwent stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography to calculate the increase of mean cortical regional cerebral blood flow in the middle cerebral artery territory after acetazolamide stimulation. RESULTS: The percentage of mean regional cerebral blood flow changes (n = 36 hemispheres) correlated best with the absolute mean blood velocity changes while breath-holding (P = .007, r = .4332). The absolute mean regional cerebral blood flow changes correlated best with the percentage of mean blood velocity changes after acetazolamide stimulation (P = .004, r = .4580). On all 134 middle cerebral arteries, both vasodilatory stimuli correlated highly significantly (P < .0001) when comparing increases in absolute (r = .5448) or relative (r = .3516) mean blood velocity. Both stimulation techniques similarly indicated significantly reduced vasomotor reactivity with increasing degree of internal carotid artery lesions (P < or = .01). However, the acetazolamide challenge differentiated more accurately between the various groups of internal carotid artery findings. CONCLUSIONS: The assessment of vasomotor reactivity by transcranial Doppler ultrasound correlates with cerebral blood flow changes even when different vasodilatory stimuli are used. In cooperative patients the breath-holding maneuver as vasodilatory stimulus seems clinically useful for a first estimation of cerebral vasomotor reactivity.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1995

Clinical relevance and frequency of transient stenoses of the middle and anterior cerebral arteries in bacterial meningitis.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We sought to examine the frequency and clinical relevance of intracranial artery stenoses in patients with bacterial meningitis in whom the occurrence of stroke has angiographically been reported to be associated with stenoses or occlusions of the large basal cerebral arteries. METHODS: Thirty-five unselected patients (24 men, 11 women; mean age, 51 +/- 18 years) with bacterial (n = 33) or fungal (n = 2) meningitis prospectively underwent serial transcranial Doppler sonography recordings of mean blood velocity (MBV) and pulsatility index in the middle (MCA) and anterior (ACA) cerebral arteries, as well as recordings of the ratio of the MBV of the MCA and internal carotid artery (MCA/ICA ratio) on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 14, and 21 after admission. The results were correlated with the Glasgow Coma Scale (days 1 to 14), the occurrence of focal cerebral signs, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale (short-term outcome, day 21). An MCA stenosis was diagnosed by an MBV of 120 cm/s or more or an MCA/ICA ratio of more than 3. An ACA stenosis was diagnosed by an MBV of 100 cm/s or more. RESULTS: Transient stenoses occurred most frequently between days 3 and 5 and were detected in 18 patients (51%). Seventeen patients remained without a stenosis. Patients with stenoses showed a significantly poorer mean Glasgow Coma Scale score from day 3 (9 +/- 4) to day 14 (11 +/- 4) than patients without a stenosis (day 3: 13 +/- 4, P < .01 by t test; day 14: 14 +/- 1, P < .05). The mean Glasgow Outcome Scale score was not significantly different between both groups. The occurrence of mainly transient focal cerebral signs was significantly related to the number of narrowed vessels per patient (P < .05, chi 2 test). CONCLUSIONS: Stenoses of the intracranial arteries occur frequently in bacterial meningitis and are associated with a complicated course of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Distinct expression patterns of CD44 isoforms during human lung development and in pulmonary fibrosis.

The transmembrane glycoprotein CD44 represents a family of molecules, all encoded by one gene. The variability of the isoforms is generated by alternative splicing of the nuclear RNA. Apart from the abundant standard form (CD44s), the variant isoforms (CD44v) are mostly restricted to epithelia. The present study demonstrates the expression of CD44s and CD44v isoforms in embryonic and fetal lungs and in normal and pathologically altered (pulmonary fibrosis after radio- or chemotherapy) human adult pulmonary tissues. Using double immunofluorescence and avidin biotin complex (ABC) techniques on paraffin sections, presence of CD44s and CD44v isoforms (CD44v4, CD44v6, CD44v9) has been analyzed. In normal lung tissue, CD44s is present at the cell surface of alveolar macrophages, in some interstitial cells and in epithelial cells. It is also present in epithelial and non-epithelial cells during lung development. CD44v isoforms containing exon v6 and v9 encoded epitopes are selectively detectable in normal epithelial cells with a strong basolateral distribution pattern in the entire population of type II pneumocytes and in basal cells of the bronchial epithelium. During development exon v9 encoded isoforms appear at the pseudoglandular stage, whereas CD44v6 has only been found at the saccular stage. Examination of 12 fibrotic lung samples has revealed major alterations in the CD44 expression in comparison to normal lung tissue. These changes include cytoplasmic deposits of CD44s in alveolar epithelial cells and reduced expression of the CD44v6 and CD44v9 isoforms in alveolar epithelial and bronchial epithelial cells. The results suggest that CD44v isoforms may be utilized by type II pneumocytes in epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and in the maintenance of the pulmonary histoarchitecture.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Adenosine triphosphate-dependent copper transport in isolated rat liver plasma membranes.

The process of hepatobiliary copper (Cu) secretion is still poorly understood: Cu secretion as a complex with glutathione and transport via a lysosomal pathway have been proposed. The recent cloning and sequencing of the gene for Wilson disease indicates that Cu transport in liver cells may be mediated by a Cu transporting P-type ATPase. Biochemical evidence for ATP-dependent Cu transport in mammalian systems, however, has not been reported so far. We have investigated Cu transport in rat liver plasma membrane vesicles enriched in canalicular or basolateral membranes in the presence and absence of ATP (4 mM) and an ATP-regenerating system. The presence of ATP clearly stimulated uptake of radiolabeled Cu (64Cu, 10 microM) into canalicular plasma membrane vesicles and, to a lesser extent, also into basolateral plasma membrane vesicles. ATP-dependent Cu transport was dose-dependently inhibited by the P-type ATPase inhibitor vanadate, and showed saturation kinetics with an estimated Km of 8.6 microM and a Vmax of 6.9 nmol/min/mg protein. ATP-stimulated Cu uptake was similar in canalicular membrane vesicles of normal Wistar rats and those of mutant GY rats, expressing a congenital defect in the activity of the ATP-dependent canalicular glutathione-conjugate transporter (cMOAT). These studies demonstrate the presence of an ATP-dependent Cu transporting system in isolated plasma membrane fractions of rat liver distinct from cMOAT.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed1995

Lack of association of Helicobacter pylori seroprevalence and gastric cancer in a population with low gastric cancer incidence.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We examined the sera of 111 Caucasian patients with histologically confirmed gastric cancer (36 with cancer of the cardia, 70 with cancer of the body or antrum, and 5 with stump carcinomas after Billroth-II procedures) and 111 age-matched controls with colorectal carcinomas for the presence of H. pylori IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of H. pylori infection was 58.6% (65 of 111) in gastric cancer patients as compared with 50.5% (56 of 111) in matched control subjects (odds ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.82 to 2.36). Carcinomas of the cardia were not linked to H. pylori infection (odds ratio, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.65 to 2.46), nor diffuse or intestinal-type carcinomas (odds ratios, 1.79 and 1.0; 95% confidence intervals, 0.69 to 4.67 and 0.34 to 2.91, respectively). Age, sex, and height of the IgG immune response did not affect risk. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to previous results, these data do not provide evidence that the contribution of H. pylori infection to the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer is of major significance in a population with low gastric cancer rates and with high socioeconomic status.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

The suppression of the coagulation of nonanticoagulated whole blood in vitro by human umbilical endothelial cells cultivated on microcarriers is not dependent on protein C activation.

Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultivated on globular microcarriers in order to improve the endothelial cell surface to blood-volume ratio over the conventional flat bed cultures. HUVEC-beads were tested for their modulation of blood coagulation using a combination of two steps: HUVEC-beads were added into the syringe used for the venipuncture, in order to achieve immediate contact between cells and blood, and no anticoagulant was used during the incubation time of HUVEC-beads with whole blood. The coagulation initiation produced by venipuncture was almost completely suppressed as judged by thrombin measurements over a period of 60 min. The activated partial thromboplastin time showed a prolongation by a factor > 3. Direct measurements of activated protein C (APC) were negative. Moreover, inhibition of APC-generation with a monoclonal anti-human protein C antibody did not affect the anticoagulant properties of endothelial cells. Therefore the anticoagulant properties exerted by HUVEC-beads are not dependent on APC.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1995

[Transcranial Doppler ultrasound monitoring of patients with viral infections of the central nervous system].

Serial (days 1, 3, 5, 8, 14, 21 after admission) transcranial Doppler ultrasound measurements of the mean blood velocity (Vmean) and the pulsatility index (PI) in the middle, anterior and posterior cerebral arteries (MCA, ACA, PCA) and the basilar artery were performed in 35 consecutive patients (male, 20, female, 15, mean age: 37 +/- 19 years) with acute meningitis or meningoencephalitis thought to have arisen from viral infections. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and the TCD findings on days 1-8 were compared with the Glasgow Outcome Scale on day 21 (GOS, short-term outcome). Compared with the reference values recorded in 69 healthy volunteers, Vmean was significantly elevated in the MCA, ACA and PCA on days 1-3, and on day 5 in the MCA (P< 0.01-0.05). The PI was significantly increased on days 1-8 in all intracranial arteries (P < 0.001-0.05). With respect to the outcome, patients with a poor outcome (GOS score 1-3) were found to have had significantly more markedly elevated PI in all vessels on days 3-8 (P < 0.05) than the patients with a good outcome (GOS score 4 and 5). The linear regression coefficient for the relationship between the PI on days 3-8 and the GOS ranged from r = 0.35 to 0.48 (P < 0.01) in all vessels. However, the coefficient (r) between the GCS score on days 3-8 and GOS was more marked (day 3: r = 0.7545, P< 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Immuno-gold-labelling of CUT-1, CUT-2 and cuticlin epitopes in Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis sp. processed by high pressure freezing and freeze-substitution.

CUT-1 and CUT-2 are two distinct protein components of cuticlin, the insoluble residue of the cuticles of nematodes. In previous experiments of gold-immuno-labelling on sections of chemically fixed Caenorhabditis elegans, CUT-1 and CUT-2 epitopes were specifically lost. Cryo-immobilization of C. elegans under high pressure followed by freeze-substitution, however, resulted in a good preservation of these antigenic sites and of the ultrastructure of the worms. The entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sp. processed by the same cryopreparation protocol has shown a strong reactivity with anti-sera raised against CUT-1, CUT-2 and against the whole cuticlin residue of C. elegans. The localization of these epitopes was conserved across the two species.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Primary structure and eubacterial relationships of the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase of the amitochondriate eukaryote Trichomonas vaginalis.

In the eukaryotic unicellular organism Trichomonas vaginalis a key step of energy metabolism, the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate with the formation of acetyl-CoA, is catalyzed by the iron-sulfur protein pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO) and not by the almost-ubiquitous pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. This enzyme is localized in the hydrogenosome, an organelle bounded by a double membrane. PFO and its closely related homolog, pyruvate:flavodoxin oxidoreductase, are enzymes found in a number of archaebacteria and eubacteria. The presence of these enzymes in eukaryotes is restricted, however, to a few amitochondriate groups. To gain more insight into the evolutionary relationships of T. vaginalis PFO we determined the primary structure of its two genes (pfoA and pfoB). The deduced amino acid sequences showed 95% positional identity. Motifs implicated in related enzymes in liganding the Fe-S centers and thiamine pyrophosphate were well conserved. The T. vaginalis PFOs were found to be homologous to eubacterial pyruvate:flavodoxin oxidoreductases and showed about 40% amino acid identity to these enzymes over their entire length. Lack of eubacterial PFO sequences precluded a comparison. pfoA and pfoB revealed a greater distance from related enzymes of Archaebacteria. The conceptual translation of the nucleotide sequences predicted an amino-terminal pentapeptide not present in the mature protein. This processed leader sequence was similar to but shorter than leader sequences noted in other hydrogenosomal proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1995

[Systemic perfusion times in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy].

The pathogenesis of non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) is not well understood. Local factors like elevated IOP or a low C/D ratio may play a role, as may systemic arteriosclerosis or reduced perfusion pressure. Reduced cardiac output may also contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. We therefore investigated 17 healthy young persons, 9 patients with non-arteritic AION, and 10 age-matched controls using fluorescence perfusion scintigraphy, a technique that allows subclavia carotid time to be determined. Subclavia carotid time measures the circulation time of the heart and lung and is proportional to cardiac output. The mean subclavia carotid time of healthy young persons was 9.1 +/- 1.6 s, 9.9 +/- 1.9 for AION patients, and 9.9 +/- 1.2 s for age-matched controls. The differences were statistically not significant. The correlation of perfusion times with blood pressure values showed, however, that systemic hypertension is accompanied by a relatively slow systemic perfusion time. In conclusion, it was not possible to demonstrate an absolutely reduced cardiac output in patients with non-arteritic AION during the day. Nevertheless, a drop in systemic blood pressure during the night may be responsible for a reduction in the blood supply to the optic nerve.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Chronic pancreatitis with inflammatory enlargement of the pancreatic head].

A number of patients with chronic pancreatitis develop an inflammatory enlargement of the head of the pancreas leading to complications such as common bile duct, duodenal, pancreatic duct, and/or vascular obstruction. The duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection has been developed to treat these lesions and to avoid a Whipple procedure in chronic pancreatitis. Between 1972 and 1992 280 patients (231 male, 49 female, mean age 44, range 22-76 years) underwent a duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection for chronic pancreatitis. The indication to operate was a cholestases syndrome in 50% of the patients, a duodenal compression in 36% and an obstruction of the portal vein in 16% of the patients. 94% suffered from pain, 53% had recurrent severe pain attacks and 72% had daily pain. Hospital mortality was 1.1% (3/280). Pancreatic fistula, leakage of pancreatic anastomosis and postoperative bleeding occurred in 4.6%, 1.8% and 3.2% of the patients, respectively. A relaparotomy needed 16 patients (5.7%). With respect to glucose tolerance in the early postoperative period 88% of the patients, showed no change in comparison with the preoperative glucose tolerance analysis. In a long-term follow-up (mean follow-up time was 3.7 years (3 months to 18 years)) 219 patients were included. The late mortality within the follow-up period was 5.0% (11/219). 90% of the patients had no or rare pain in the long-term follow-up. 63% of the patients were full rehabilitated professionally. The duodenum preserving pancreatic head resection represents a new standard procedure which solves most surgical problems in chronic pancreatitis. It does not lead to diabetes mellitus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Cerebral oximetry by infrared spectroscopy in comparison with continuous measurement of oxygen saturation of the jugular vein bulb in interventions of the internal carotid artery].

OBJECTIVE: Monitoring the central nervous system during carotid endarterectomy plays an important role in detection of cerebral ischemia. With optical spectroscopy in the near-infrared light range it is now possible to measure regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) noninvasively. Numerous studies emphasize the importance of cerebral oxygen balance rather than absolute values of cerebral blood flow or metabolic rate. In this study data from oxygen saturation measured in the jugular bulb (SJO2) were compared to rSO2. METHODS: 10 patients undergoing elective carotid end-arterectomy were enrolled after written informed consent and approval by the local ethics committee. rSO2 data were measured by cerebral spectroscopy (INVOS 3100, Somanetics, Michigan/USA). To avoid lesions of the internal carotid artery, a 4-F oxymetry catheter (OPTICATH, Abbot GmbH, Wiesbaden) was placed in the jugular bulb by retrograde approach after preparation by the surgeon. Anaesthesia and mechanical ventilation were standardised. RESULTS: After cross-clamping of the internal carotid artery rSO2 significantly decreased (60.5 +/- 3.5%) compared to baseline (66.0 +/- 1.4%). After declamping rSO2 increased significantly (63.0 +/- 4.2%) and was close to baseline at the end of operation (65.0 +/- 2.8%). The SJO2 time course showed good correlation compared to rSO2 data (r = 0.85). After cross-clamping SJO2 decreased significantly (51.5 +/- 6.3%) in comparison to baseline (59.5 +/- 4.9%). Declamping increased SJO2 to 59.5 +/- 6.3%. No changes in latencies or amplitudes of SEP were observed throughout the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Noninvasive cerebral optical spectroscopy is a useful tool to determine the brain tissue oxygenation. The positive correlation to jugular bulb oxygen saturation is somewhat unexpected as rSO2 evaluates regional while SJO2 measures global oxygen content. However our results suggests that both methods are able to detect episodes of cerebral ischemia during carotid endarterectomy. The interpretation of the changes of cerebral oxygen saturation with respect to neurological outcome warrants further studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Influence of ibuprofen on the infection with Listeria monocytogenes.

Listeria monocytogenes is a bacterial infection, which is facultatively localized in monocytes and macrophages. The influence of ibuprofen (CAS 15687-27-1), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), on this bacterial infection in balb/c mice was investigated. One day prior to sublethal infection, balb/c mice were treated intravenously with various therapeutic concentrations of ibuprofen alone or ibuprofen in combination with a suboptimal dosage of murine recombinant interferon gamma, a lymphokine produced by T-helper cells. Three days post-infection, parasite burdens of the mainly infected organs, spleen and liver, were determined by the colony-forming unit assay. It was shown that the prophylactic treatment with ibuprofen in a concentration of 4 mg/kg body weight resulted in a more than 10-fold reduction of viable Listeria monocytogenes in the spleen, whereas in liver 12 mg/kg Ibuprofen was necessary for a comparable kill of viable bacteria. A higher concentration of ibuprofen did not resulted in a higher antibacterial efficacy. In order to clarify the mechanism of ibuprofen action, molecular-biological experiments were performed to measure the messenger RNA (mRNA) induced by ibuprofen. It is presented here that therapeutic concentrations of ibuprofen induced significant higher amounts of mRNA for interleukin-1 in human monocytes compared to untreated cells. These findings support the hypothesis that ibuprofen influences the complex immune system to overcome a bacterial infection.

Animals↗