Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M M Stephens

Publications and source records attributed to M M Stephens.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Hallux valgus, first metatarsal pronation and collapse of the medial longitudinal arch--a radiological correlation.

In a previous study we developed a model to assess first metatarsal pronation based on the position of the inferior tuberosity of its base and showed a significant relationship between first metatarsal pronation and the intermetatarsal angle (r = 0.69, p < 0.001). The present study was undertaken to correlate first metatarsal pronation with the height of the medial longitudinal arch in an attempt to define the clinical significance of this new finding. The weight-bearing anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the feet of 50 patients (100 feet; 36 females patients of mean age 38 years, 14 males patients of mean age 40 years) were reviewed, and in each case, the patient's age, sex, intermetatarsal angle, amount of first metatarsal pronation and medial longitudinal arch angle were recorded by independent observers. A significant relationship was demonstrated between first metatarsal pronation and the height of the medial longitudinal arch (r = 0.93, p < 0.0001). Less marked association was observed between intermetatarsal angles and first metatarsal pronation (r = 0.71, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis of patient age, sex, intermetatarsal angle and medial longitudinal arch angle against metatarsal pronation showed that the single most dominant variable affecting metatarsal pronation was the height of the medial longitudinal arch.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Lumbar intervertebral foramens. An in vitro study of their shape in relation to intervertebral disc pathology.

The lumbar intervertebral foramens of 20 isolated cadaveric spines were investigated by the use of a molding technique to assess their dimensions accurately and how intervertebral disc pathology altered their configuration. Oval foramens predominated over auricularly shaped foramens when the disc was normal, but when the disc was abnormal, the converse was true. Foraminal size varied from 40 to 160 mm2 but showed great variation even at individual levels; these were not accurately reflected by simple radiologic measurements.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

A splint for controlled active motion after flexor tendon repair. Design, mechanical testing, and preliminary clinical results.

A splint for controlled active motion after flexor tendon repair is described. It incorporates a single core-coated elastic band passing around a palmar pulley and attached proximally to a spring wire. Its mechanical properties were tested against six other systems. The tension in various systems all rose near full extension. However, the palmar pulley, the spring wire, and the elastic band each could lower the tension significantly. When the bending moments at the interphalangeal joints were measured, all systems produced a peak during the latter part of extension. With the palmar pulley, spring wire, and elastic band, the rise was minimal and in fact, the bending moments diminished near full extension. Initial results in 28 flexor tendon repairs using this splint showed less flexion contracture when compared with 78 flexor tendon repairs using a standard rubber band anchored at the wrist.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

Leg length discrepancy after femoral shaft fractures in children. Review after skeletal maturity.

We reviewed and radiographed 30 skeletally-mature patients after isolated closed femoral shaft fractures in childhood which had been treated conservatively. When the fracture had occurred between the ages of 7 and 13 years, the limb overgrew about 1 cm regardless of sex, upper limb dominance, age, fracture site or configuration. Excessive fracture overlap at the time of injury, but not at union, increased limb overgrowth. Angulation of the fracture remodelled in children injured under 10 years of age, but in older patients this sometimes added to limb shortening. Rotational deformities were minor and gave no symptoms. Treatment of the 7- to 13-year-old patient should aim at 1 cm overlap at union, with correction of angular deformity being more important in children over 10 years of age. This management of fractures will give a maximum leg length discrepancy of 1 cm at skeletal maturity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Brodie's abscess. A long-term review.

In 20 patients with 21 Brodie's abscesses, a long-term review revealed that 13 occurred in the second decade of life. All had local symptoms for six weeks or more. The tibia was involved in 11 cases and seven of these were in the proximal metaphysis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was elevated in only six cases. When the ESR was more than 40 mm per hour, recurrence was more likely. Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from 11 abscesses. Curettage and antibiotics for six weeks were adequate for treatment in most cases. However, lesions larger than 3 cm in diameter should be grafted, and patients with an elevated ESR require more aggressive decompression and prolonged antibiotic therapy. Lesions within the neck of the femur pose particular anatomic problems and should not be approached laterally. All cases were followed to full bone maturity. No significant leg length inequality was clinically or roentgenologically apparent. If an abscess was juxtaphyseal, deformity of the epiphysis could develop.

Abscess↗
PubMed1986

Nylon sublaminar straps in segmental instrumentation for spinal disorders.

A new modification of segmental spinal instrumentation is in an early stage of research and development. Preliminary evidence is most encouraging with respect to the advantages of the relative safety of insertion of the nylon strap around the neural arch. The facility with which the insertion and tightening of the strap can be employed reduces the operation time significantly.

Bone Wires↗
PubMed1984

Chemonucleolysis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chymopapain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neurapraxia of the femoral nerve in a modern dancer.

We have presented a case of an acute onset femoral nerve neurapraxia in a pure modern dancer. Repeated mild stretching of the femoral nerve during an established dance routine over a period of several months is implicated as the etiology. The thigh muscles quickly weakened, but regained strength within 3 months. Electromyographic evidence of specific femoral nerve injury initially was negative, but was evident 6 weeks following injury. Overuse syndrome in dancers can cause rapid loss of strength. Other conditions such as herniated intervertebral disc, acute hemorrhage, trauma, iliopsoas rupture, and acute stretching must be ruled out. Complete recovery was the natural outcome.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The stabilizing role of the lateral ligament complex around the ankle and subtalar joints.

The stabilizing role of various ligaments in the lateral side of the ankle and hindfoot was examined experimentally and sequentially using 10 fresh amputated lower limbs. The anterior talofibular ligament contributed to ankle stability in plantarflexion and the calcaneofibular, the fibulotalocalcaneal, and posterior talofibular ligament in all positions. The lateral root of the inferior extensor retinaculum contributed to subtalar stability in neutral and dorsiflexion. The calcaneofibular, fibulotalocalcaneal, and cervical ligaments and the ligament of the anterior capsule of the posterior talocalcaneal joint and the interosseous ligaments contributed to subtalar stability in all positions. The subtalar joint accounted for upward of 50% of ankle/hindfoot inversion after ligament division in the intermalleolar plane.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of audiometric configuration on pure-tone, warble-tone and narrow-band noise thresholds of adults with sensorineural hearing losses.

Thresholds measurements for pure tones, warble tones, and narrow-band noise were compared for adult sensorineural hearing-impaired subjects with gradual and sharp audiometric configurations. Results demonstrated that audiometric configuration does not significantly affect the relationship between pure tones and warble tones but does affect the relationship between pure tones and narrow-band noise. Differences were most apparent at the higher frequencies. Clinical implications are discussed.

Acoustic Stimulation↗