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Biomedical subjects

M M Smith

Publications and source records attributed to M M Smith.

245 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Inadvertent prostatectomy as a complication of cryptorchidectomy in four dogs.

Inadvertent prostatectomy was identified as a complication of cryptorchidectomy in four dogs. Surgical correction of the resulting urethral trauma was attempted in each case. One case was euthanized due to a poor prognosis for recovery. Three cases survived without clinical evidence of urinary incontinence. Inadvertent prostatectomy during cryptorchidectomy may be avoided by adequate surgical exposure and proper identification of the abdominally retained testicle.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lingual approach for surgical extraction of the mandibular canine tooth in dogs and cats.

A lingual approach for surgical extraction of the mandibular canine tooth was developed based on anatomic observations of tissues and structures of the rostral mandible and lingual orientation of the mandibular canine tooth root. Measurements of the lingual and buccal aspects of the alveolus indicated similar quantities of bone required for alveolectomy to expose the tooth root. The surgical procedure was performed in 12 dogs and four cats with no complications reported during the follow-up period.

Alveolectomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of indwelling transurethral catheterization and tube cystostomy on urethral anastomoses in dogs.

The influence of urinary diversion procedures on urethral healing was studied in 15 male dogs following transection and anastomosis of the intrapelvic portions of their urethras. Dogs were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups and had urine diverted from the surgical site by indwelling transurethral catheter, cystostomy catheter, or a combination of transurethral catheter and cystostomy catheter. There were no statistically significant differences in urethral healing when considering the different diversion methods, based on clinical, radiographic, and urodynamic parameters evaluated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma in the duodenum of a cat.

A three-year-old, male neutered domestic longhair cat was referred for evaluation of icterus, vomiting, and anorexia. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a proximal duodenal mass obstructing the common bile duct. The mass was surgically resected, and a cholecystoduodenostomy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was osteosarcoma. Thoracic radiographs showed no evidence of metastasis, and bone scintigraphy revealed no signs of a primary skeletal osteosarcoma. Four months after surgery, the cat had intermittent vomiting, marked weight loss, and died.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Midline spinal cord hamartomas: MR imaging features of two patients.

Congenital midline spinal hamartomas are relatively rare. Patients harboring this anomaly are generally asymptomatic, but present with an overlying skin anomaly. MR imaging depicts a mass that is isointense with the spinal cord on all sequences, and may show a dermal sinus tract that tethers the cord at the level of the lesion. We report the MR features of congenital midline spinal hamartoma in two children.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR of recurrent high-grade astrocytomas after intralesional immunotherapy.

PURPOSE: To describe the MR findings in six patients with recurrent cerebral astrocytomas before, immediately after, and 3 months after local immunotherapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and interleukin-2. METHODS: Contrast-enhanced MR studies were obtained in six patients (three with anaplastic astrocytoma and three with glioblastoma multiforme) at the time of tumor recurrence, after a second resection and placement of an Ommaya catheter, at the end of immunotherapy, and thereafter at 3-month intervals. These MR studies were reviewed with special attention to pattern and degree of enhancement, edema, and mass effect. RESULTS: In three patients, gross total removal of recurrent tumor was achieved and postimmunotherapy MR studies showed a flare phenomenon characterized by increased nodular enhancement, increased edema, and mass effect. On the 3-month follow-up examination, these findings had resolved, and no further tumor recurrence was seen during the following 12-month period. Neither of the two patients who had subtotal resection had a flare phenomenon. In one of these patients, the tumor was stable at the 12-month follow-up; the other patient had recurrent tumor at the 6-month follow-up. In the last patient, who also had subtotal tumor resection and progressive enhancement after immunotherapy, tumor progression was rapid. CONCLUSION: After local immunotherapy, increased enhancement, edema, and mass effect are most likely the result of a flare phenomenon, but because rapid tumor progression may produce similar features, follow-up MR studies are indispensable. The flare phenomenon resolved by 3 months in all patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Intravenous access in newborn infants: impact of extended umbilical venous catheter use on requirement for peripheral venous lines.

Central venous lines are used to care for critically ill neonates in cases of limited peripheral venous access. This prospective, randomized study evaluated the risks and benefits of the use of single- and double-lumen umbilical venous catheters for up to 14 days. Patients were randomized to one of three treatment arms: (1) single-lumen umbilical catheter, (2) double-lumen umbilical catheter, or (3) no umbilical catheter; peripheral intravenous lines only. Infants in the groups treated with an umbilical venous catheter had significantly fewer venipunctures and peripheral intravenous lines placed during their first 2 weeks of life than those in the peripheral line only group. Less time and money were spent obtaining peripheral line placement in the umbilical venous catheter groups. The incidence rates of sepsis and complications were not higher in treated patients than in control patients. The double-lumen catheter further reduced peripheral venipunctures and lines. We conclude that an umbilical venous catheter used during the first 2 weeks of life is a relatively safe, less stressful, cost-effective means of providing intravenous therapy to neonates.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗