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Biomedical subjects

M M Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to M M Roberts.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Acute leukaemia after immunosuppressive therapy.

Three cases of acute myeloid leukaemia developing after treatment of renal disease with cyclophosphamide have been studied. None of the cases was complicated by additional treatment with irradiation or other cytotoxic agents, or by a pre-existing malignancy. Marrow aplasia as a cause of the leukaemia was ruled out. It is suggested that the immunosuppressive action of cyclophosphamide could predispose to the development of malignancy in two ways: malignant clones of cells could emerge and multiply or oncogenic viruses could invade the cells or escape from immunological control and cause induction and development of malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Immunoglobulin synthesis in the "resting" breast.

Nulliparous women have a greater risk of developing breast cancer than women who have borne children, but so far no functional differences in breast tissue have been reported between parous women and nulliparae. Macroscopically and histologically normal breast tissue was obtained from 74 women of reproductive age during biopsy of benign breast lesions and was examined for the presence of plasma cells by immunfluorescence. Immunoglobulin synthesis was detected by an in-vitro culture technique. Synthesis of IgA was detected in 81% of specimans of IgG in 45%, and of IgM in 3%. IgA synthesis much more intense than IgG or IgM synthesis. Plasma cells containing IgA were seen in 71% of the specimens examined, and 88% of specimens had deposits of IgA in the ductules. The findings were not significantly incluenced by the nature of the condition necessitating biopsy or by oral contraception. Nulliparous women showed no cyclical changes, but among parous women IgA synthesis was more intense during luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. This suggests that after the first pregnancy the breast is more sensitive to progesterone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Simple mastectomy and pectoral node biopsy.

Evidence is presented to support the view that biopsy of the pectoral and axillary tail nodes obtained at simple (total) mastectomy gives a reliable estimate of axillary node status. The technique is described.

Axilla↗
PubMed1976

The nitroblue tetrazolium test in acne vulgaris.

The nitroblue tetrazolium (N.B.T.) test has been studied in 19 patients with moderate or severe acne vulgaris and 18 patients with subclinical or no acne. There was a significant elevation of the N.B.T. score in those patients with moderate or severe acne as compared with the control group. This is probably a result of the inflammatory reaction in and around the involved sebaceous gland follicles.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1975

Needle aspiration of breast cysts.

A total of 149 breast cysts have been treated with primary aspiration. Findings were abnormal in 36 patients, 30 of whom underwent excision of the breast cyst with cancer being found in four. Careful examination of the breast after aspiration and follow-up are necessary, but, provided these precautions are observed, this type of treatment is simple, safe, and cheap besides often giving the patient relief at the first consultation.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Serum immunoglobulin levels in patients with breast cancer.

Serum immunoglobulin levels IgA, IgG, and IgM have been estimated in 92 patients with breast cancer and 50 control patients, 40 of whom had benign disease of the breast. In patients with breast cancer, IgA was significantly raised at all stages and IgG was significantly reduced, but the two abnormalities were not necessarily concomitant. These findings may suggest a disturbance in the secretory immune system, and immunologic defect even when the cancer is localized to the breast.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1975

The immune reaction to human breast cancer: a comparison of skin and leucocyte migration tests.

In vivo and in vitro tests of cellular immunity using autologous tumour antigen have been performed in patients after mastectomy for cancer and in a control group with benign tumours of the breast. Overall, the incidence of positive immune reactions in both groups was 45 per cent. Poor correlation was found between the results of in vivo and in vitro tests, which could not be explained in terms of serum factors. The specificity of the reaction is questioned but the clinical relevance will be determined by long term follow-up.

Aged↗