Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M M Reddy.
Vicia faba root meristem cells treated for 24 h with 1.25 mM hydroxyurea and then X-irradiated contained a large number of cells with both chromosome and chromatid aberrations. X-irradiation 4 h after release from the hydroxyurea block yielded cells with almost exclusively chromatid aberrations.
Two primary cancers were found in a patient with a familial IgA deficiency. Although cytogenetic studies showed nonconsistent pseudodiploid chromosomal pattern in the peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, there were two metaphases with a deleted short arm of an E (17-18) chromosome and several metaphases with an abnormally large chromosome, larger than chromosome number 1. Also, there were 37 B lymphocytes per mm3 in her peripheral blood which was much lower than other radiation-treated cancer patients. The absence of IgA, the decrease of peripheral B lymphocytes and the chromosomal abnormality might have played a role in her developing the cancers.
T, B, and "null" lymphocytes were determined in peripheral blood obtained from 24 control subjects and 15 multiple sclerosis patients. The total number of lymphocytes and T lymphocytes were reduced significantly in multiple sclerosis patients as compared with those of controls. Although the percentage of B lymphocytes increased in these patients, the absolute number of B lymphocytes was similar to controls. The mitotic response of lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis patients to phytohemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen in 7-day-old cultures was decreased as compared with that of controls.
B, T and "Null" lymphocytes from 87 coded peripheral blood samples from 33 normals and 54 nonoperable or progressive cancer patients were determined. The controls have higher mean numbers of circulating lymphocytes than the cancer patients. Radiation-treated cancer patients have lower values than non-irradiated patients. This phenomenon is also seen in the relative and absolute T, but not the B lymphocytes. There was no difference in the B lymphocytes among the different groups of patients. However, the controls have the highest and the radiation-treated cancer patients have the lowest absolute numbers of B lymphocytes. Although cancer patients have higher relative numbers of "Null" cells than the controls, only the difference between the controls and the radiation-treated cancer patients was statistically significant.
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The T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood were reduced in patients with glomerulonephritis treated with hemodialysis as compared to normals. Although the absolute number of 'null' cells was also decreased, the percentage of 'null' cells was increased in these patients.
Peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained from 16 controls, 16 untreated cancer patients and 15 cancer patients treated with irradiation were cultured with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). The cultures were terminated on 3 and 7 days of incubation, and mitotic rates were obtained. The mitotic rates of untreated cancer patients for both mitogens did not differ significantly from those of controls. However, the mitotic rate obtained for 3-day PHA culture of the radiation-treated cancer patients was significantly different from controls, whereas the 7-day mitotic rate stimulated by PWM was significantly lower than the untreated cancer patients and controls.
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Because mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) share several features, some investigators have considered them to be different stages of the same disease. Others view them as separate entities. Cytogenetic studies in four typical MF patients showed that the chromosomal abnormalities were different from those reported in SS patients, and the abnormalities were found with almost equal frequency in both B and T cells. In addition, we found the frequencies of the T cells in six of the eight peripheral blood determinations in three patients were within normal range. These observations support the possibility that MF and SS are two separate disease entities.
Proportions and absolute numbers of T, B and "Null" lymphocytes, percent of abnormal cells and chromosomal breaks were determined in breast irradiated mastitis patients and control subjects. No significant difference was observed at these values between controls and irradiated patients.
Levels of erythropoietin and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were measured in sera of 28 HIV-seronegative heterosexual non-intravenous drug using controls, 57 HIV-seronegative and 42 HIV-seropositive asymptomatic intravenous drug users (IVDU) and 36 HIV-seronegative and 36 HIV-seropositive homosexuals, 79 patients with lymphadenopathy, 11 patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC) and 110 patients with AIDS. Serum erythropoietin levels were significantly elevated in HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive asymptomatic homosexuals and in patients with lymphadenopathy, ARC and AIDS when compared to controls. However, in asymptomatic HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive IVDU the erythropoietin levels were not significantly different from the control group. GM-CSF mean levels in both HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive IVDU were elevated compared with the level in controls, whereas the mean levels in both the HIV-seronegative and HIV-seropositive homosexuals were decreased relative to the level in controls. GM-CSF levels in patients with lymphadenopathy, ARC and AIDS were not significantly different from the control value. It appears that male homosexuals have mildly increased erythropoietin levels which rise substantially with the development of ARC and AIDS, which suggests that AIDS patients have intact capacity to produce erythropoietin. In contrast, GM-CSF levels are increased in association with IVDU but are not increased in association with HIV infection including ARC or AIDS. The difference in circulating levels of erythropoietin and GM-CSF may reflect the tissue sources of erythropoietin predominantly in the kidney and GM-CSF being a product of the immunological and inflammatory systems.
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