Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M M Quigley

Publications and source records attributed to M M Quigley.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Neutropenic enterocolitis: a rare presenting complication of acute leukemia.

Neutropenic enterocolitis is a necrotizing inflammatory process with intramural infection that occurs predominantly in neutropenic patients. This syndrome is most frequently observed after chemotherapy for hematologic and solid tissue malignancies, but it can also be observed in a number of other clinical settings as well. Neutropenic enterocolitis can be a rare presenting complication of acute leukemia. We report a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia that presented with abdominal pain due to neutropenic enterocolitis. The diagnostic and treatment challenges associated with this manner of presentation are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Palisaded angioleiomyoma.

BACKGROUND: We report a case of a palisaded angioleiomyoma, a histopathologic variant of angioleiomyoma with prominent Verocay body formation. RESULTS: A healthy 31-year-old male requested removal of a subcutaneous nodule on the back of his head. The striking Verocay-like body formation of this tumor led to an initial frozen section diagnosis of neurilemoma. On hematoxylin and eosin staining, areas consistent with an angioleiomyoma were found as well. Immunohistochemistry gave positive reactions for actin and desmin, but was negative for S-100. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this morphologic pattern in an angioleiomyoma has not been previously described. Palisaded angioleiomyoma should be added to the ever-expanding list of tumors that demonstrate nuclear palisades.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Association of transcription factors with the nuclear matrix.

The nuclear matrix is the framework scaffolding of the nucleus and has been demonstrated to be an important component in a number of nuclear processes including transcription, replication, and RNA splicing and transport. In the interphase nucleus, DNA is specifically organized in a three-dimensional fashion. An example of this fact is that actively transcribed genes have been demonstrated to associate with the nuclear matrix. In this study, nuclear matrix proteins from various rat tissues, including two androgen-regulated tissues, the seminal vesicle and ventral prostate, were examined to determine if they contained proteins that associate with consensus binding sequences for several proteins involved in the regulation of transcription. Specific interactions were identified between proteins of the nuclear matrix and these transcriptional activator binding sequences. In addition, the sizes of the complexes binding to the DNA sequences appeared to vary in some of the tissues. These data support the concept that the nuclear matrix may serve as a support structure to bring together specific DNA sequences with factors involved in the regulation of gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Bladder cancer-associated nuclear matrix proteins.

The early diagnosis of bladder cancer is central to the effective treatment of the disease. Presently, there are no methods available to easily and specifically identify the presence of bladder cancer cells. The prevailing method for the detection of bladder cancer is the identification of bladder cancer cells by morphological examination of exfoliated cells or biopsy material by a pathologist. A hallmark of the malignant or transformed phenotype is an abnormal nuclear shape, the presence of multiple nucleoli, and altered patterns of chromatin organization. Nuclear structural alterations are so prevalent in cancer cells that they are commonly used as markers of transformation for many types of cancer. Nuclear shape is determined by the nuclear matrix, the dynamic skeleton of the nucleus. The nuclear matrix is the structural component of the nucleus that determines nuclear morphology, organizes the DNA in a three-dimensional fashion that is tissue specific, and has a central role in the regulation of a number of nuclear processes, including the regulation of DNA replication and gene expression. Previous investigations into prostate and breast cancer have revealed that nuclear matrix protein (NMP) composition undergoes alterations with transformation and that the nuclear matrix can serve as a marker for the malignant phenotype. In this study, we have identified NMPs with which it is possible to differentiate human bladder tumors from normal bladder epithelial cells. We examined the NMP composition of 17 matched tumor and normal samples from patients undergoing surgery for bladder cancer. We have identified six proteins present in all tumor samples that are not present in the corresponding normal samples and three proteins that are unique to the normal bladder tissues in comparison with the tumor samples. Five of the six bladder cancer-associated proteins were also identified in three human bladder cancer cells lines examined (253j, UMUC-2, and T24). Therefore, we have demonstrated that nuclear matrix composition is able to differentiate bladder cancer from normal bladder tissue and may provide useful tools for early detection and recurrence of the disease. Importantly, these markers may provide valuable tools for cytopathological screening for bladder carcinoma.

Antigens, Nuclear↗
PubMed1991

Psychological follow-up of women evaluated as oocyte donors.

Forty-five women were evaluated as candidates to donate oocytes to an infertile couple. Twenty-four women completed a cycle as oocyte donors. Follow-up data on donor satisfaction were obtained for 23 women. Ninety-one per cent were moderately to extremely satisfied with the experience and 74% would donate for another cycle if given the chance. Transient adverse psychological symptoms were reported by two donors but were resolved with medical or psychological treatment. Two women became pregnant soon after donation, one unintentionally. Psychological risk factors predicted donor candidates' decisions to participate and their compliance but were not predictive (within the group that completed a cycle) of donor satisfaction as follow-up or recipient pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Establishment of an oocyte donor program. Donor screening and selection.

IVF with donated oocytes, followed by embryo placement in the uterus of a recipient who has been primed with exogenous steroids, is a successful treatment for special cases of infertility. Preliminary results indicate that the success rate in this situation is even greater than that usually seen with normal IVF (with placement of the embryos back into the uteri of the women from whom the oocytes were recovered). Although different sources for donated oocytes have been identified, the use of "excess" oocytes from IVF cycles and the attempted collection of oocytes at the time of otherwise indicated pelvic surgery have ethical and practical problems associated with their use. We have herein described the establishment of a successful program relying on anonymous volunteers who go through ovarian stimulation, monitoring, and oocyte recovery procedures solely to donate oocytes. The potential donors go through an exhaustive screening and education process before they are accepted in the program. Psychological evaluation of our potential donors indicated a great degree of turmoil in their backgrounds and a wide variety of motivations for actually participating. Despite the extensive educational and screening process, a substantial percentage of the donors did not complete a donation cycle, having either voluntarily withdrawn or been dropped because of lack of compliance. Further investigation of the psychological aspects of participating in such a program is certainly warranted. The use of donated oocytes to alleviate specific types of infertility is quite successful, but the application of this treatment is likely to be limited by the relative unavailability of suitable oocyte donors.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Failure of spermatozoa from T/t mice to fertilize in vitro is overcome by zona drilling.

Failure of epididymal spermatozoa from T/t mutant mice, but not from t/t individuals, to fertilize oocytes in vitro was partially overcome by opening a small aperture in the zona pellucida with acidified Tyrode's solution to permit direct access of the spermatozoon to the vitellus. This study provides a model system to evaluate requirements for successful zona drilling in the treatment of human infertility and further insights into the effects of the t complex on sperm fertility.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Gamete processing in an environmental chamber: effect on in vitro fertilization outcome.

A study of mouse gamete processing for in vitro fertilization (IVF) under various conditions showed that it is necessary to control the atmosphere if the temperature is raised from 22 degrees C to 37 degrees C. The data suggest that maximum IVF success is attained by processing the gametes at 37 degrees C, under an atmosphere of 5% O2 and 5% CO2, and overlaying the medium with silicone oil.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Increased human menopausal gonadotropin dose during the early follicular phase: effect on follicular recruitment and treatment outcome.

To investigate whether the provision of increased gonadotropins would enhance follicular recruitment and selection, women not responding (N = 18) to our standard clomiphene citrate (CC)-human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) regimen were treated with increased hMG (treatment cycle II). Estradiol levels were higher in treatment cycle II and these differences were significant on days 8 and 9 (P less than or equal to 0.05 and P less than or equal to 0.03, respectively). On day 9, better follicular development was seen in cycle II (P less than or equal to 0.05). While none of the patients responded in cycle I, 10 of 18 responded in cycle II. Of the 10 responders, 2 conceived following in vitro fertilization and embryo placement. Increasing the dose of hMG improved the development of a cohort of follicles so that aspiration and possible pregnancy were achieved in women who were previously unresponsive to therapy.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1989

Combined clomiphene citrate (CC) and human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG) in a fixed schedule for follicular recruitment during in vitro fertilization: effects on premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges.

Recognizing the association between plasma progesterone (P) and an imminent LH surge, we investigated the frequency of P elevation in our stimulation protocol (clomiphene citrate-human menopausal gonadotropins). P was measured retrospectively on the day before, the day of, and the day after human chorionic gonadotropin hCG administration. The means +/- 2 standard deviations for P were as follows: day before hCG, 0.58 +/- 0.86; day of hCG, 0.64 +/- 0.56; and day after hCG, 1.47 +/- 1.22. Seven patients (8%) had P levels greater than 2 SD above the mean. Significant P elevations prior to hCG are infrequent with this protocol, and in the few patients with raised P a trend toward lowered fertilization was noted. The low incidence of P elevation may be secondary to the administration of hCG in a timely manner on the sixth day of estradiol (E2) rise.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1989

Failed fertilization in human in vitro fertilization analyzed with the deoxyribonucleic acid-specific fluorochrome Hoechst 33342.

The degree and normality of nuclear maturation were assessed with the fluorochrome Hoechst 33342 in two groups of inseminated human oocytes that had failed to undergo fertilization. Group 1 consisted of 67 oocytes from 27 patients, each of whom had at least two other oocytes that had been fertilized and had cleaved. Group 2 consisted of 65 oocytes from 14 patients, none of whose oocytes had been fertilized. In group 1, 52.3% of the oocytes were found to be immature (germinal vesicle stage or metaphase-telophase I), whereas in group 2 only 26% were found to be immature. Thus oocyte nuclear immaturity was the major cause of fertilization failure when companion oocytes were fertilized. When no oocytes of a patient were fertilized, most oocytes were found to be mature, so other factors, such as sperm dysfunction or zona binding abnormalities, must account for most of the fertilization failure in this group of patients.

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed1989

A program for matched, anonymous oocyte donation.

The authors' program for matched, anonymous oocyte donation has resulted in two successful pregnancies among the first eight oocyte recipients. All oocyte recipients to date have had ovarian failure or absence with premature ovarian failure the most common cause. All recipients were cycled on a program of incremental oral micronized estradiol and intramuscular progesterone-in-oil. Thirteen candidates for oocyte donation were screened to obtain 8 donors. One donor candidate was excluded because of her medical history. The psychological screening of 2 of the other donor candidates (who subsequently did not complete the donation cycle) revealed a primary motive of financial gain. In general, the psychological profiles of donor candidates revealed a high incidence of troubled families and either reproductive loss or loss of a parent. Ovarian stimulation of the donors followed our standard in vitro fertilization protocol. The recipients' exogenous steroid replacement continued until days 97 and 101, respectively, of the two gestations. Both pregnancies resulted in the delivery of normal singleton males--the first at 40 weeks, the second at 35 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hormonal regulation of human endometrial stromal cells in culture: an in vitro model for decidualization.

Stromal cells derived from proliferative or secretory human endometria, cultured in the absence of steroid hormones, grew as monolayers that showed only occasional areas of immunoreactive fibronectin and did not produce detectable levels of prolactin (PRL) or laminin. Treatment with physiological doses of estradiol and progesterone induced PRL production and stimulated cell proliferation, resulting in multilayering with an increase of the saturation density. Electron microscopy showed the development of gap junctions, whereas immunofluorescence revealed a dense pericellular matrix containing fibronectin and laminin. These findings show that human endometrial stromal cells in culture respond to physiological doses of ovarian hormones with ultrastructural, proliferative, and biochemical changes that are characteristic of decidualization in vivo. This culture system thus provides an in vitro model for human decidualization.

Cell Division↗