Biomedical subjects
M M Miller
Publications and source records attributed to M M Miller.
Professional burnout among speech-language pathologists.
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Monoclonal autoantibody production by hybrid cell lines.
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Parenteral toxicological profile of the monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic SQ 26,776 in mice, rats and dogs.
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Hemocyanin linked to protein A as an immunochemical labeling reagent for electron microscopy.
Hemocyanin-protein A (Hcy/A) is an immunochemical marker suitable for both transmission and scanning electron microscopy. A method is described for the preparation of highly monomeric Hcy/A where protein A and hemocyanin are present in the conjugate in a nearly equal molar ratio. Examples of Hcy/A labeling of several cellular antigens are provided.
Abnormal immunologic measurements in asthmatic children and adults.
Several immunologic measurements were evaluated in 128 asthmatic patients (81 pediatric and 47 adults) in an effort to examine the question of altered cell-mediated immunity in asthmatics. Both pediatric and adult patients showed alterations in some but not all measurements. The results indicate that there are differences among subgroups of asthmatics and in some cases between pediatric and adult patients.
Mechanism of hemodynamic responses to occlusion of the descending thoracic aorta.
To examine left ventricular responses to aortic occlusion, changes in end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) were estimated by ultrasonic recordings of myocardial distances in atropinized open-chest dogs. During aortic occlusion EDV and ESV increased equally, systolic left ventricular pressure (LVP) rose by 86 +/- 8 mmHg, and blood flow more than doubled in the superior vena cava and fell by 90% in the inferior vena cava. During combined occlusion of aorta and inferior vena cava, systolic LVP and superior vena cava flow did not rise above control and EDV declined. By infusing 25 +/- 2 ml/kg body wt of blood during combined occlusion, the effects of aortic occlusion could be reproduced; control values before blood infusion were reestablished by withdrawal of only one-third of the infused volume, indicating a shunt line along the spinal column. Thus during aortic occlusion, transfer of blood accounts for the rise in EDV and increased activation of the Frank-Starling mechanism; increased afterload raises ESV as much as EDV in anesthetized dogs not subjected to sympathetic stimulation. Consequently, stroke volume is maintained and systolic LVP increased.
The significance of the intact pericardium for cardiac performance in the dog.
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Hemocyanin-protein A, an immunochemical reagent for scanning and transmission electron microscopy.
A method is described for preparing hemocyanin-protein A (Hcy/A), a versatile labeling reagent for immunochemical electron microscopy. Because protein A has a specific affinity for the Fc region of immunoglobulins, Hcy/A can be used in indirect labeling with antisera prepared in several different animal species. Because of the distinctive shape and size of hemocyanin, Hcy/A labeling is adaptable to a number of preparative techniques for scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Hcy/A is a stable, highly monomeric conjugate (greater than 90% monomeric, i.e., units of approximately 35 X 50 nm) with a molar ratio of protein A to hemocyanin near unity. Hcy/A labeling is demonstrated using antisera from rabbits, mice and humans to localize cell surface and subcellular antigens. Included are the localization of developmentally expressed erythrocyte antigens, blood group antigens, acetylcholine receptors on Torpedo electroplax membrane fragments, and actin within a subcellular matrix.
Home as a place to die.
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Antiinflammatory drugs and gastric erosive disease in patients with arthritis.
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Characterization of a chick embryonic erythrocyte antigen using immunochemical electron microscopy.
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Cardiac performance: independent effects of inotropy and preload at high heart rate.
Linear relationships between stroke volume (SV) and heart rate (HR) were observed during right atrial pacing in open-chest dogs at control inotropy, during intravenous isoproterenol infusion and during blood volume expansion by saline infusion at HR exceeding 150 beats/min. The slope of these relationships remained constant during variations in inotropy, but rose during blood volume expansion. Myocardial chord lengths in the anterior left ventricular wall were continuously recored by ultrasonic technique to estimate left ventricular volume. When heart rate was increased, end-diastolic volume decreased more rapidly after than before blood volume expansion, explaining the increased slope of the SV/HR relationship. The end-diastolic volume and the SV/HR relationship were not influenced by changes in inotropy. After blood volume expansion by 57 +/- 13%, control end-diastolic volume was reestablished by increasing heart rate 84 +/- 20 beats/min. At identical end-diastolic volume, SV was equal at different HR. Thus, the effects on SV of changes in preload and inotropy are separable during right atrial pacing, and SV is independent of HR at constant preload and adrenergic stimulation.
Occlusion of acquired renal arteriovenous fistula with transcatheter electrocoagulation.
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Cardiac performance: optimal heart rate for maximal cardiac output.
To determine optimal heart rate for the maximal cardiac output at various levels of inotropy and blood volume, the relationship between heart rate (HR) and stroke volume (SV) was examined in anaesthetized dogs during right atrial pacing. Myocardial inotropy was raised by intravenous infusion of isoproterenol, a stimulator of adrenergic beta-receptors, and reduced by propranolol, an inhibitor of adrenergic beta-receptors. Circulating blood volume was increased by saline infusion. Within the range of optimal heart rate, SV and HR were inversely related: SV = k (HR0-HR), where k indicates the relationship between changes in SV and HR. The intercept with the HR axis is HR0. At constant HR a rise in inotropy increased SV and a fall in inotropy reduced SV. These changes in SV were eual at every HR, and k was therefore constant. In contrast, blood volume expansion increased SV more at low than at high HR (k increased), but HR0 was not significantly changed. Calculated maximal cardiac output: k.HR02/4, and optimal heart/rate: HR0/2, agreed with observations when maximal cardiac output was raised from 1900 to 4500 ml/min by increasing blood volume and inotropy. Optimal HR was not influenced by changes in blood volume, but was increased from 160 to 200 beats/min by increasing inotropy. We conclude that the optimal heart rate and the maximal cardiac output can be predicted from the linear relationship between SV and HR during right atrial pacing.
Myocardial ischemia. Relationship between local flow, function and ST-segment elevation.
The significance of reductions in local myocardial flow on mechanical function and intramural electrocardiograms (ECG) was studied in anesthetized open-chest dogs. Local dimensional changes in the anterior wall of the left ventricle were recorded by ultrasonic technique. By platinum electrodes in the same region, both intramural ECG and hydrogen tension were recorded. Local flow was calculated from hydrogen desaturation curves. At approx. 25% flow reduction (constriction of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD)) local enddiastolic dilation and reduced systolic shortening appeared. Significant ST-segment elevation first appeared with flow reduction of 50%. After complete LAD-occlusions, enddiastolic dilation appeared within 20 sec, ST-segment elevation 40 sec later. It is concluded that mechanical and electrical events can be dissociated during acute myocardial ischemia: enddiastolic dilation and reduced systolic shortening are more sensitive indicators of moderate reductions in myocardial tissue flow than ST-segment elevation.
Establishment and characterization of a cell line from the American opossum (Didelphys virginiana).
A permanent tissue-cultured cell line (designated OK) has been established from kidney tissue of an adult American opossum. The OK line has been characterized with respect to morphology, chromosome constitution, tissue-culture requirements, and attainable mitotic arrest. The cells are epithelial-like with a stable nondiploid chromosomal modal number of 23. Cells grown in Eagle's minimal essential medium with 10% fetal bovine serum have a mean doubling time of 18 hr. The cell line OK is potentially useful for the isolation and purification of the mammalian X chromosome because of the size differential between the smaller X's and the larger autosomes.
Efficiency of the Frank-Starling mechanism at various levels of inotropy and afterload during aortic insufficiency in the dog.
Reversible aortic insufficiency was produced in six dogs before and during aortic contrictions at control myocardial inotropy, during high and low inotropy induced by calcium infusion and propranolol administration, respectively. Myocardial chord lengths (MCL) of the left ventricular wall were continuously recorded by ultrasonic technique. Activation of the Frank-Starling mechanism during aortic insufficiency was verified by an increase in end-diastolic length and systolic shortening of MCL. Efficiency of the Frank-Starling mechanism was calculated as the quotient between the rise in systolic shortening and the rise in end-diastolic MCL. At control blood pressure, the efficiency of the Frank-Starling mechanism was 59 +/- 3, 76 +/- 6 and 53 +/- 6% at control, high and low inotropy, respectively. After raising systolic ventricular pressure 30-40 mmHg by aortic constriction, the efficiency of the Frank-Starling mechanism decreased at control inotropy to 41 +/- 7 and at low inotropy to 32 +/- 9% but did not decrease significantly at high inotropy (70 +/- 6%). During periods with aortic insufficiency, left ventricular afterload is increased and it is concluded that the apparent greater efficiency of the Frank-Starling mechanism at high than at low inotropy. At either level of inotropy and afterload examined and at constant heart rate, the Frank-Starling mechanism was activated on a beat to beat basis.