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Biomedical subjects

M M Kochen

Publications and source records attributed to M M Kochen.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Treatment of secretory diarrhea in AIDS with the somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995.

We have observed two patients with AIDS suffering from severe watery diarrhea refractory to conventional medical treatment. In the first patient the reason for the diarrhea could not be revealed in spite of extensive investigations; however, the clinical picture suggested cryptosporidia infection. In the second patient cytomegalovirus could be shown in colonic biopsy specimens. After failure of several attempts of symptomatic, antibiotic, and antiviral therapy, the long-acting somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 was administered to the patients subcutaneously in a dose between 2 x 50 micrograms and 3 x 100 micrograms/day. This treatment resulted in a prompt reduction of stool volume and bowel motions. Somatostatin may be a useful addition to the symptomatic treatment of refractory diarrhea in AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[HIV testing in general practice].

In the third quarter of 1987 a questionnaire was sent to 350 consecutive patients of a general practice for the purpose of ascertaining patients' willingness to be tested (if desired, anonymously) without charge for antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They were asked, among other questions, about their reasons for or against wanting the test, previous blood transfusions, drug dependence, homo- or bisexuality, and sexual contact with heroin addicts. Nearly half the questionnaires (162 were completed and returned. Of the responding patients 60% voted for, 40% against the test. The large majority of those for it reported no previous risk factors but wanted to have what they assumed would be a negative test confirmed in writing. In addition to this questionnaire study all clinical and anamnestic indications for HIV testing were documented over a six-month period (16 cases). Two heroin addicts and a homosexual male had a positive anti-HIV test, while all others were negative.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[HIV infection].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Changing biclonal gammopathy due to different lymphocyte clones in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with Kaposi's sarcoma.

We report the first case of acquired immunodeficiency-syndrome (AIDS) with Kaposi's sarcoma which at the same time has also a changing biclonal gammopathy (initial: double IgG-paraproteinaemia, later on IgA-IgG double-paraproteinaemia) due to different lymphocyte clones. The relationship of a B-cell neoplasia to a concurrent disease of T-cells is discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Prophylaxis of constipation by wheat bran: a randomized study in hospitalized patients.

To evaluate the efficacy of wheat bran in preventing constipation, 200 hospitalized patients were randomly allocated to groups receiving either a dietary supplement of 40 g bran daily or no dietary supplement at all. A quarter of the bran group patients refused to take their bran from the very beginning (refusers), one third stopped bran consumption during the study (dropouts), and only 42% of the patients continued on bran until discharge or death (participants). Independent of a previous history of constipation, neither the hospital incidence of constipation nor the average percentage of days on laxatives was significantly different between the bran group and the control group. Only the dropouts were significantly more constipated than the control patients, whereas no such difference could be demonstrated in the refusers or participants. It is concluded that the administration of bran as a prophylactic laxative confers no benefit in patients hospitalized for a relatively short time.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Avoidance of perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus: is passive immunisation always necessary?

Screening of 8918 pregnant women revealed that 107 (1.2%) were HBsAg-positive. 92 of them (50 of German and 42 of predominantly Asian origin) have already delivered and were followed up for 12 months together with their infants. 14 infants of HBeAg-positive (or anti-HBe-negative) carrier mothers received a single dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) immediately after birth, while 60 infants of anti-HBe-positive mothers were not immunised. 57 of the 60 "unprotected" children remained seronegative for HBsAg and HBeAg. 3 children showed HBs-antigenaemia immediately after birth; 2 of these lost HBsAg and developed anti-HBs after 6 and 9 months. The third lost HBsAg after 4 months without an antibody response developing. This suggests that the HBsAg particle only was transmitted rather than the whole virus. 12 of the 14 infants born to HBeAg-positive, or anti-HBe-negative carrier mothers were protected with one single high dose of HBIG. 2 had HBs-antigenaemia, 1 had HBeAg as well. These data show that in a West European population the risk of perinatally acquired HBV infection in the infants of anti-HBe-positive carrier mothers is small, and that passive immunisation of this group is not necessarily indicated.

Asia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Guidelines for back pain].

Chronic back pain is one of our society's most important health problems, causing long periods of sick leave and early retirements. Recently the German Society of General Practice and Family Medicine (DEGAM) published an evidence-based guideline for low back pain. It has been developed according to the 10-step concept of guideline development of the DEGAM, aiming for early detection of complicated clinical conditions, avoidance of unnecessary diagnostic tests and prevention of chronicity. Complicated, uncomplicated and radicular pain are defined by patient history and a short clinical examination. Imaging and further diagnostic tests are reserved for patients at risk. Basic therapy consists of structured advice. The aim of the guideline is to get patients back to their usual activity supported by effective pain relief. Psychosocial factors which are important for the prognosis should be evaluated already during the first consultation. Manual therapy might help in acute pain. Patients with persistent pain symptoms and long periods of sick leave should be transferred to multiprofessional management including pain treatment, behavioural therapy and physiotherapy. A randomised controlled trial has been set up to study the efficacy of guideline implementation.

Activities of Daily Living↗