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Biomedical subjects

M M Islam

Publications and source records attributed to M M Islam.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Promotion of proliferation of murine BALB/C3T3 fibroblasts mediated by nitric oxide at lower concentrations.

This study showed that nitric oxide (NO)-generating S-nitrosothiols, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), increased proliferation of BALB/c 3T3 (clone A31-1-1) fibroblasts in vitro. Treatment with SNAP at a relatively low concentration (0.005-0.02 mM) induced an increase in cell number compared to control. SNAP (0.005-0.02 mM) and GSNO (0.025-0.05 mM) both showed an increase of [3H]thymidine incorporation in exponentially growing cells in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal effect was observed at about 40 and 90% above control at 0.02 mM and 0.05 mM, respectively. The increase induced by 0.02 mM SNAP was abolished by the addition of 0.01 mM oxyhemoglobin, a scavenger of NO. [3H]Thymidine incorporation in stationary cells was also increased by SNAP. In addition, 0.02 mM SNAP produced a 1.8-3.2-fold increase of thymidine kinase activity in exponentially growing cells.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1997

Primary structure of the smallest (6.4-kDa) subunit of human and bovine ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase deduced from cDNA sequences.

Amino acid sequences of the smallest subunit of human and bovine ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase were deduced from nucleotide sequence of recombinant cDNA clones isolated by screening the corresponding cDNA libraries. Both proteins were composed of 56 amino acids. They were 84% homologous to each other in the coding nucleotide sequences and 88% homologous in the amino acid sequences. Southern blot analysis with human DNA suggested the presence of a single gene coding for the protein. Northern blot of human mRNAs from different tissues confirmed the existence of a single species of transcript among the tissues but the human gene is highly expressed in bioenergetically active tissues like heart and skeletal muscle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

Resistance to mineralocorticoids in Wistar-Furth rats.

Wistar-Furth rats (WF) do not develop hypertension when treated with salt and mineralocorticoids and therefore may be useful for investigating the mechanisms of mineralocorticoid action and hypertension. In the present studies, we determined vascular and renal responses of WF to mineralocorticoids. Control Wistar rats (W) developed deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-NaCl and dexamethasone hypertension, whereas WF rats developed dexamethasone hypertension only. Aldosterone treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells cultured from WF resulted in 82% less upregulation of angiotensin II radioligand binding, 50% less induction of angiotensin II AT1a receptor mRNA, and 76% less potentiation of angiotensin II-stimulated inositol phosphates than did aldosterone treatment of cells from W. Similarly, DOCA-NaCl potentiated angiotensin II- and phenylephrine-stimulated contractions in aortic rings from W but not from WF. Although DOCA-NaCl treatment affected hypokalemia to an equal degree in WF and W, increases in renal citrate synthase activity (a specific renal mineralocorticoid response) were greater in W than in WF. WF manifest a partial defect in mineralocorticoid responsiveness in vascular smooth muscle and, possibly, in the kidney.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1996

Users of traditional methods of contraception in Bangladesh: 1981-91.

This paper examines the changing patterns of knowledge, attitude and use of traditional methods of contraception, compared to modern methods, over the last five contraceptive prevalence surveys in Bangladesh (1981-91). The results show that knowledge of at least one method of family planning is universal in Bangladesh and usage is higher at all ages for women who are using modern methods than for those who are using traditional methods. Educated women and those in employment are more likely to use modern contraceptive methods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Adolescent contraceptive use and its determinants in Bangladesh: evidence from Bangladesh Fertility Survey 1989.

This study is concerned with contraceptive use among the currently married adolescents in Bangladesh utilizing the 1989 Bangladesh Fertility Survey (BFS) data. The study analyzes the factors affecting the current use of contraception among the adolescents through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results indicate that although adolescents have almost universal knowledge about contraceptive methods, only 15 percent are currently using any method of contraception. The corresponding figures for the adults and for the nation as a whole are 34.4 percent and 31.4 percent, respectively. Among the individual methods currently used by the adolescents, the pill appears as the most popular method, followed by safe period. A substantial proportion of the adolescents were found to rely on the traditional methods of contraception. Among the socio-economic variables (as revealed by the logistic regression analysis), respondents' education, participation in the family planning decision, visit by family planning workers, region of residence, husband's occupation and possession of electricity in the household appear as the most significant factors determining the current use of contraception among the adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Pathology of shigellosis and its complications.

One hundred and thirty-three colonic biopsies of proven cases of Shigella colitis were examined and post-mortem examinations were carried out on 29 fatal cases at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) hospital between 1988 and 1992. The distribution of pathological lesions and the spectrum of histopathological changes in the intestinal tract of these patients, and the features of intestinal and extra-intestinal complications of shigellosis are presented. Septicaemia, hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia and hypoglycaemia were present in a high percentage of these cases. All but two patients were malnorished at the time of autopsy. Shigellosis patients rapidly became hypoproteinaemic and were susceptible to other infections including opportunistic infections. Mortality amongst shigellosis patients admitted to our hospital continues to be high in spite of adequate antibiotic and supportive therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A complete cDNA sequence for core I protein subunit of human ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase.

Core I protein is the largest subunit of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase. We have isolated a complete cDNA clone of 1575 bp encoding the precursor to this protein by screening a human fibroblast cDNA library. Nucleotide sequence comparison showed that the human core I protein cDNA is about 85% homologous with the reported bovine counter part but with a large difference in the length of coding region which consists of 480 amino acids in human and 362 amino acids in bovine. Human core I protein is presumed to contain a presequence of 34 amino acids. Amino acid sequence alignment study showed that the predicted human core I protein has a significant homology with other members of matrix processing peptidase (MPP) and processing enhancing protein (PEP) family.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Sharing of virulence-associated properties at the phenotypic and genetic levels between enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and Hafnia alvei.

Seven strains of Hafnia alvei isolated from diarrhoeal stools of children resembled enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) in that they produced attaching-effacing (AE) lesions in rabbit ileal loops and fluorescent actin staining in infected HEp-2 cells. In addition, a DNA probe from a chromosomal gene required by EPEC to produce AE lesions, hybridised to chromosomal DNA from all seven H. alvei strains. These findings indicate that there is a sharing of virulence-associated properties at the phenotypic and genetic levels by H. alvei and EPEC. H. alvei strains with these properties should be considered diarrhoeagenic.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed1992

Pathogenesis of Providencia alcalifaciens-induced diarrhea.

Providencia alcalifaciens is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. There are reports that P. alcalifaciens can cause diarrhea, but the mechanism(s) by which it causes diarrhea is known. We studied P. alcalifaciens isolated from a child and two adults with diarrhea for enteropathogenicity. The three isolates did not exhibit any characteristic adherence to cultured HEp-2 cell monolayers, and they did not produce enterotoxins, cytotoxins, or keratoconjunctivitis in the Sereny test. Two isolates invaded cultured HEp-2 cell monolayers, producing localized bacterial clusters and actin condensation. The pattern of actin condensation was different from that produced by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli but similar to that produced by Shigella flexneri. Invasion and actin condensation were poor for the third isolate. Histology of adult rabbit small intestinal loops inoculated with all three isolates revealed bacterial attachment to, penetration of, and microulcer formation on the surface epithelium and hyperemia, edema, and polymorphonuclear cell infiltration of lamina propria. All the isolates produced diarrhea in rabbits with removable intestinal ties, and some of these rabbits developed hindlimb paralysis. Intestinal histology of the rabbits with removable intestinal ties which developed diarrhea showed changes similar to that in adult rabbits on which ileal loop assays had been performed. Transmission electron microscopy of intestinal tissues also confirmed tissue penetration by the isolates. Nerve tissue histology of two rabbits that developed hindlimb paralysis showed focal mononuclear cell infiltration around peripheral nerve sheaths. It is concluded that some strains of P. alcalifaciens are enteropathogenic and that they cause diarrhea by invading the intestinal mucosal epithelium. However, the relevance to human disease of the hindlimb paralysis observed in this animal model is not clear.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Outbreak of keratoconjunctivitis due to Salmonella weltevreden in a guinea pig colony.

The purpose of this report is to demonstrate that the ability to produce keratoconjunctivitis (KC) is a property found in Salmonella weltevreden. This observation is contrary to previous reports that Salmonella spp. do not produce KC. An outbreak of KC due to S. weltevreden occurred in a guinea pig colony, and the animals carried the organism in the intestinal tract. The same Salmonella serotype that caused an epidemic of diarrhea in humans and a routine laboratory isolate also possessed the ability to induce KC. Unlike Shigella spp. (the prototype organisms positive for KC), S. weltevreden induced KC and bound Congo red dye even when grown at 30 degrees C. It invaded HeLa cells in culture but did not hybridize with a DNA probe for invasiveness of Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli even though it harbored plasmids. It was susceptible to all the antibiotics tested, was hydrophobic, and showed mannose-sensitive hemagglutination. It did not have enterotoxic or cytotoxic activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

An analysis of the empirical relationship between contraceptive prevalence and fertility in Bangladesh.

"This paper presents an empirical relationship between contraceptive prevalence and fertility [in Bangladesh]. It also shows how much the level of contraceptive practice is to be raised to reach a targeted level of fertility on the assumption that all other intermediate variables that influence the fertility remain constant. Regression analysis has been used to measure the relationship. A formula derived from Bongaarts's model is used to find the level of contraceptive practice required to reach a targeted fertility." Data are from a variety of sources, including four contraceptive prevalence surveys carried out between 1979 and 1985, the 1975 Bangladesh Fertility Survey, and official statistical sources.

Asia↗