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Biomedical subjects

M M Evans

Publications and source records attributed to M M Evans.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the common bile duct.

Gastric heterotopia within the biliary system is rare and is generally an incidental finding. Only a few patients have biliary symptoms specifically attributable to heterotopia. A unique case of symptomatic gastric heterotopia of the common bile duct is presented and the literature reviewed.

Adolescent

Association of handedness and birth order in monozygotic twins.

In a random sample of 104 pairs of middle-class Caucasian, handedness-discordant twins six years of age or older, a significant relationship has been found between birth order and handedness in monozygotic twins, there being an excess of left-handed among first-born twins (P less than 0.01). No such relation has been found in dizygotic twins.

Birth Order

Maternal effects on fingertip dermatoglyphics.

Significantly larger variation between sibships within families of male MZ twins than between sibships within families of female MZ twins, indicative of maternal influences, was found for 10 of 41 dermatoglyphic fingertip variables. Of these, five were thumb-related with the effect primarily on the thumb radial and ridge count (larger of radial and ulnar count). These same variables were previously found to have unequal variances in MZ twins of known placental type, and the results indicate maternal influences in singletons as well as twins for these variables. Although the total ridge count (TRC), previously shown to differ in MZ twins of known placental type (paralleling the thumb radial and ridge counts) did not reach significance, the trend indicated that the observed thumb changes may be reflected in the TRC as well. Little finger pattern type and ulnar counts also showed less variability in families of female MZ twins, but the interpretation is complicated by the concomitant differences in mean squares within-sibships for these little finger variables.

Dermatoglyphics

Dominance and environmental variances: their effect on heritabilities estimated from twin data.

A method for partitioning genetic variance estimated from twin data into additive and dominance variances was presented using Falconer's variance component model. The effects of dominance and environmental variances on a number of heritability estimates were also reviewed. A heritability estimate, based on the analysis of variance and the genetic variance estimates presented by HASEMAN and ELSTON and CHRISTIAN et al. which utilizes all available information from twin data, was proposed and discussed. This estimate seems to be the least affected by fluctuations in the magnitudes of dominance and environmental variances.

Analysis of Variance