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Biomedical subjects

M Luther

Publications and source records attributed to M Luther.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Perfusion scintigraphy of the myocardium in cardiological diagnosis. Coronary diseases, primary myocardial diseases and rheumatic heart valve diseases].

In 123 patients perfusion scintigrams were compared with the data of clinical investigation, right and left heart catheterisation and coronary arteriography. The intracoronary application of radioactive labelled human-albumin-microspheres and human-microaggregates were without any complications. The patients suffered from coronary heart diseases, primary myocardial diseases and rheumatic valvula heart diseases. There was a good correlation between the myocardial perfusion defect and the degree of coronary artery stenoses. Furthermore an excellent correlation was found between perfusion defects and levocardiographic findings: left ventricular aneurysms, akinetic or hypokinetic areas and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle. All myocardial infarctions were detected by a perfusion defect in the scintigrams. In 16 cardiacsurgery-patients large myocardial perfusion defects were found to be myocardial scars. In primary myocardial diseases perfusion scintigraphy is an effective method of detecting pathological myocardial patterns. The degree of perfusion defects correlates excellently with the levocardiographic findings. It seems that in rheumatic valvular diseases perfusion-scintigraphy is a method to discover rheumatic myocardial abnormalities--probably scar tissue. In comparison with thallium scintigrams it was shown that extensive myocardial failures (aneurysms) can be represented by both nuclear medical procedures but that perfusion scintigraphy is more sensitive and correlates more closely to the levocardiogram findings.

Angiography↗
PubMed1977

[Scintigraphy of the myocardium. Comparative study between thallium and perfusion scintigrams (author's transl)].

In a total of 51 patients (26 with coronary heart diseases, 25 with primary myocardial diseases), the myocardial scintigrams after intracoronary particle injection (perfusion scintigraphy) and after intravenous nuclide injection with accumulation in the myocardium (thallium scintigraphy) were compared with each other and set against the coronary angiographic and levocardiographic findings. It was shown that extensive myocardial failures (aneurysms) can be represented by both nuclear medical procedures, but that perfusion scintigraphy is more sensitive and correlates more closely to the levocardiogram findings. Smaller abnormalities of contraction of the left ventricle (hypokinetic and akinetic areas) were always shown in the perfusion scintigram, more seldom in the thallium scintigram. The outstanding advantage of thallium scintigraphy is that it is non-invasive, it can be repeated as often as desired and is easily performed during ergometric stress.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of D0870 and fluconazole in the treatment of murine cryptococcal meningitis.

Cryptococcal meningitis is a common infection in patients with AIDS. Using a murine cryptococcosis model, we compared treatment with a new triazole, D0870, and fluconazole. Groups of ICR (Institute for Cancer Research) mice were infected intracerebrally with eight different isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans variety neoformans with different in vitro susceptibilities to fluconazole. For survival studies mice were challenged with two to four times LD(50) or six to nine times LD(50). Treatment was given for 10 days. Mice were observed through to day 30. To assess the effect of treatment on fungal tissue burden, mice received a three to five times LD(50) inoculum and treatment for 10 days. They were sacrificed on day 12 and serial dilutions of brain homogenates were cultured. Fluconazole prolonged survival primarily in isolates which were susceptible in vitro. D0870 prolonged survival in all isolates except one, which was also resistant in vitro to D0870 and fluconazole. Both drugs reduced colony counts of all isolates. D0870 warrants further development for use in cryptococcosis, and appears effective for isolates relatively resistant to fluconazole. There is a relative correlation of in vivo and in vitro susceptibility to D0870 as well as fluconazole.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Survey of the taxonomic and tissue distribution of microsomal binding sites for the non-host selective fungal phytotoxin, fusicoccin.

The recent identification of the fusicoccin-binding protein (FCBP) in plasma membranes from monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous angiosperms has opened the basis for an elucidation of the toxin's mechanism(s) of action and indicated a widespread occurrence of the FCBP in plants. Results of a detailed taxonomic survey of fusicoccin-binding sites are reported. Binding sites were not found in prokaryotes, animal tissues, fungi and algae including the most direct extant ancestors of the land plants (Coleochaete). From the Psilotales (Psilophytatae) to the monocotyledonous angiosperms, all taxa analyzed possessed high-affinity microsomal fusicoccin-binding sites. A heterogeneous picture emerged for the Bryophyta. Anthoceros crispulus (Anthocerotae), the only hornwort available to study, lacked fusicoccin binding. Within the Hepaticae as well as the Musci, species lacking and species exhibiting toxin binding were found. The binding site thus seems to have emerged very early in the evolution of the land plants. The tissue distribution of fusicoccin-binding sites was studied in Vicia faba L. shoots. All tissues analyzed showed fusicoccin binding, although not to the same extent. On a per-cell basis, guard cells were found to contain, compared to mesophyll cells, a nine-fold higher number of binding sites. Based on cell surface area, the site density is by a factor of 32 higher in guard cells than in mesophyll cells. Tissue specific expression of the binding sites is suggested by these findings.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of synchronous and asynchronous pulsatile flow during left, right, and biventricular bypass.

Ventricular assist devices augment aortic or pulmonary flow while the patient's heart recovers from surgery or infarction. Most are used in the asynchronous full-to-empty mode, but they also may be used in a synchronous counter-pulsation mode. This study examines which assist mode optimally reduces myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2). Eighteen pigs were instrumented with pulmonary artery, carotid artery, and coronary sinus catheters for determination of MVO2. Pierce-Donachy Ventricular Assist Devices (VAD) were used in left, right, or biventricular assist mode. Fifteen minute periods each of control, synchronous, and asynchronous bypass were randomly instituted. The mid-left anterior descending coronary artery was then ligated, and the sequence repeated. At the end of each period, MVO2 was determined. In comparison with controls, MVO2 was statistically significant in the BIVAD asynchronous mode only. Synchronized counterpulsation did not decrease MVO2. When ventricular assist devices are used to aid in cardiac recovery postoperatively or postmyocardial infarction, biventricular assist should be used.

Animals↗