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Biomedical subjects

M Lorr

Publications and source records attributed to M Lorr.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Two objective measures of self-esteem.

Two scales were constructed to assess self-esteem, conceptualized as reflecting (a) feelings of competence and efficacy, and (b) perceived positive appraisal from significant others. To control for response bias a paired choice format was chosen for the items constructed. A buffer scale designed to measure social assertiveness was also included. Data were collected on three samples of high school boys. The item intercorrelations were subjected to principal component analyses followed by Varimax rotations. In each of the three analyses factors of Confidence, Popularity (Social Approval), and Social Assertiveness emerged. The revised self-esteem scales, each defined by 11 items, have been shown to have acceptable reliability and some concurrent validity based on correlations with the well-known Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Profile patterns in the 16PF questionnaire.

The study goal was to identify the main clusters of 16PF score profiles to be found in a mixed sample of students and adults. The 300 subjects represented, half male and half female, were subdivided into three equal subsamples. To demonstrate replicability, the three subsamples were cluster analyzed by three procedures: Nonhierarchical average linkage, minimum variance, and K-means. Four profile clusters were identified and replicated across two or three samples and for all three methods. The results were compared with those reported by other investigators.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

Factors common to the ISI and the 16PF inventories.

This study tested for five higher-order dimensions hypothesized to be common to the Interpersonal Style (ISI) and the 16PF questionnaires. A sample of detoxified alcohol dependent inpatients (N = 50) were administered the ISI and the 16PF on two separate occasions. The 31 scale intercorrelations were analyzed by the method of principal axes. An oblique factor structure obtained by use of the Promax procedure confirmed the factors expected. These were interpreted as representing Self Control, Interpersonal Involvement or Exvia, Emotional Stability or reversed 16PF Anxiety, Independence, and Level of Socialization. At least two or three closely similar higher-order factors have been isolated on each of three other popular inventories (PRF, CPI and GZTS). The existence of such common dimensions should facilitate the interpretation and confirmation of distinctive score profiles.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1982

Evidence for bipolar mood states.

Currently, the mood states are regarded as monopolar. This study tested in psychiatric subjects for the presence of five bipolar mood states after the influence of extreme response bias had been removed. The affective states hypothesized were: composed vs anxious, agreeable vs hostile, energetic vs fatigued, elated vs depressed, and clear-thinking vs confused. The sample of 303 cases included anxious, depressed and agoraphobic cases. Ratings of the 72 adjectives of the Profile of Mood States were intercorrelated. After extreme response bias score was partialled out the resulting correlations were analyzed by the method of principal components. The five factors isolated clearly support the bipolar nature of mood states postulated.

Agoraphobia↗
PubMed1979

Measures of motivation.

Tested four new scales and replicated earlier findings of the Orientation and Motivation Inventory with 159 boys and 166 girls in four grades of a high school. Each of the 12 scales was subdivided for analyses into two halves. The intercorrelations among the 24 scale halves were analyzed by the method of principal components to identify 11 factors for boys and 10 for girls. Ten of the twelve postulated dimensions were confirmed in the varimax solution for each sex. A factor analysis of the correlations among the 12 scale scores disclosed five similar second order dimensions for boys and for girls. These were hypothesized to reflect Status Seeking, Belief in own Potency, Seeking and Helping People, Theoretical Interests. and Risk-Taking preference.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Are mood states bipolar?

Aims were (a) to test whether or not mood state factors are bipolar when response styles are controlled, and (b) to test whether the mood states conform to a circular order Intensity ratings were collected from 204 college students on a 63-adjective scale defining nine moods. Another sample of 127 rated their moods on modified four-category certainty scales. Factor analyses of the 63 adjective correlations disclosed seven monopolar factors. When acquiscence was controlled, the analysis yielded four bipolar and one monopolar mood states. The analyses of the data collected on the modified ratings form, which minimized response bias, disclosed three bipolar moods (composed-anxious, energetic-tired, agreeable-grouchy) and two monopolar states (cheerful and dejected). The hypothesis of a circular order of mood states received some support.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1978

The Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory: analysis and partial validation of a modified adult form.

Determined the factor structure of an adult form of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory (SEI), tested several hypotheses related to its content, and assessed the utility of the five derived scores for differentiating psychiatric outpatients from normals. The modified Self-Esteem Inventory and six other scales were completed by 200 local-government employees. A principal components analysis of correlations among 58 SEI items and two marker variables revealed five factors. The rotated dimensions were labelled (1) anxiety; (2) defensiveness; (3) negative social attitude; (4) rejection of self; and (5) inadequacy of self. Fifty psychiatric outpatients were compared with 100 normals with respect to the five derived factor scores. Tests of significance indicated that the two groups differed significantly on all measures except the defensiveness or lie scale factor. It is concluded that the Coopersmith Inventory is complex and measures several characteristics in addition to self-esteem.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Personality correlates of the sex role types.

Tested three hypotheses with regard to the differences among four sex-role types. Ss were 423 girls and 225 boys in five private high schools in grades 9 to 12. Each volunteer S completed the Berm Sex Role Inventory, the Interpersonal Style Inventory, and Loevinger's Sentence Completion Test. Ss were categorized or typed as Masculine, Feminine, Androgynous and Undifferentiated on the basis of their masculine and feminine BSRI scores. A discriminant function was applied to compare the groups with respect to the ISI scores. The first dimension of difference for both sexes was defined by the Masculine typed group and the second dimension by the Feminine typed group. The Androgynous typed group scored high on both axes, while the Undifferentiated scored low on both axes. The Masculine typed group was most directive, achieving, and independent. The Feminine group was highest on nurturance, tolerance and sensitivity. The Androgynous members were balanced with respect to the above characteristics. Comparison of the groups, separated by sex, as to ego development score, indicated that the male undifferentiated were significantly lower.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

First-order factor structure of the Personality Research Form.

To establish the first-order factor structure of the Personality Research Form, a high school sample of 327 boys and a college sample of 215 men and women were administered Form AA. Principal component analyses were made, in both samples, of the 20 scales subdivided into two subsets. Nine factors were found to be equivalent in the college and high school data. Comparison with Edwards and Abbott analyses revealed substantial agreement. It was concluded that 12 scales could be used to measure the constructs embodied in the Personality Research Form.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1976

Dimensions of temperament: an analysis.

The TDOT recast into a single stimulus format was administered to 150 college Ss. A factor analysis of the items followed by an analysis of item clusters that define each factor indicated the presence of 14 dimensions. Of the 10 bipolar scales of the TDOT, 3 were confirmed as independent dimensions, and 5 were confirmed in part or split into unipolar factors.

Anger↗
PubMed1975

Interpersonal styles of Vietnam Era veterans.

The study aims were to identify the interpersonal style characteristics of Vietnam Era veterans by comparison with World War II veterans. The sample included 3,075 veterans in treatment in 47 VA health care facilities. Patients were categorized as medical-surgical, psychiatric, and drug addicted, and divided by age into the 24 or less, and the 45 to 55 age groups. The measuring device was the Interpersonal Style Inventory. Group differences on the 17 scores were tested by discriminant function analyses. The Vietnam Era veterans were found to be more rebellious, mistrustful, adventure-seeking and expedient than the older veterans.

Adolescent↗