Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Lopes.
A 36-year-old man, who was an intravenous drug abuser, developed thoracic herpes zoster, paronychia, oral candidosis, necrotizing gingivitis and bilateral parotid salivary gland swelling. Granulomatous oral lesions and ulceration on the nose were shown to be due to disseminated histoplasmosis.
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Clinical studies were carried out on mild Indian sickle cell anaemia in Malaysia, and genetic and fertility studies were carried out on 101 families with and without sickle-cell haemoglobin (Hb S). The Indian sickle cell anaemia patients reached adulthood, and pregnancies and deliveries were uneventful without blood transfusion. There was no foetal wastage and the number of children produced was not significantly different from that in families without Hb S. 28 Indian patients hospitalized with Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection were also examined for their beta S genotype. P. falciparum malaria infection occurred much more frequently in individuals without Hb S than in Hb S carriers.
The serotonergic antagonist ketanserin (K) was compared to methyldopa (M) in a four-center international study in 119 hypertensive patients over 50 years of age. After a 4-week placebo run-in period, patients randomly received K (20-40 mg b.i.d.) or M (250-500 mg b.i.d.) for 3 months. The drugs were given in monotherapy for at least 1 month, then a diuretic could be added if blood pressure remained abnormally high. For the patients on monotherapy, active drug was replaced by placebo at the end of the 3-month period until the patients were hypertensive again. K and M had a similar effect on systolic blood pressure, but diastolic blood pressure was reduced significantly more by K than by M. Significantly more patients had their blood pressure normalized in the K group (75%) than in the M group (49%). The twice daily dosage schedule caused trough blood pressure control with both drugs. No rebound hypertension occurred at discontinuation of treatment. Monotherapy with K caused a decrease in heart rate (-5 beats/min) while M produced no change. Body weight decreased with K (-0.5 kg) and increased with M (+ 0.4 kg). No important hematological or biochemical changes were seen with either drug. Slightly fewer patients reported adverse reactions during K monotherapy (40%) than with M (45%). In the latter group mainly central side effects were observed. The data confirm K to be an effective first-line antihypertensive agent with a favorable side-effect profile.
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Two Chinese patients with HbQ-alpha 2 74 Asp replaced by His beta 2-alpha-thalassemia, one HbQ-alpha 2 74 or 75 Asp replaced by His beta 2 carrier, and one HbG-alpha 2 30 Glu replaced by Gln beta 2 carrier were studied to determine the number of alpha-globin genes in their chromosomes. DNA was isolated from white blood cells and bone marrow cells and studied by liquid hybridization and by hybridization of DNA fragments obtained by restriction enzyme endonuclease digestion (Ecr to nitrocellulose filters. The liquid hybridization analysis showed that in HbQ-alpha 2 74 Asp replaced by His beta 2-alpha-thalassemia, as in HbH disease, only one-fourth of the usual number of alpha-globin genes is present. Hybridization patterns of DNA restriction enzyme fragments showed that in HbQ-alpha 2 74 Asp replaced by His beta 2-alpha-thalassemia one chromosome has both alpha-globin genes deleted and the other chromosome, which carries the alpha-mutant gene, has one alpha-globin gene deleted. Our results show that the HbQ-alpha 74 Asp replaced by His structural gene is located adjacent to a deleted alpha-globin gene, whereas the alpha-globin gene adjacent to HbG-alpha 30 Glu replaced by Gln gene is not deleted.
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