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Biomedical subjects

M Lombard

Publications and source records attributed to M Lombard.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Noninvolvement of a constitutional heritable fragile site at 10q24.2 in rearranged chromosomes from rectal carcinoma cells.

A fragile site in chromosome band 10q24.2 was found in the lymphocytes of a patient ascertained for rectal carcinoma. The karyotype of 110 R-banded tumor cells was performed, showing two stemline formulas: 46,XXY,-1,-18,+20,der(6),t(1;6)(q21.1;q22.3),i(17q) and 46,XY,-1,-18,+8,+20,der(6),t(1;6),del(2)(p1600p22),i(17q). These findings are in agreement with our previous studies, which reported that the rearrangement of chromosome #17 and the loss of chromosome #18 are recurrent anomalies in colorectal carcinomas. In addition to these rearrangements, other anomalies were occasionally observed in tumor cells, but no breakages nor rearrangements involving band 10q24.2. The relationships between fragile sites and cancer breakpoints are discussed.

Chromosome Banding↗
PubMed1987

The application of the ELISA technique to the serology of chlamydiosis in goats: statistical evaluation of a method.

The evaluation of the ELISA technique has been studied in the special case of its application to the serological diagnosis of chlamydiosis in goats. The results showed that this technique is reliable (accurate and reproducible) and efficient. Sera from 96 goats were studied with the ELISA technique, indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and complement fixation (CF), the latter being the standard method in France. A comparison of the results revealed a similarity of findings with ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence and the greater sensitivity of the ELISA technique relative to that of complement fixation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The rate of chromosome breakage is age dependent in lymphocytes of adult controls.

Chromosome breaks and chromatid-type lesions from a prospective study of more than 1000 lymphocyte karyotypes from each of six controls were analysed. These lesions were more frequent in older (75 years old on average) than in younger (29 years old on average) controls, especially after 72 h cultures. All controls were found to be carriers of fragile sites. The most frequent were 3p14.3 and 16q23, especially in older controls. At least one fra (X) (q27) mitosis was found in each control. Most deletions occurred after breakage in heterochromatin or in late-replicating euchromatin. As almost all radials were either "mitotic chiasmata" or triradials (branched chromosomes), it is concluded that chromatid exchanges between non-homologous segments are very rare, and indicate chromosomal instability syndrome or recent exposure to a mutagen.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Percutaneous nephrolithotomy: perspectives for the future. Analysis of 250 cases in 3 years' experience].

The authors report their experience of percutaneous nephrolithotomy over a period of three years. The analysis of the first 250 cases performed reveals a low morbidity, with serious complications in 1% of cases, and an acceptable complete success rate of 83%. The indications for percutaneous nephrolithotomy have been modified since the opening of an extracorporeal lithotripsy unit. The choice between the two techniques depends on their efficacy and their expected morbidity based on four criteria: the volume, chemical composition and site of the stone and the morphology of the upper urinary tract. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the treatment of choice for large stones (greater than 2.5 cm), hard stones or those formed proximally to a stenotic lesion of the urinary tract, which can then be dilated at the same procedure. A combination of the two methods is sometimes uses to treat staghorn calculi with a success rate of 80%. On the other hand, very large staghorn calculi with caliceal branches are best treated by open surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Inversion (14)(q12qter) or (q11.2q32.3): the most frequently acquired rearrangement in lymphocytes.

In a large study of chromosome rearrangements occurring in human lymphocytes from normal subjects, inv (14)(q12qter) or (q11.2q32.3) is found to be the most frequent, affecting 0.15% of mitoses. The same inversion is observed in the lymphocytes of the chimpanzee, indicating the ancestry of this inversion. It is not induced by ionizing radiations, and its frequency may be increased in Fanconi anemia, but not in ataxia telangiectasia. It may represent one of the steps of the process of leukemogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Mosaic tetrasomy 12p.

Mosaic tetrasomy 12p is a dysmorphic syndrome which has been described under the name of Pallister mosaic syndrome and Teschler-Nicola/Killian syndrome and has sometimes been incorrectly interpreted as tetrasomy 21. Here we report the first case to be diagnosed prenatally and confirmed by enzyme assays, and we summarize the clinical and biological characteristics of all the cases reported so far under various names.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

[Cytogenetic study of Cercopithecus wolfi, Cercopithecus erythrotis and a hybrid Cercopithecus ascanius X Cercopithecus pogonias grayi].

The karyotypes of two species of Cercopithecus, C. wolfi and C. erythrotis, as well as that of a hybrid C. ascanius X C. pogonias grayi, are described and compared. The karyotype of C. erythrotis is similar to that of C. ascanius and C. cephus described previously. The karyotypes of C. wolfi and C. p. grayi differ by a single inversion. The karyotype of the hybrid shows that the two parental species differ by five rearrangements, three fissions and two inversions, an observation in agreement with our previous interpretation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Current problems in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

In spite of multiple problems, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis is now an acceptable alternative treatment for end-stage renal failure. With proper care and attention to detail, many of its problems can be reduced or eliminated. It is particularly suitable for the very old, the very young and the patient living a long distance from the centre, and it is the treatment of choice for diabetes mellitus prior to transplantation.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder↗
PubMed1984

[Great degree of homology between the ancestral karyotype of squirrels (rodents) and that of primates and carnivores].

The karyotype of 7 species of Sciurinae representative of 6 tribes were compared: Atlantoxerus getulus, Menetes berdmorei, Callosciurus flavimanus, Heliosciurus gambianus, Sciurus vulgaris, Eutamias sibiricus, and Marmota monax. Homoeologies between almost all chromosome segments were found. Numerous similarities with the karyotypes of certain Primates and Carnivora were observed. A presumed ancestral karyotype of the Sciurinae is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Chromosomal phylogeny of Gerbillidae. III. Species study of the genera Tatera, Taterillus, Psammomys and Pachyuromys].

The karyotypes of six species of Gerbillidae (Rodentia)--Taterillus congicus, Tetarillus sp d'Oursi, Tatera sp cf. nigrita, Tatera guineae, Psammomys obesus, and Pachyuromys duprasi--are described and compared to those of species already studied. Many chromosomal homoeologies are demonstrated, as well as the existence of many rearrangements. Some genera, e.g., Taterillus, have undergone a very complex chromosomal evolution, while others have kept their karyotypes fairly close to that of the common ancestor.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Chromosomal phylogeny of forty-two species or subspecies of cercopithecoids (Primates Catarrhini).

After comparison of the chromosomes of 42 species or subspecies belonging to Cercopithecinae, Papioninae and Colobidae, a phylogeny based on the sequence of chromosomal rearrangements is proposed for Cercopithecoidea. From their last common ancestor, which possessed 46 chromosomes, a trifurcation gave 3 branches, very unequal as regards chromosomal rearrangements. One, very short, leads to Papioninae. Another, still poorly known, leads to Colobidae. The last branch leads to a further bifurcation, separating 2 groups of Cercopithecinae, with underwent the most active chromosomal evolution. A tentative to reconcile chromosomal, biochemical and morphological data is presented for Papioninae, for which chromosome study alone is not sufficient to construct a cladogram.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Ultrasonographic appearances in three cases of pancreas divisum (author's transl)].

Pancreas divisum is an embryological malformation resulting from imperfect fusion of the dorsal and ventral parts of the gland. In this not infrequently observed anomaly, the excretory systems of the two parts remain independent, secretion being through the principal papilla for the ventral, and the accessory papilla for the dorsal pancreas. The pathogenic role of this malformation is now well established. Ultrasonographic findings in the three cases reported, particularly the intrapancreatic pathway of the superior mesenteric vein, were sufficiently atypical for this congenital malformation to be suspected.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Cytogenetics of two Lorisidae (Nycticebus coucang and Perodicticus potto). Comparison with the lemurs and the simians (author's transl)].

The karyotypes of two Lorisidae (Prosimians) Nycticebus coucang and Perodicticus potto have been studied, using many banding techniques. These karyotypes are compared with each other and also with those of Microcebus murinus (Lemur) and of Cebus capucinus (Simian, platyrrhine). The karyotype of M. murinus appears ancestral to the other. That of the Lorisidae cannot be an intermediatry stage between the karyotypes of the lemurs and of the simians. An important part (12 p. cent) of the genome of N. coucang is comprised of heterochromatin ; it and the juxta centromeric heterochromatin stain negatively with C-banding techniques. C-banding therefore is insufficient to delineate constitutive heterochromatin, late replication being the only universal criterion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Portal hypertension treated by left gastro-epiploic to left renal vein anastomosis: case report.

A case of portal hypertension is presented in which because of the presence of multiple thromboses of the main portal branches one of the usual portasystemic shunts could not be performed. An anastomosis between an enlarged left gastro-epiploc vein and the left renal vein was successfully carried out. Six months after surgery the patient was well and no further haemorrhage had occured.

Female↗