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Biomedical subjects

M Lockett

Publications and source records attributed to M Lockett.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

An ancestral Ashkenazi haplotype at the HMPS/CRAC1 locus on 15q13-q14 is associated with hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome.

The putative locus for hereditary mixed polyposis syndrome (HMPS) in a large family of Ashkenazi descent (SM96) was previously reported to map to chromosome sub-bands 6q16-q21. However, new clinical data, together with molecular data from additional family members, have shown 6q linkage to be incorrect. A high-density genomewide screen for the HMPS gene was therefore performed on SM96, using stringent criteria for assignment of affection status to minimize phenocopy rates. Significant evidence of linkage was found only on a region on chromosome 15q13-q14. Since this region encompassed CRAC1, a locus involved in inherited susceptibility to colorectal adenomas and carcinomas in another Ashkenazi family (SM1311), we determined whether HMPS and CRAC1 might be the same. We found that affected individuals from both families shared a haplotype between D15S1031 and D15S118; the haplotype was rare in the general Ashkenazi population. A third informative family, SM2952, showed linkage of disease to HMPS/CRAC1 and shared the putative ancestral haplotype, as did a further two families, SMU and RF. Although there are probably multiple causes of the multiple colorectal adenoma and cancer phenotype in Ashkenazim, an important one is the HMPS/CRAC1 locus on 15q13-q14.

Adenomatous Polyposis Coli↗
PubMed2003

Effect of real-time magnetic endoscope imaging on the teaching and acquisition of colonoscopy skills: results from a single trainee.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Most trainees have little concept of the loops that occur during colonoscopy, and have difficulty in appreciating the combination of withdrawal and torquing manoeuvres that are essential to achieving complete colonoscopy. Real-time magnetic endoscope imaging (MEI) allows visualization of shaft looping, and so makes intuitive the manoeuvres necessary to straighten the colonoscope shaft. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consecutive routine colonoscopies were performed by a single trainee (with previous experience of 15 colonoscopies). Procedures were randomly assigned to be carried out either with the trainee viewing the MEI display, or without the MEI view, which was recorded throughout all examinations. RESULTS: In total, 71 procedures were performed. To assess the trend for learning, procedures were analysed in blocks of 24 consecutive examinations (periods 1 to 3). In the first 24 procedures (period 1), the number of attempts at straightening the colonoscope and duration of looping were significantly less, and the intubation time was shorter, for examinations performed with the MEI view. In periods 2 to 3, there was a continued trend towards improved performance, but without a significant difference between procedures performed with or without MEI. CONCLUSIONS: During training, real-time colonoscope imaging using MEI appears to enhance the endoscopist's appreciation of looping and improves the learning of the manoeuvres required to straighten the colonoscope shaft. A prospective, multicentre study assessing a larger number of trainees is needed to clarify these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Examination of a low-cost pocket Doppler device for fetal assessment.

The objective of this study was to evaluate a pocket Doppler device (Multi Dopplex II) for the waveform analysis of umbilical artery systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratios and resistance index (RI). A prospective, paired study was undertaken in a perinatal ultrasound unit in a tertiary referral hospital. Forty-three high-risk pregnant women beyond 16 weeks' gestation had fetal umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms recorded with both Multi Dopplex II and duplex Doppler devices and the waveform analyses were calculated. The Multi Dopplex II falsely indicated absent diastolic flow in two cases and failed to produce a flow velocity waveform in the presence of maternal obesity, polyhydramnios and some cases of anterior placenta (n = 8). As well as this, the limits of agreement overall for both S/D ratio and RI were wide (for S/D ratio, -1.6 to 2.2 and for RI, -0.20 to 0.20). Even though the levels of agreement were better for the third trimester (for S/D ratio, -0.8 to 1.1 and for RI, -0.10 to 0.20), we concluded that the limits of agreement were too wide for clinical use.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The East Side Village Health Worker Partnership: integrating research with action to reduce health disparities.

This article describes the work of the East Side Village Health Worker Partnership as a case study of an initiative that seeks to reduce the disproportionate health risks experienced by residents of Detroit's east side. The Partnership is a community-based participatory research and intervention collaboration among academia, public health practitioners, and the east side Detroit community. The Partnership is guided by a steering committee that is actively involved in all aspects of the research, intervention, and dissemination process, made up of representatives of five community-based organizations, residents of Detroit's east side, the local health department, a managed care provider, and an academic institution. The major goal of the East Side Village Health Worker Partnership is to address the social determinants of health on Detroit's east side, using a lay health advisor intervention approach. Data collected from 1996 to 2001 are used here to describe improvements in research methods, practice activities, and community relationships that emerged through this academic-practice-community linkage.

Academic Medical Centers↗