In a random cross-over study, eight healthy volunteers received single 10 mg doses of either nifedipine capsule (Adalat, Bayer) or nifedipine tablets (Taro) after an overnight fast. The areas under the serum concentration time curves were not significantly different (AUC0----infinity 319.8 +/- 28.0 (SEM) ng ml-1 h-1 for capsules, 260.8 +/- 15.3 ng ml-1 h-1 for tablets). The peak serum levels and the time of their occurrence were 162.4 +/- 23.4 ng ml-1 at 30 min for capsules and 43.0 +/- 3.0 ng ml-1 at 1-2 h for tablets, indicating that the absorption of nifedipine from the capsule is faster than from the tablet form. Clinical symptoms of vasodilation corresponded with the nifedipine peak levels. We conclude that although the bioavailability in general of the two preparations is similar, the therapeutic equivalence may differ. Depending on the therapeutic indication each preparation may have its merits.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The invasive edge: invasion in colorectal cancer.

Primary human colorectal carcinomas which had already metastasized to the draining lymph nodes have been studied by transmission electron microscopy and tissue culture. The invasive edges were identified by examining mirror-image blocks for light and electron microscopy. In the invasive edge there are single cells and small clusters of cells which have ultrastructural features suggestive of active cell movement; clusters of cells are found in the lymphatic trunks and in the subcapsular sinus of draining lymph nodes. Small clusters of cells survive in short-term culture; some of these cells are actively motile. These findings support the view that there is a sub-population of motile and invasive cells at the edge of human colorectal cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lymph node metastasis and cell movement: ultrastructural studies on the rat 13762 mammary carcinoma and Walker carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to determine whether tumor cells move actively through the linings of lymph node sinuses. Using 13762 carcinoma in F344 rats, and Walker carcinoma in Wistar rats, 20 X 10(6) tumor cells were injected into the footpad, and the ipsilateral popliteal lymph node examined by transmission electron microscopy. The same tumors were examined by making standard cell spots on plastic or glass surfaces, and examining these by phase and reflection contrast microscopy, fluorescent microscopy after anti-actin and phallacidin staining and transmission electron microscopy. The 13762 cells do not migrate through the lining of the lymph node sinusoid, nor move actively in vitro. Ultrastructural appearances of the Walker rat carcinoma cells suggest that they move actively through the sinus lining. After 24 h in vitro the Walker rat carcinoma cells in the centre of the spot are adherent to the surface. There is some movement of the edge of the sheet, and individual tumor cells at the edge of the sheet move actively and independently. We conclude that the Walker rat carcinoma invades the lining of the lymph node sinusoid by active cell movement, and the 13762 carcinoma does not.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Complement activation in acute glomerulonephritis in children.

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Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Psychotherapy with dual diagnosis patients: working with denial.

The author discusses a strategy of working with chronically impaired dual diagnosis patients who are in denial of their substance abuse problems. It is argued that due to a number of unique features among such patients, directly confronting denial and insisting on abstinence will not be effective for many of these patients. Instead, it is suggested that patients' continued substance use should be tolerated although at the same time be made a focus of treatment. Techniques are offered which can be utilized to broach the denial of this challenging patient population. Types of patients not suitable for this approach are also discussed.

Alcoholism↗

PubMedDate not supplied