Biomedical subjects
M Levy
Publications and source records attributed to M Levy.
Acetylator phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Diazepam and the risk of breast cancer.
The relation of breast cancer to diazepam use was evaluated in a case-control study of 1236 women with breast cancer and 728 control subjects with other malignancies. Compared to women who never used diazepam, the relative risk for women who used the drug at least 4 days per week for at least 6 months was estimated to be 0.9, with 95% confidence limits of 0.5 and 1.6. There was no apparent association for recent use, or for use in the distant past, although confidence intervals were fairly wide in these categories. The results were not explained by various potential confounding factors, including the major risk factors for breast cancer. The findings suggest that regular diazepam use does not increase the risk of breast cancer relative to other cancers.
Breast cancer and alcoholic-beverage consumption.
The relation between breast cancer and alcoholic-beverage consumption was evaluated in a case-control study of 1152 women with breast cancer and two groups of control women-519 with endometrial or ovarian cancer, and 2702 with non-malignant disorders. The relative-risk estimate of breast cancer, with allowance for all potential distorting factors, for women who had ever drunk alcoholic beverages relative to those who had never drunk was 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.0) when the comparison group was the group with endometrial or ovarian cancer and 1.9 (1.5-2.4) when the controls who had non-malignant disorders were the comparison group. The association was evident for beer, wine, and spirits. The association was not explained by any of the major known risk factors for breast cancer, but we had no information on dietary factors. The findings support the hypothesis that alcohol consumption, or related dietary factors, increases the risk of breast cancer.
Plasma colchicine concentration in patients with recurrent polyserositis (familial Mediterranean fever) on long-term prophylaxis.
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Gastrointestinal effects of long-term colchicine therapy in patients with recurrent polyserositis (familial mediterranean fever).
Twelve patients with recurrent polyserositis (RP, familial Mediterranean fever) on colchicine prophylaxis (1.0-2.0 mg daily) for three years or more were evaluated for the presence of gastrointestinal effects possibly attributable to the drug. Two patients had bulky stools, two others had transient diarrhea, and one had heartburn. Serum vitamin B12, calcium, and carotene levels were normal in all cases, and D-xylose absorption was normal in 11 of the 12. Three patients had mild steatorrhea (7.5, 7.9, and 9.9 g daily). Jejunal biopsies from these and a fourth patient with bulky stools but normal fecal fat excretion showed no abnormal histological changes. However, (Na + K)-ATPase activity was significantly decreased in all four cases. Colchicine had to be discontinued in only one of the 12 cases. It is concluded that mild steatorrhea and enzyme inhibition may occur in patients on long-term colchicine prophylaxis and that careful periodic observations for this and other adverse effects is imperative in such patients.
In vitro generation of cells producing antierythrocyte autoantibodies in normal mice.
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Hollow polydimethylsiloxane facial prostheses using anatomic undercuts.
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The use of polydimethylsiloxane as a custom impression tray.
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Response of vitamin B-6 deficiency and the carpal tunnel syndrome to pyridoxine.
The specific activities and percentage deficiencies of the glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase of erythrocytes (EGOT) were determined for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosed by clinical examination and electrical conduction data; the EGOT data revealed a severe deficiency of vitamin B-6. After double-blind treatment with pyridoxine and placebo, two physicians identified those receiving pyridoxine (clinically improved) and those receiving placebo (did not improve) without error, P less than 0.0078. Correcting a deficiency of the coenzyme at receptors of existing molecules of the apoenzyme appears to take place within days; correction of the deficiency in the number of molecules of the transaminase takes place over 10-12 weeks. The clinical response, appraised by the diminution of the symptoms of CTS, was correlated only with the restored levels of the transaminase which presumably results from a translational long-term increase in the number of molecules of EGOT by a mechanism activated by correcting a deficiency of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate. Apparent Km values of EGOT were identical for groups of patients with CTS and others without CTS but with identical specific activities, indicating that CTS is a primary deficiency of vitamin B-6 rather than one of a dependency state. Clinical improvement of the syndrome with pyridoxine therapy may frequently obviate hand surgery.
Celiac sprue and pancreatic carcinoma.
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Effect of somatostatin on renal water handling in the dog.
When somatostatin was infused into the left renal artery of anaesthetized, hydropenic dogs in doses ranging from 1 to 10 micrograms/min, it produced an increased flow of a more dilute urine from the ipsilateral kidney. Similar infusions in dogs undergoing a maximal water diuresis had no effect. If aqueous antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was administered intravenously into water-loaded dogs prior to the intraarterial infusion of somatostatin, this latter peptide was able to produce an augmented flow of a more dilute urine from the ipsilateral kidney. If the left kidney was made to excrete a concentrated urine in the face of maximal water loading by restricting arterial perfusion, then the infusion of somatostatin had no effect on urinary dilution, though this peptide could increase water excretion in hydropenic dogs when the left kidney was similarly restricted as to arterial inflow. In dogs undergoing a water diuresis that were given cyclic AMP (4 mg/min) into the left renal artery, a decrease in ipsilateral water excretion was observed. The subsequent infusion of somatostatin produced no urinary dilution. We conclude that somatostatin increases renal water excretion by antagonizing the ADH effect on the renal tubule, and that this event probably occurs at a pre-cAMP site within the cell.
Fracture of the head of the radius with a tear or avulsion of the triceps tendon. A new syndrome?
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Rash and infectious mononucleosis.
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Squamous cell carcinoma on the plantar surface of the foot.
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[Glomerular lesions in renal transplants].
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[Is it necessary to biopsy the transplanted kidney as a rule?].
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The missing stapes and the Tabor prosthesis.
This is a description of a new stapes replacement prosthesis (SRP), which we term "Tabor". The prosthesis has two parts--the lower part is made of a broad inorganic, biocompatible material (Teflon) base, which fits and covers most of the footplate, ensuring maximal stability. The upper part of the prosthesis is made of autograft or homograft bone--usually a malleus head, the contact of which with the drum prevents extrusion. Eleven out of 12 ears operated with this prosthesis were successful--the average postoperative air conduction going up 33 dB (15-50), leaving an average of 18 dB (5-30) air-bone gap. The bone conduction also improved, from an average of 21 dB (10-30) to an average of 14 dB (10-25).