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Biomedical subjects

M Leonardi

Publications and source records attributed to M Leonardi.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of low grade extra and intracerebral human neoplasms.

In this study we report an in vitro 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) characterization of water soluble metabolites obtained from 17 low grade extra and intracerebral human tumors (8 meningiomas, 5 oligodendrogliomas, 2 subependimomas and 2 ependimomas). In addition, the in vivo localized 1H MRS results for 4 of the meningiomas are reported. The main metabolic features characterizing low grade tumors were investigated. Meningiomas are characterized by high Cho/Cr and Ala/Cr ratios; in many cases both in the in vitro and the in vivo spectra these ratios cannot be evaluated, due to the absence of the Cr metabolite. Low grade oligodendrogliomas are characterized by low Cho/Cr ratios. High amounts of myo-inositol are found in the spectra of ependimomas and subependimomas which are distinguished by different Cho/Cr ratio values and by a different Ala content.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mixed dentition space analysis in a eastern Sicilian population].

BACKGROUND: The purposes of this study are: 1) predicting the sum of mesio-distal crown diameters of unerupted canines, first and second premolars, using the sum of mesio-distal diameters of lower permanent incisors, in a sample of Eastern Sicily population; 2) estimating the differences between our predictions and the ones developed by Tanaka & Johnston, by Moyers and by Ballard & Wylie. METHODS: We selected 150 plaster casts of permanent dentition of patients - 82 females and 68 males - examined at the School of Orthodontics of the University of Catania. The width of canines, first and second premolars and lower incisors were taken by means of a bow-compass and a sliding digital caliper on the selected plaster casts. RESULTS: We calculated the following linear regression equations, with statistical method, to predict the sum of mesio-distal dimensions of canines, first and second premolars (Y) using the width of the lower incisors (X): Yfs = 11.40 + 0.42X for females in the upper arch; Yfi = 11.34 + 0.41X for females in the lower arch; Yms = 12.84 + 0.39X for males in the upper arch and Ymi =11.38 + 0.44X for males in the lower arch. CONCLUSIONS: The results in our sample indicate that the sum of mesio-distal crown diameters of canines, first and second premolars is smaller in females than in males; besides those results suggest that the North-American authors' predictions overestimate the mesio-distal dimension of canines, first and second premolars in both sexes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Applicability of the ICF in measuring functioning and disability in unipolar depression in Primary Care settings].

INTRODUCTION: We use the biopsychosocial model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF): a) to analyze functioning and disability patterns in unipolar depression cases attended in primary care settings; b) to study predictive and mediator variables related to disability in depression, and c) to determine the impact of traditional interventions in depression cases using functional remission as outcome measure. DESIGN: Naturalistic, prospective, longitudinal. SETTING: Multicenter study in primary care. Health Area 2. Region of Madrid. PARTICIPANTS: Adult patients with a diagnosis of unipolar depression who initiate psychopharmacological treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) in primary care sites. Patients with history of bipolar disorders, psychotic disorders, dementias, and dependence of toxic substances will be excluded. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Level of functioning and disability in different domains of well-being assessed through ICF related instruments. Stressful life events, social support and cognitive schemes will be analyzed as mediator variables. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, psychopharmacological treatment and treatment compliance are considered independent factors. DISCUSSION AND PRACTICAL USE: Selection bias may affect the generalization of the results. The biopsychosocial model underlying the ICF and its methodology are applied to the study of depression in primary care settings for the first time in Spain. Improving our understanding of disability related factors in depressive patients is expected. This study is one of the main research priorities of the EU (MHADIE project).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT evaluation of the lumbosacral spine.

The biologic cost-effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) versus myelography is so favorable to CT that it is now the method of choice for evaluating patients with less clear-cut clinical findings. CT is now used to detect lesions formerly difficult to diagnose, such as subluxation, arthrosis, facet osteophytes, and stenosis of the vertebral canal, as well as herniated disks and lateral disks. The findings in over 1,000 patients examined by CT for lumbosacral spinal pathology are documented. Associated or multiple abnormalities were present in about 60% of cases, with bulging or herniated disks occurring in 45% and 44%, respectively. Postsurgical arachnoiditis was seen in 43% of 64 patients studied for recurrence of symptoms after surgery.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Otorhinolaryngological aspects of HIV infections: personal experience.

The involvement of the ENT sphere in HIV infections is fairly common, but the relative manifestations, though not to be considered atypical, are not pathognomonic. The present study has been set up for the otoiatric assessment of a group of HIV patients and the correlation of ENT symptoms with the various stages of the disease. To this end, 60 patients were examined (35 belonged to groups 2-3 and 25 to group 4) of whom 50% were drug addicts, 36% homosexuals and 14% heterosexuals. All patients underwent a complete ENT examination as well as the assessment of hearing and vestibular function, of olfactory and taste functions, of respiratory and nasal mucociliary functions along with an anti-HIV antibody check of nasal secretion. Results showed a prevalence of otologic and rhinosinusal symptoms as well as cervical-facial swelling. Testing revealed a hearing loss of mainly conductive origin caused by otitis and tubal stenosis; vestibular hyporeflexia; mixed hyposmia and hypogeusia owing to the involvement of multiple cranial nerves; respiratory and mucociliary changes due to rhinitis and hypertrophy of the nasal mucosa. In all cases anti-HIV antibodies were found in nasal secretion. From a diagnostic point of view there was a prevalence of specific pathologies: oropharyngeal candidosis, stage 4; cervical lymphoadenopathy, stages 2-3; chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal vestibulitis and nosebleed; mainly chronic otitis media. All such manifestations suggest a marked involvement of ENT organs, which can be attributed to the anatomical characteristics of the area, with the relative diagnostic and prognostic implications of HIV infection.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cytology based on the Pap test: a 5-year experience at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics of the Iseo Ospedale Civile].

The aim of our study was to examine the results we obtained; at the gynaecology and obstetrics Department of the Civil Hospital in Iseo, in order to judge the course of the cervical lesions during the last 5 years. The place of work was our department and service of colposcopy. The patients taking part in the study are women in most cases resident in the territory of our USSL and including all the different ages. We didn't use any criteria of selection and the women showed themselves spontaneously. The reading of pap-test was made at the only referring centre. The result was very satisfactory and it confirms the tendency to an increase of the dysplasia diagnosed during the early phase of manifestation and a decrease of the infiltrating neoplasia diagnosis. In conclusion, we can say that the pap-test showed itself to be an indispensable method in the early diagnosis of the lesions of the uterine neck. Finally, the early recognition of the dysplasie permitted us to carry out some preventive interventions, which are, therefore, less maimed for woman, as well as the demolition of the management costs of the oncological patient.

Adolescent↗