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Biomedical subjects

M Lemon

Publications and source records attributed to M Lemon.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Kinetics of digoxin and anti-digoxin antibody fragments during treatment of digoxin toxicity.

Anti-digoxin antibody fragments (ADAF, 80 mg) were infused intravenously to successfully treat severe digoxin toxicity in an 82 year old woman. During treatment, total and free digoxin were determined using an Abbot TDX analyser and an ultrafiltration technique. ADAF were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. By 1 h after ADAF, total serum digoxin concentrations had risen 12-fold from a pretreatment level of 15.4 nmol l-1 but free digoxin fell from 10 to 0.1 nmol l-1, indicating greater than 99.9% digoxin binding to ADAF. However, the low free levels had rebounded to 7.7 nmol l-1 by 12 h, but despite this rise the patient's condition had improved. A serum ADAF/digoxin molar ratio of around five was associated with the low concentration of free digoxin at 1 h, while at later times with ratios roughly between 3 and 4, the free digoxin concentrations ranged between 2.0 and 7.7 nmol l-1. ADAF were mainly confined to the plasma during the first hour, but subsequently distributed into an apparent volume of 193 ml kg-1. The elimination half-lives of ADAF and total digoxin were 96 and 55 h, respectively. More than 50% of the estimated digoxin load had been excreted in the urine by 5 days; for ADAF the equivalent figure was only about 3%. Renal and/or bacterial degradation may have contributed to the low detection of urinary ADAF.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Distractibility in schizophrenia: state and trait aspects.

This report compared the selective attention of 19 schizophrenic in-patients, 10 recently discharged schizophrenic out-patients, 21 schizophrenic out-patients in stable clinical remission, 33 first-degree relatives of schizophrenics from 15 families, 25 students who scored deviantly on questionnaire measures of magical ideation, perceptual aberrations, and physical anhedonia, and 20 normal controls. Results indicated that distractors only disrupted the performance of schizophrenic in-patients, suggesting that differential deficits in selective attention are a marker of episodes of schizophrenia. A propensity to interject phonemes from the distracting message was found not only in patients in or just emerging from a psychotic episode, but also in the remaining vulnerable but non-psychotic groups, suggesting that intrusion errors might be a mediating vulnerability marker. The findings suggest both state and possibly trait aspects to distractibility in schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thyroid function in trophoblastic disease.

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) levels and thyroid function were monitored in 44 patients receiving chemotherapy for treatment of trophoblastic disease. We observed a strong correlation between hCG and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations measured by radioimmunoassay, and this appears to be due to cross-reactivity between hCG and the anti-TSH antibody used. The concentration of thyroid hormones was little affected by the raised levels of TSH or hCG, except when the concentration of the latter rose to high levels, usually above 100,000 i.u./l. The possible mechanisms of thyroid homeostasis in trophoblastic disease are considered.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

Thermal biofeedback and periodic movements in sleep: patients' subjective reports and a case study.

Periodic movements in sleep (PMS) is a sleep disorder characterized by repetitive leg kicks accompanied by arousals. In our clinical experience, many patients with PMS anecdotally report that they suffer from cold feet. This study explored whether there is an increased incidence of cold feet complaints in patients with periodic movements in sleep. Results indicated that, indeed, significantly more patients with leg kicks complain of cold feet as compared to patients without leg kicks. A case study was then conducted to determine whether foot thermal biofeedback training would alleviate symptoms of periodic movements in sleep. The number of leg kicks decreased from a mean of 536 per night before biofeedback training to a mean of 19.5 after training. These data lend support to our hypothesis that poor circulation may be contributing to the severity of periodic movements in sleep and that thermal biofeedback may afford an alternative treatment strategy.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The isolation and properties of pig submandibular kallikrein.

The kallikrein from pig submandibular glands was highly purified, with an overall yield of 31%. Affinity chromatography on bovine basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor linked to Sepharose 4B was an especially effective step in the purification procedure, giving a purification factor of 80. The enzyme is a single-chain molecule, occurring, as does pig urinary kallikrein, as a major B-form of apparent mol.wt. 39600 and minor amounts of an A-form of apparent mol.wt. 35900; the two forms can be separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis. The amino acid composition of pig submandibular kallikrein is very similar to, but not quite identical with, that of the two-chain beta-kallikrein isolated from pig pancreatic autolysates. Submandibular kallikrein contains notably more glucosamine and hexoses than does pancreatic beta-kallikrein. Submandibular kallikrein, and also urinary kallikrein, exhibit an unusual biphasic hydrolysis of substrate esters that is not shared by pancreatic beta-kallikrein. For the submandibular enzyme, the K(m) for the initial reaction phase of the hydrolysis of alpha-N-benzoyl-l-arginine ethyl ester is 0.15+/-0.01mm (mean+/-s.e.m.), but rises to 0.69+/-0.04mm (mean+/-s.e.m.) in the stationary reaction phase; the V(max.) does not differ significantly between the two phases. The esterolytic activities of submandibular and urinary kallikreins on a number of esters of different amino acids resemble each other much more closely than those of pancreatic beta-kallikrein.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1977

Steroid release in vitro by two luteal cell types in the corpus luteum of the pregnant sow.

Corpora lutea from sows at 30, 60 and 90 days of gestation were dissociated enzymically, and the components of the resulting cell suspension were separated by sedimentation at unit gravity. Two luteal cell populations of 30-50 micronm diameter and 15-20 micronm diameter were obtained and superfused for up to 18 h with Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium, the cells being supported in a column in a matrix of Biogel. Fractions were collected every 30 min and assayed for progesterone and oestradiol-17beta. At 30 and 60 days of gestation the large luteal cells produced progesterone at an initial rate of approximately 100 ng/h/10(5) cells, which decreased to half this rate at 90 days. The smaller cells also released progesterone into the medium at approximately 15-20 ng/h/10(5) cells at all stages of gestation. At 30 days of gestation, neither cell type released significant amounts of oestradiol-17beta, but from 60 days onwards ,significant and increasing quantities were measured in the superfusates from the larger cells. Both cell types were perfused with porcine LH at the three stages of gestation, and both showed an immediate response in terms of progesterone release which decreased in magnitude with increasing age of gestation. The response of the smaller cells was greater than that of the larger cells.

Animals↗