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Biomedical subjects

M Lemay

Publications and source records attributed to M Lemay.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Use of cephalosporins as antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean section].

Cefoxitin, a second-generation cephalosporin, was compared with cefazolin, a first-generation cephalosporin, and a placebo in a prospective, double-blind study of antibiotic prophylaxis in women undergoing nonelective cesarean section. In the groups that received cefazolin or the placebo there eas no statistically significant change in colonization of the cervix by aerobic bacteria by the fourth day after the operation, but there was a statistically significant increase in colonization by anaerobes. Cefoxitin had the opposite effect. Of the 14 postoperative infections in 11 patients, significantly more were in patients who had received the placebo; the numbers were too small to show a difference in effectiveness between the two antibiotics. Of the microorganisms implicated as the infectious agents, group B Streptococcus was the most frequent aerobe, and Peptostreptococcus and Bacteroides bivius were the most frequent anaerobes. Among the 15 patients for whom at least one perioperative specimen yielded positive culture results, a postoperative infection developed in 5 of the 6 who received the placebo, 2 of the 4 who received cefazolin and 1 of the 5 who received cefoxitin.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1983

Multicenter comparison of cefoxitin versus cefazolin for prevention of infectious morbidity after nonelective cesarean section.

A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled comparison of prophylactic cefoxitin, an antibiotic with good activity against anaerobic bacteria, with cefazolin, an agent effective predominantly against aerobes, was undertaken in 354 women who underwent nonelective cesarean section (124 receiving cefoxitin, 119 cefazolin, and 111 placebo). Among the placebo group, 24.3% developed genital tract-related infection, in comparison to 5.6% of the cefoxitin patients and 6.7% of the cefazolin patients (P less than 0.001). Standard febrile morbidity, fever index, and duration of postoperative hospital stay were also significantly less in the antibiotic prophylactic groups. For patients with febrile morbidity, the mean fever index was less in the cefoxitin group (24.8 degree-hours) than that in the cefazolin group (42.7 degree-hours), and this difference approached statistical significance (P less than 0.1, greater than 0.05). Postoperative hospital stay longer than 1 week for infectious morbidity occurred in 26% of cefoxitin patients, a significantly lower incidence compared to the 66% rate for patients who received cefazolin, and the 57% incidence for patients in the placebo group (P less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Immediate effects of dimenhydrinate on uterine contraction and the fetal cardiac rhythm during labor].

The effects of intravenous administration of 100 mg of dimenhydrinate (Gravol) were studied in 20 patients during active spontaneous labour. The uterine activity and the fetal heart rate were monitored by an invasive technique. After administration of the medication the uterine activity increases significantly, and in 20% of the cases decelerations in the fetal heart rate of the hypoxic type occurred. Because of its unpredictable effects, this drug should be used with care during labour.

Dimenhydrinate↗
PubMed1978

Real-time B-scan-directed amniocentesis.

Utilizing real-time B scan, 150 amniocenteses, 14 in the second trimester and 136 in the third trimester, were carried out in 143 patients. In 146 procedures, amniotic fluid was obtained with a single attempt. In four other procedures, two attempts were required, and oligohydramnios was present in two. In one, both taps were dry, while in the other a second tap yielded a slight amount of meconium fluid. One patient was tapped in a site other than that suggested by real-time scanning, and a bloody tap (Apt negative) was obtained. Clear fluid was obtained when the real-time-indicated site was used. The remaining patient had premature rupture of membranes, and two attempts yielded bloody fluid (Apt negative) and the procedure was abandoned. Amniocenteses in eight patients had failed previously (one to three attempts). With the subsequent aid of real-time B scan, fluid was obtained in a single attempt. These data suggest that real-time B scanning prior to and/or during amniocentesis is as reliable as the static B scan method and, in some cases, may have a clear advantage.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1977

[Obstructive parietal hemodissection of the intracranial vessels, a particular form of dissecting aneurysm].

A six year old girl complained of sudden severe headache, became hemiplegic and unconscious. A right carotid arteriogram revealed an obstruction of the right anterior cerebral artery and many sulvian branches. Death occurred four days later. At autopsy, a recent softening of nearly all the right middle cerebral arterial territory was found. Thrombus filled the sylvian artery and its main branches. Histologic examination of the vessel walls showed a dissecting infiltration of blood between the internal elastic lamina and the media. This particular form of dissecting aneurysm, occurring in young subjects, in the absence of atherosclerosis, high blood pressure and idiopathic medial necrosis, represents a distinct medial necrosis, represents a distinct nosologic entity that has been called "Obstructive parietal hemodissection of intracranial vessels." The pathogenesis of the disease is unknown: trauma has been mentioned, also congenital defects in the elastic lamina or other morphologic abnormalities of that lamina.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High concentrations of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor in human seminal plasma and prostatic tissues.

During purification procedures to isolate kallikrein hK2 from human seminal plasma, kallikrein hK2 was found to be associated with another protein after several chromatographic steps. This study was conducted to identify the hK2 companion protein and characterize its properties and distribution. The protein was identified as macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) by its NH2-terminal amino acid sequence. It had an enzymatic activity identical to that of recombinant MIF. Its concentration varied between 1 and 10 micrograms/mL in various seminal plasma. By immunohistochemical analysis, MIF was found to be localized mainly in the epithelial cells of normal and cancerous prostates. Since MIF is a well-known proinflammatory mediator, these results suggest that it may have important functions in both human reproduction and prostatic physiology.

Amino Acid Sequence↗