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Biomedical subjects

M Lehtinen

Publications and source records attributed to M Lehtinen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Affinity and sub-class distribution of IgG-class antibodies following vaccination with a live rubella virus vaccine.

Thirty-three seronegative adolescents were vaccinated with a live rubella vaccine. Serum samples were collected 2 weeks, and 1, 2, 6 and 12 months later. Antibodies were analysed by using ELISA and monoclonal antibodies to different subclasses of human IgG. A proportion (10 out of 33, 30%) of the vaccinees developed low amounts of rubella IgG-class (both IgG1 and IgG3 isotypes) antibodies. There was no difference between the high and low responders when the IgG-class antibodies were measured at low serum dilutions suggesting that the affinity of the antibodies was probably equal. Our results point out a possible pitfall, development of low amounts of antibodies, in the serological evaluation of the success of rubella vaccination.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Aneuploid DNA content and high S-phase fraction of tumour cells are related to poor prognosis in patients with primary breast cancer.

The prognostic impact of DNA content and S-phase fraction (SPF) of tumour cells was studied in 93 patients with primary breast cancer. Aneuploid DNA content and high SPF were clearly associated with poor differentiation state of tumours and absence of steroid, especially progesterone receptors. Aneuploidy and high SPF tended to become more common with increasing primary tumour size, with more extensive nodal involvement and with more advanced stage of the cancer. Patients with diploid tumours had a slightly longer disease-free interval and survival than those with aneuploid tumours, whereas below median SPF as compared to above median SPF was associated with significantly longer (P less than 0.01) relapse-free interval and survival in patients with stage II-III cancer. We conclude that the DNA analysis of tumour cells is a promising method for the estimation of prognosis in breast cancer patients.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1987

Langerhans cell- and T-lymphocyte functions in patients with atopic dermatitis with disseminated cutaneous herpes simplex virus infection.

We studied whether Langerhans cell (LC)- and T-lymphocyte functions of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients are impaired. Our study groups consisted of 6 patients with AD with previous disseminated herpes simplex virus infection (AD + HSV), 8 patients with ordinary AD, and 5 healthy subjects. Suction blisters were performed on abdominal skin and LC isolated on the basis of their attachment to IgG-coated erythrocyte monolayers. Antigen-presenting function of purified LC was studied by measuring the proliferation of HSV-stimulated T cells. Langerhans cells were also used to stimulate T cells in autologous mixed cell reaction (AMCR). In addition, the production of epidermal cell thymocyte-activating factor (ETAF) by crude epidermal cells was measured. The HSV-induced T-cell proliferation in AD + HSV and AD patients was comparable with that of controls. The AMCR responses of patients with AD + HSV and AD were clearly diminished when compared with healthy controls. Patients with AD also produced significantly less ETAF than controls. Our results suggest that HSV antigen-presenting function of LC from patients with AD + HSV seems to be intact. Defective AMCR may reflect an abnormality in autoregulation and generation of effector cells and this together with decreased ETAF production may have pathogenetic significance in AD.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Microbiological and histopathological findings in acute pelvic inflammatory disease.

Upper genital tract infection was investigated in 45 women admitted to hospital for suspected acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Salpingitis was diagnosed by laparoscopy in 30 (67%) women. Histopathological evidence of endometritis was found significantly more often in the 30 women with salpingitis (87%) than in the other 15 women without salpingitis (33%). C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae, or both, were isolated from the upper genital tract in 14 of the 31 women who had both salpingitis and endometritis or endometritis only but in none of the four women who had salpingitis alone and in none of the 10 women who had no evidence of PID. Bacterial vaginosis was associated with histopathological evidence of upper tract infection. Non-chlamydial non-gonococcal organisms were frequently isolated from the upper genital tract. No organisms were isolated from the upper genital tract from 9 of 35 women with laparoscopic or histopathological evidence of PID compared with 7 of 10 women without evidence of PID. C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae in the endometrium was associated with lymphoid follicles comprising transformed lymphocytes, and correlated with the density of plasma cells on biopsy. The microbiological results support the recommendations of broad spectrum antimicrobial therapy for PID.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Nuclear DNA content of non-endemic Burkitt's lymphoma.

The nuclear DNA content of 26 non-endemic Burkitt's lymphomas was studied by flow cytometry. Eighteen of the tumours showed a pattern characteristic for diploid chromosome distribution, while eight of the tumours were aneuploid. Six of the aneuploid tumours showed an almost diploid, aneuploid DNA index, while two were tetraploid tumours. Patients with aneuploid tumours had a significantly worse prognosis (p less than 0.005) than those with diploid tumours. One of the aneuploid tumours was positive for Epstein-Barr virus DNA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Structure and function of a new hemoglobin variant, Hb meilahti (alpha 2 beta 2 36(C2)Pro----Thr), characterized by mass spectrometry.

An abnormal hemoglobin was found by isoelectric focusing in the blood of a Finnish woman with erythrocytosis. Oxygen equilibrium curves of the patient's hemolysate indicated the presence of a variant with a very high oxygen affinity. Structural analysis was carried out by mass spectrometry. In the spectrum of the tryptic digest, an abnormal peptide was found at m/z1278 which corresponded to the mass number of the protonated molecular ion of beta T4 with 36Pro----Thr substitution. The structure was confirmed by the mass spectrum of the chymotryptic digest.

Genetic Variation↗
PubMed1986

HSV infected RAJI-cells specify HSV specific immediate early and/or early DNA-binding proteins.

Herpes Simplex Virus specified DNA-binding proteins were purified from virus infected VERO and RAJI cells. The expression of the proteins differed depending on the type of the host cell. Polypeptides corresponding to HSV-1 specific ICP 8 and HSV-2 specific ICSP 11/12 were the major products of HSV-infected VERO cells. In RAJI cells polypeptides with a corresponding molecular weight, together with a cellular protein having almost similar mobility on SDS gels could be detected. Using immuno-blotting technique the HSV origin of these 135K molecular weight proteins synthesized in the HSV-1 and HSV-2-infected RAJI cells could be confirmed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Serum C-reactive protein determination in acute pelvic inflammatory disease.

We have studied the role of serum C-reactive protein determination in the diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammatory disease. Acute-phase serum C-reactive protein concentration reflected the extent and the severity of pelvic inflammatory disease more closely than erythrocyte sedimentation rate or white blood cell count determinations. We recommend that both C-reactive protein concentration and erythrocyte sedimentation rate should be routinely used to augment the clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Blood Sedimentation↗
PubMed1986

Polyclonal response of human lymphocytes to Chlamydia trachomatis.

The mitogenicity of Chlamydia trachomatis was investigated. Umbilical cord blood cells from healthy newborns were used. These cells were stimulated in cultures with partially purified C. trachomatis elementary bodies. Proliferation of cultured lymphocytes and secreted immunoglobulins and leukocyte migration inhibitory factor were measured in the culture supernatants. Our results showed that C. trachomatis is able to elicit polyclonal antibody, lymphokine, and DNA synthesis.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1986

Treating pelvic inflammatory disease with doxycycline and metronidazole or penicillin and metronidazole.

The best way of treating pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is not known. The clinical response to two treatment regimens (penicillin plus metronidazole v doxycycline plus metronidazole) was studied in 33 patients with PID confirmed by laparoscopy and endometrial biopsy. The overall failure rate, according to the criteria used in this study was five of 11 (45%) women with chlamydial PID, none of six women with gonococcal PID, all of four women with chlamydial gonococcal PID, and three (25%) of 12 women with non-chlamydial non-gonococcal PID. The failure rate with penicillin plus metronidazole treatment was unacceptably high (53%), and significantly higher than that with doxycycline plus metronidazole (19%) (p = 0.038). In most cases the microbiological and histopathological evaluations identified a probable explanation for the poor response to the treatment regimen used.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Haemophilus influenzae causes purulent salpingitis.

We describe two patients with laparoscopically diagnosed, severe acute salpingitis who had nontypable Haemophilus influenzae isolated directly from the fallopian tubes. Nontypable H. influenzae should be recognized as an important genital pathogen.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Serum antibodies to the major HSV-2-specified DNA-binding protein in patients with an acute HSV infection or cervical neoplasia.

The major HSV-2-specified DNA-binding protein (ICSP 11/12) was purified from HSV-2-infected cells. ELISA and immunoblotting techniques were used to study its antigenicity in HSV-infected patients and patients with cervical neoplasia and control women. Patients with an acute HSV-2 infection had clearcut antibody responses to the purified ICSP 11/12 preparation. Determination of the ICSP 11/12 antibodies by ELISA revealed considerably higher serum antibody levels in patients with cervical carcinoma than in the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Detection of herpes simplex virus in women with acute pelvic inflammatory disease.

Four women are described with acute salpingitis confirmed by laparoscopy who had herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolated from the cervix or the upper genital tract (endometrium, fallopian tube, or cul-de-sac) or both. None of the patients had overt genital herpes, but one had typical HSV cervitis on a cervicovaginal smear stained with Papanicolaou's stain, one had a significant change in level of antibodies to HSV, and one had an endometrial biopsy specimen positive for HSV antigen. There are at least three potential explanations for these findings: chronic viral shedding, viral reactivation caused by acute pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), or that the PID was actually caused by HSV. Further prospective studies are needed to document the role of HSV in causing PID.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of central nervous system actions of taurine and N-pivaloyltaurine.

N-Acetyl, N-propionyl, and N-pivaloyl derivatives of taurine were synthesized by applying a modified Schotten-Bauman method starting from taurine and using the corresponding acid chloride or acid anhydride for direct acylation reactions. The central nervous system actions of these lipid soluble taurine derivatives, which were presumed to pass the blood-brain barrier, were studied and compared to those of taurine in mice. A large dose (15 mmol/kg) of intraperitoneally administered taurine lengthened the pentobarbitone induced sleep by 30%. N-Pivaloyltaurine was 45 times more potent but not more effective than taurine. Neither N-acetyl- nor N-propionyltaurine lengthened the pentobarbitone induced sleep in doses up to 3 mmol/kg. Intraperitoneally administered N-pivaloyltaurine depressed the locomotor activity in a smaller dose and for a longer period than taurine. However, when administered intracerebroventricularly neither N-acetyl- nor N-pivaloyltaurine altered the locomotor activity in three times larger dose than in which taurine clearly depressed it. Intraperitoneally administered N-pivaloyltaurine decreased the rectal temperature slightly more than taurine, whereas intracerebroventricularly administered taurine was clearly more potent in inducing hypothermia than its acyl derivatives. Intraperitoneally administered N-pivaloyltaurine was about three times more potent than taurine in increasing the striatal concentration of dopamine. Intraperitoneally administered N-pivaloyltaurine only in a very large dose (3 X 15 mmol/kg) slightly and transiently increased the cerebral taurine concentration. Carboxylesterase inhibition by bis-p-nitrophenyl phosphate (BNPP) did not modify this increase. Furthermore, BNPP pretreatment modified neither the hypothermic nor the striatal dopamine concentration elevating effects of N-pivaloyltaurine. Our results suggest that N-pivaloyltaurine possesses taurine-like pharmacological actions. It is not converted to taurine to produce these actions. When administered intracerebroventricularly it is less potent than taurine. However, when administered intraperitoneally it is more potent than taurine because it seems to pass the blood-brain-barrier more easily than taurine. Thus N-pivaloyltaurine could be used to study the behavioural and other central nervous system actions of taurine.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Chlamydial endometritis.

Endometrial biopsies were obtained from 32 women with suspected pelvic inflammatory disease, of whom 23 (72%) had histopathological evidence of endometritis. Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the endometria of nine (39%) women (chlamydia group) but not from the other 14 (non-chlamydia group). Severe plasma cell endometritis and lymphoid follicles with transformed lymphocytes were significantly more common in the chlamydia group than in the non-chlamydia group. This suggests that C trachomatis is an invasive endometrial pathogen which often causes severe inflammation. The association was independent of predisposing factors such as use of intrauterine contraceptive devices.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of serological responses in patients infected with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2.

Serological responses to soluble membrane and cytoplasmic antigens specified by herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) and 2 (HSV2) were studied by immunoblotting and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the immunoblotting test, polypeptides migrating like the HSV1-specified glycoprotein C showed type-specific reactivity but could not always be detected. The immunoblotting and ELISA results were in agreement when antibody responses to HSV1- and HSV2-specified antigens were compared, and they allowed the identification of patients with HSV2 and/or HSV1 antibodies.

Antibodies, Viral↗