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Biomedical subjects

M Le Bras

Publications and source records attributed to M Le Bras.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Atovaquone plus proguanil versus halofantrine for the treatment of imported acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in non-immune adults: a randomized comparative trial.

In endemic zones, the atovaquone-proguanil (AP) combination is well tolerated and effective in treating acute, uncomplicated malaria. Trials involving non-immune patients are lacking, however. We conducted a randomized, multicenter open-label trial to determine the efficacy and tolerability of the AP combination (1,000 mg + 400 mg once daily for 3 days) in comparison with halofantrine (HF) (1,500 mg in 3 doses) in non-immune adults with imported uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Follow-up visits were programmed on Days 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 after hospital discharge. Out of 48 patients enrolled in the study, 41 were assessable for the cure rate (21 in the AP group and 20 in the HF group). All the patients were cured. The mean parasite clearance time was longer (63+/-23 hours) in the AP group than in the HF group (48+/-15 hours) (P = 0.02). The frequency of gastrointestinal adverse events was higher in the AP group. No noteworthy electrocardiographic changes were observed, particularly in the QTc interval. The AP combination appears to be a valuable alternative treatment in non-immune adults.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Imported malaria at hospitals in Bordeaux (France) in 1987 and 1988. Report of 185 cases].

100 cases of imported malaria were registered in Hospitals of Bordeaux in 1987 and 85 in 1988. Origin of infestation is Africa in 88 p.c. of the cases mainly from Central Africa (50 p.c.) in 1987 and western Africa (67 p.c.) in 1988. The most frequent species was Plasmodium falciparum 73 p.c. in 1987 and 82 p.c. in 1988. Admitted cases in Bordeaux were mainly French (81 p.c.) with a significant male prevailing and young adults. Mean age was 29 for Europeans and 19 for the others mainly Africans. Infestation risk is in close correlation with the duration of stay in endémic zones. It is maximum for stays between 2 and 11 months. Delay for first symptoms to appear following return from an endemic zone depends of species concerned during the first month, 83 p.c. of malaria fever at Plasmodium falciparum during the second quarter, 50 p.c. of fever at Plasmodium vivax, and after one year or more 40 p.c. at Plasmodium ovale. Only 1/4 of the cases were diagnosed during the first 48 hours. Delay in diagnosing may be prolonged and is in relationship with Plasmodium falciparum chemoresistance and self-medication. 21 strains of Plasmodium falciparum were chloroquinoresistant in vitro: 1 from French Guyana, 9 from Western Africa, and 11 from Central Africa. The strain from Guyana was also less sensible to quinine with a IC 50 = 480 nmol/l.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peripheral thrombophlebitis. "Paratuberculous syndrome" (author's transl)].

The authors relate the case of a young North-African man who presented during one month several peripheral thrombophlebitis before a ganglionary tuberculosis of the mediastinum appear. With specific antibiotherapy, the cutaneous lesions disappear and can be so considered as a paratuberculous syndroma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quid of betel].

After clarifying some necessary terminology to understand what quid of betel is, the authors, in the first part of this article, expose its location around the world. Then, they report on the three main basic components: Piper betle L. leaf, Areca catechu nut, and slaked lime. They add too some other ingredients which modify the taste of the quid to a certain extent. In the third part, the authors expose the role given to betel in the traditional medicine according to bibliographical sources available in different countries. Its appears that Areca nut is still the most commonly used. Then, they review the therapeutic qualities of the quid utilized by western medicine according to the different part of the organism, and finally they end by indicating the true importance to be given to this customary habit.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma cells leukaemia, cryoglobulins and antithrombin (author's transl)].

Although primitive plasma cells leukaemia is uncommon, it still stands in a particular place among malignant lymphoplasmocytary syndroms. It borrows from multiple myeloma and acute leukaemia some of its clinical and biological manifestations. Its course is quickly adverse, its treatment ineffective and the average life expectation is three months.

Aged↗