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Biomedical subjects

M Landolt

Publications and source records attributed to M Landolt.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The gamma-nail as a resilient alternative to the dynamic hip screw in unstable proximal femoral fractures in the elderly].

In a prospective randomised trial between September 1989 and June 1990 one hundred patients with per- and subtrochanteric fractures were consecutively treated by gamma-nail or DHS. The average age of both groups was about 80 years. The operation time for gamma-nailing was longer than for DHS implantation and also the postoperative blood loss was higher in the gamma-nail group. We found no difference of intraoperative blood loss, of perioperative lethality and in duration of hospital care. 90% of gamma-nail patients and 80% of DHS patients were successfully able to walk four days after operation with full weight bearing on the operated limb. Three patients in the DHS group with unstable fractures got cranial perforation of the cephalic screw mobilisation. Five patients of the gamma-nail group were reoperated, one case because of missed distal locking, one because of cranial perforation of the cephalic screw after varus dislocation of the proximal fragment. One patient suffered intraoperatively a proximal femur shaft fracture which was corrected during operation. In one case a wound hematoma was evacuated, an other patient needed secondary wound closure. Despite technical imperfection of implant and instruments, we conclude that the gamma-nail allows a very high percentage early and full weight bearing immediately after operation. So we consider that in the treatment of unstable pertrochanteric fractures of geriatric patients, the gamma-nail has proven to be more efficient than the DHS.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The Gamma Nail in per- and intertrochanteric femoral fractures--alternative or supplement to the dynamic hip screw? A prospective randomized study of 100 patients with per- and intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the surgical clinic of the City Hospital of Triemli, Zurich, September 1989 - June 1990].

In a prospective randomised trial between September 89 and June 90 one hundred patients with per- and subtrochanteric fractures were consecutively treated by Gamma-nail or DHS. The average age of both groups was about 80 years. The operation time for Gamma-nailing was longer than for DHS-implantation and also the postoperative blood loss was higher in the Gamma-nail-group. We found no difference of intraoperative blood loss, of perioperative letality and in duration of hospital care. 90% of Gamma-nail-patients and 80% of DHS-patients were successfully able to walk four days after operation with full weight bearing on the operated limb. Six patients (12%) with DHS had to be reoperated within 6 weeks. Three patients with unstable fractures got cranial perforation of the cephalic screw after mobilisation. The other three patients had soft tissue complications. Five patients (10%) of the Gamma-nail-group were reoperated, one case because of missed distal locking, one because of cranial perforation of the cephalic screw after varus dislocation of the proximal fragment. One patient suffered intraoperatively a proximal femur shaft fracture which was corrected during operation. In one case a wound hematoma was evacuated, an other patient needed secondary wound closure. Despite technical imperfection of implant and instruments, we conclude that the Gamma-nail allows a very high percentage early and full weight bearing immediately after operation. So we consider that in the treatment of unstable pertrochanteric fractures of geriatric patients, the Gamma-nail has proven to be more efficient than the DHS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bilateral processing of numbers: parallel processing versus functional unity.

Thirty-six normal subjects had to add two numbers ranging from 3 to 9 which were presented tachistoscopically. The two numbers were displayed either unilaterally to the left or right visual field, or bilaterally with one number to the left and one to the right visual field. They were represented as two word names, two dot clusters, or two bargraphs, or the two numbers were represented inconsistently in two different of these representations. The results showed that bilateral processing of a word and a bargraph was performed without visible interactions, and the hemispheres performed independently. When the display included a dot cluster, however, its processing (sequential vs. holistic) appeared to depend on the type of stimulus processed by the contralateral hemisphere, indicating strong interhemispheric interactions.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[A prospective study of post-operative bleeding from stress lesions. I. Epidemiology (author's transl)].

Among 5776 patients operated on under general anaesthesia there was an increased risk of postoperative gastro-intestinal bleeding from stress lesions among those aged over 70 years, after major surgery, or with complications such as hypovolaemia, septicaemia or respiratory failure (n = 551). In this group of patients the incidence of fatal haemorrhage was 0.5%. Stress lesions were a certain cause of bleeding from the gastro-intestinal tract in 5.1% and a probable one in 5.1%. Time of year, sex, past history of peptic ulcer, or anticoagulation did not increase the risk of bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Liver metastases: diagnostic value of blood tests, scintiscanning, and laparoscopy (author's transl)].

In 90 patients with known extra-hepatic malignancy the liver was examined for metastases. The diagnostic value of clinical information, blood examinations, 99mTc scintiscan, and laparoscopy for the diagnosis of the liver metastases was evaluated. Clinical data (age, sex, time since onset of symptoms and localisation of primary tumor) are of no diagnostic value. The most reliable blood tests are alkaline phosphatase (AP) and GOT. The probability of liver metastastases rises with increasingly abnormal values of AP and GOT. However, the probability is not much greater in cases with highly abnormal values than in cases with only moderate elevation of AP and GOT. Diagnostic accuracy of AP is optimal by using a cutoff point of 76 U/l (sensitivity 79%, specificity 64%). Bilirubin, prothrombin time, haemoglobin and blood sedimentation rate are of very little value. Combinations of AP with these blood tests does not improve diagnostic accuracy. Therefore, it is not useful to determine more blood tests than AP alone. Informed reading of liver scans has a specificity of 75% and a sensitivity of 91%. Blind reading of scans has a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 95%. This diagnostic accuracy cannot be improved by additional blood tests. Laparscopy has a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 95%. Scanning and laparoscopy are complementary methods. When optimal diagnostic accuracy is required both methods should be used.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Esophageal function after fundoplication (Nissen)].

Manometric, pH-metric, radiological and histological examinations were performed in 15 of 18 consecutive patients with gastro-esophageal reflux before and after fundoplication. In 13 of these 15 patients, reflux symptoms largely or completely disappeared after the operation. In the successfully operated patients, the reflux provocation test markedly improved but lower esophageal sphincter pressure did not rise. Six successfully operated patients in whom hiatus hernia was present after the operation and 7 patients without hernia had similar esophageal function tests. Therefore, success of surgery does not depend on resting pressure and position of the lower esophageal sphincter.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[The diagnosis of liver metastases and primary hepatomas by means of scintigraphy, laparoscopy and laparotomy].

To evaluate the presence or absence of hepatic metastases or primary hepatoma 106 patients were examined by liver scintigram as well as laparoscopy or laparotomy. A definite diagnosis was established in all patients by histology, autopsy or observation of clinical course for at least one year. Only scintigrams resulted in false positive diagnosis (in 5%). False negative diagnoses were obtained in 29% of laparoscopies and in 36% of scintigrams when evaluated routinely with knowledge of the clinical findings and laboratory examinations. Analysis of the same scintigrams by an experienced examiner without knowledge of the clinical findings lowered the proportion of false negative scintigrams to 12%. In 5 patients with liver metastases or hepatoma coexisting in liver cirrhosis or advanced chronic liver congestion, both methods of examination gave false negative results.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1975

A disease of freshwater fishes caused by Tetrahymena corlissi Thompson, 1955, and a key for identification of holotrich ciliates of freshwater fishes.

Tetrahymena corlissi, a free-living protozoan, apparently caused the death of large number of guppies (Poecilia reticulatus) and occasionally other fishes, in aquaria and hatcheries at several locations. Apparently the disease occurs when the fish and protozoan populations are both at a high level of density. The signs include white spots and epidermal damage. Histologically, T. corlissi could be seen in skin, muscle, and viscera; in some there was marked inflammation, in others there was little tissue reaction. A key is presented for the identification of invasive fish ciliates: Chilodonella, Hemiophrys, Ichthyophthirius, Ophryoglena, and Tetrahymena.

Animals↗