Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M L Swartz.
The gastroenterology nurse must be familiar with the use of Narcan. Narcan is frequently administered in the endoscopy suite after the procedure for the reversal of narcotic depression induced by pre-procedure intravenous sedation. Knowledge of Narcan will allow the nurse to safely administer the medication as well as adequately assess the patient's response to it.
Three in vitro tests were evaluated on the basis of their ability to predict the relative resistance of various types of luting cements to disintegration in the oral cavity. The tests were (1) weight loss, (2) reduction in size of cement films held between glass optical flats, and (3) reduction in transverse strength. Storage media evaluated were H2O and 0.1, 0.01, and 0.001 M HAc. These data were compared with previously obtained measurements on the in vivo disintegration rates of the same cements. The best correlation with in vivo disintegration was obtained by test No. 2 when the specimens were subjected to 0.01 M HAc.
There are approximately 100 systemic complications of inflammatory bowel disease involving most organ systems of the body. A review of the nursing literature demonstrates a wealth of information on inflammatory bowel disease. Most of this literature, however, contains only a brief description of the extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease. It is the purpose of this manuscript to familiarize gastroenterology nurses with the major categories of extraintestinal manifestations seen in association with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. An awareness of these manifestations will allow nursing to play a role in the assessment and care of a patient who demonstrates these conditions. The focus of this paper will be on the clinical presentation and medical management of these conditions along with implications for nursing and possible nursing interventions.
Poor compliance from patients who require the use of a bulk laxative for chronic constipation is cited as a clinical problem. Many patients are dissatisfied with the taste and/or grittiness of psyllium seed products. Citrucel, made from methylcellulose, is completely soluble in water and may result in improved compliance from improved palatability. As with any medication, nursing should take an active role in patient instruction and teaching regarding the use of laxatives. Currently indicated in the treatment of constipation associated with a number of conditions, Citrucel may also be found to have a beneficial effect on serum cholesterol levels.
The purpose of this paper is to provide the novice nurse author with guidelines to follow for preparing and writing a manuscript. Nurses are responsible for the education of other nurses, and writing and publishing play a major role in providing current knowledge within the profession. By illustrating the mechanics of the writing process, it is hoped that more nurses will approach the task of sharing their ideas on paper.
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Margin quality and isotope microleakage analyses of Class II restorations placed in extracted human molars were compared using various composite resins and placement techniques. At occlusal margins, the traditional (experimental) composite resin restoration placed by the incremental technique showed less microleakage than did the traditional (commercial) [corrected] composite resin restoration placed by the bulk technique. In each group, the occlusal and proximal adaptations had significantly higher "excellent margin" than did the cervical adaptation. Thus, the marginal adaptation at the cervical aspect of conventional Class II composite resin restorations may present a problem with respect to microleakage.
The in vivo disintegration of luting cements was determined at 6- and 12-month intervals in two test series of 20 participants each. Four cements were inserted in the wells located in the mesial and distal surfaces of cast crowns. Glass ionomer, silicophosphate, polycarboxylate, and zinc phosphate cements prepared with recommended powder/liquid ratios are discussed, and are ranked with respect to disintegration at 6 and 12 months.
This study was undertaken to assess the effect of mixing speed on the setting rate of high-copper dental amalgam. The surface hardness during setting of two representative brands of dental amalgam was related to working and carving times determined by clinicians. From this information, a means of evaluating setting rate of amalgam based on surface hardness was developed.
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The data indicate that the two dentin bonding agents, used in conjunction with enamel acid etching, provided a superior seal of the cavity compared to the respective resins alone or with either the dentin bond agent or acid etching used alone. The seal of resin restorations placed with the total system (acid etch and dentin bond agent) were comparable to the seal of the glass ionomer cement restorations. Compared with the 2-week specimens, there was no increase in leakage of the 6-month resin restorations when inserted with dentin bond agents and acid etch. The sealing ability of the resin restorations in conservatively prepared cavities was superior to comparable resin restorations in cavities that had not been prepared. This did not appear to be true for glass ionomer cement restorations. Data obtained to compare the bond strength of resins as used in the study with that of glass ionomer cements do not indicate a precise correlation between bond strength and sealing ability. The exact role of dentin bonding agents await further evaluation of their stability over a prolonged period of time, particularly in clinical investigations.
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This investigation revealed no significant difference among the four thermocycling techniques. The use of a dye or an isotope was equally effective and penetrated the tooth/restoration interface to a similar degree. The extent of tracer penetration appeared to be independent of the dwell time in the thermal baths. All procedures involving thermal changes were more potent in demonstrating leakage than the noncycled method.
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Two series of composite resins were prepared with a light-cured urethane dimethacrylate matrix to which varying amounts of two types of silanated silica particles were added. One series contained volume fractions ranging from 15.8 to 28.8% silica particles of 20 nm in diameter (Type I filler) and the other series volume fractions of from 24 to 49.4% of an agglomerated silica particle of 40 nm in diameter (Type II filler). Tests were conducted to determine the effect of filler level on: depth of cure as determined by hardness measurements; color stability in both UV light and water; water sorption with time; hardness; compressive strength; strain behavior in slow compression; and resistance to toothbrush abrasion and wear by hydroxyapatite. Analysis of the data obtained for these two microfilled series indicate that increased filler levels result in trends for increased depth of cure, color stability, hardness, compressive strength, and stiffness, while water sorption and resistance to both toothbrush abrasion and wear by hydroxyapatite were reduced. These trends were more pronounced for the Type II filler series than for the Type I filler series. However, there was a greater differential in filler levels within the Type II series than within the Type I series.
Two series of dental composites, along with the unfilled resin matrix, were examined to determine the effects of filler level and size on selected properties. Both series were prepared by incorporating a silanated barium borosilicate filler into a visible-light-activated polyphenylene polymethacrylate resin matrix. One series had a filler particle size of 2 microns, with filler levels of 20, 40, 45, 50, and 53% (vol). The second series contained a 15-microns filler in amounts of 20, 40, 50, 60, and 65% (vol). Tests conducted included: depth of cure as evaluated by hardness, water sorption, compressive strength, stress-strain behavior under slow compression, toothbrush abrasion, and wear by hydroxyapatite. Analysis of the data indicated that increased filler levels resulted in increased hardness, compressive strength and stiffness, and decreased water sorption. Also, there was a slight trend toward improved depth of cure. Incorporation of the 2-microns filler decreased the abrasion resistance of the resins to toothbrushing as compared with the unfilled resin, while addition of the 15-microns filler improved resistance. All filled resins exhibited a significant improvement in resistance to wear by hydroxyapatite as compared with the unfilled resin. There was a trend for increased wear with increased filler level. The particle size of the filler appeared to have a moderate influence on the properties. When compared with 15-microns filled resins of the same filler levels, the 2-micron filled series appeared to have inferior properties in terms of depth of cure, compressive strength, water sorption, and resistance to toothbrush abrasion. Properties which were less affected by particle size were hardness, stiffness, and wear resistance to hydroxyapatite.