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Biomedical subjects

M L Smith

Publications and source records attributed to M L Smith.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Continent vesicostomy. Application in a patient.

Continent vesicostomy, as performed in the laboratory animal, allows the severely dysfunctional bladder to be emptied at predetermined intervals by transabdominal catheterization. The formation of a continent vesicostomy in a patient with markedly impaired bladder function secondary to an extended pelvic operation for the treatment of cancer is described. This technique provides a possible alternative to the construction of a urinary conduit in patients disabled from the treatment of a pelvic malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Mortality in unionized truck drivers.

To determine occupational mortality in the Central States Teamster population, all death certificates for a three-month period in 1976 were collected and coded. With the exception of respiratory tract cancer and motor vehicle accident deaths, mortality rates were lower than those found in the U.S. population and comparable to those found in other employed populations. It was not possible to separate the effect of cigarette smoking from environmental exposure to explain the excess respiratory tract cancer death. Unexpectedly, the majority of accident mortalities occurred away from work rather than at work.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1977

Paternal effects on the development of social behavior in Mus musculus.

In order to extend the determination and description of effects of the father's phenotype on the development of social behavior in male mice, we tested 24 males from each of 2 highly inbred strains of Mus musculus, A/J and C57BL/6J. Approximately 1 week before the birth of the subjects, we replaced natural fathers with a foster parent such that, within each strain, 8 subjects had preweaning experience with same-strain males, 8 with other-strain males, and 8 with same-strain females, in addition to their natural mothers. Observations of social behavior were conducted at 21, 50, and 60 days of age. The results showed effects of the foster parent's phenotype on the development of social exploration in both strains and, possibly, on agonistic behavior in C57BL/6J mice. The different effects in the 2 strains indicate mechanisms dependent on genotype.

Aggression↗
PubMed1976

Vaginal reconstruction following extensive treatment for pelvic cancer.

Since 1970, 23 patients at UCLA and The City of Hope who have undergone extensive treatment for pelvic malignancy have had vaginal function successfully restored. A combination of methods, including split-thickness skin graft and the construction of an external vulvar pouch, is often necessary to obtain maximal functional results. The external vulvar pouch was very useful, although not as anatomically appealing as internal methods of reconstruction. In young patients who required an exenteration, a new technique using part of the anterior bladder fundus was developed. Preliminary experience with this method was promising. Among the gorup of 23 patients, there have been no overt failures. By combining restoration of rectal function with vaginal reconstruction, two major steps have been taken toward total rehabilitation of the patient undergoing extensive treatment for pelvic malignancy. Persistence, ingenuity, and planning by the surgeon are essential to obtain a maximum functional result for each patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Parotidectomy.

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Facial Paralysis↗
PubMed1974

Combination Adriamycin and radiation therapy in gynecologic cancers.

Anthracyclic antibiotics, of which Adriamycin is representative, have the ability to bind to cellular DNA and thereby interfere with the X-ray repair process. When radiation survival curves of tissue cultures were studied, increased cell-killing was noted in those cultures with Adriamycin over those without the drug. The mechanism by which this occurs may be related to a reduced rate of DNA strand break rejoining, as demonstrated by use of alkaline sucrose gradient techniques. A preliminary clinical Phase I study, in which patients with advanced gynecologic malignancy were treated by simultaneous Adriamycin and X radiation, suggests that combined therapy is well-tolerated, and that such combinations may prove useful in selected patients.

Cell Survival↗