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Biomedical subjects

M L Riese

Publications and source records attributed to M L Riese.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Multimethod assessment of temperament in twins: birth to six months.

The predictive relationship between neonatal behavior and temperament at 6 months was assessed in 62 pairs of twins. The neonatal assessment evaluated irritability, resistance to soothing, reactivity, and activity level across various activities. Temperament at 6 months was appraised by a laboratory assessment, ratings on the Infant Behavior Record, and a questionnaire completed by the mother. Examination for temperament consistency from the neonatal period to 6 months indicated that neonates rated by an examiner as irritable and difficult to soothe were reported by the mother to be more negative, irritable, and slower to adapt at 6 months; neonates rated as more irritable and active were more attentive and responsive during mental testing at 6 months; there was no relationship between the neonatal measures and the laboratory ratings, possibly reflecting methodological problems influenced by maturation and vegetative processes at 6 months. Analyses for patterns of concordance within the various data sets for MZ and DZ twins indicated that there was no pattern of differential concordance favoring MZ twins for the temperament measures at birth or at 6 months. It was concluded that a modest predictive relationship between temperament variables had been demonstrated from birth to 6 months, but no specific genetic effects were detected at these early ages.

Attention↗
PubMed1984

Within-pair differences in newborn twins: effects of gender and gestational age on behavior.

The behavior of 120 full term and 160 preterm newborn twins was assessed in several key areas: Irritability, soothability, reactivity, reinforcement value, and activity level. Infants were assessed during various situations so that aggregate, or summary, scores representing each behavioral area could be obtained. Evaluations were made during a feeding period, an active sleep period, an awake alert period during which orienting and interactional behaviors were observed, a quiet period during which reactivity to stress was observed, and any fussy periods during which irritability and soothability were assessed. Significant within-twin-pair concordance of behavior was obtained for each of the areas of behavior, suggesting the influence of constitutional variables on neonatal behavior. Analysis of these data by sex resulted in significant within-pair concordance of behavior for same-sex but not for opposite-sex twins. The actual ratings on these behaviors differentiated between full term and preterm infants. Increased behavioral deviance was observed with increasing prematurity in the areas of soothability and activity level. The results are discussed in terms of increased risk factors for preterm twins.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1983

Behavioral patterns in full-term and preterm twins.

Scores from a behavioral assessment of 160 stable preterm newborn twins were compared with those obtained from 120 full-term newborn twins. The twins were examined during various activities to obtain representative samples of behavior in the following behavioral categories: irritability, resistance to soothing, reactivity, reinforcement value, and activity level. Within-pair correlations were found in all of the behavioral categories, suggesting a constitutional influence on behavioral patterns during the neonatal period. The preterm infants demonstrated internal consistency of behavior similar to that of the full-term group in the first three categories. However, group differences were found when comparing the preterm with the full-term infants on actual ratings of the items. Behavioral differences between these full-term and preterm twins were comparable to those published for samples of singleton infants.

Arousal↗
PubMed1980

Effects of prematurity and early intervention on responsivity to tactual stimuli: a comparison of preterm and full-term infants.

Cardiac and behavioral responses to a tactual stimulus were evaluated during the first sleep cycle for 3 groups of infants: 30 full terms, 30 nonintervened preterms, and 30 intervened preterms. Prior to testing, the latter group had received a regimen of multimodal sensory stimulation, which emphasized the tactual and vestibular modalities. The results showed that the intervention altered the preterms' sensory functioning mainly during active sleep. In this state, the full terms and the intervened preterms exhibited a significant cardiac acceleration to the stimulus, while the nonintervened preterms failed to do so. Similarly, the behavioral response of the intervened preterm more closely approximated that of the full terms. During quiet sleep the intervention did not affect either the cardiac or the behavioral response. In this sleep state, the full terms' cardiac response was that of monophasic acceleration, whereas both groups of preterms exhibited a biphasic response with a smaller initial acceleration which was followed by a deceleration below baseline. Behaviorally, the preterms responded less frequently and gave smaller responses than the full terms. Thus there were marked differences between preterms and full terms, and the intervention seemed to narrow this gap to some extent.

Female↗