Drug metabolism in rats with cancer induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine and phenobarbital.
The metabolism of R- and S-warfarin in vivo and in vitro, bufuralol in vitro, and antipyrine and debrisoquine in vivo were studied in rats with cancer induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine and phenobarbital treatment. Microsomal cytochrome P-450 content was greatly reduced in both healthy and cancerous parts of the livers of tumour-bearing animals. The specific activities of R-warfarin and bufuralol 1'-hydroxylases were significantly elevated in rats with cancer. The activities of S-warfarin hydroxylases expressed per mg microsomal protein were reduced in animals with cancer, whereas those of R-warfarin and bufuralol 1'-hydroxylases were not. The urinary excretion of R-7-hydroxywarfarin was increased and those of S-6- and S-4'-hydroxywarfarin decreased in rats with cancer. The correlations between microsomal formation and urinary excretion of all warfarin metabolites were poor, except for R-7-hydroxywarfarin. Antipyrine oxidation was increased in the cancerous state but the urinary metabolic profiles were similar in rats with cancer and in controls. The metabolism of debrisoquine was decreased in tumour-bearing animals. Antipyrine metabolism did not show any correlation with either warfarin or debrisoquine metabolism, whereas several relationships were observed between warfarin and debrisoquine metabolism and between warfarin and bufuralol metabolism.