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Biomedical subjects

M Kuroyanagi

Publications and source records attributed to M Kuroyanagi.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Passive immunization against varicella in sick neonates by transfusion from donors immunologically enhanced by previous vaccination with live varicella vaccine.

Twenty-six sick children in a neonatal unit received passive immunization against varicella shortly after close contact with varicella in the ward, with the aim of preventing nosocomial infection. Because zoster immune globulin was not available at the time, the babies were given transfusion of whole blood from donors. All these donors had a history of varicella in childhood, and had received live varicella vaccine, Oka strain, to increase their immunological status before use of their blood for transfusion. Only one of the recipients contracted varicella after the passive immunization. No adverse reaction attributable to the transfusion was observed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Acycloguanosine therapy of the localized form of herpes simplex virus infection in a low-birth-weight infant.

It is known that the localized form of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection does not always show a good prognosis. A preterm infant who evidenced skin and tongue lesions, caused by HSV type 1, was treated by acycloguanosine. The result was satisfactory without any complications. Therefore, a localized form of HSV infection of the newborn infant, even though the patient has a low-birth-weight, should be treated by the drug immediately after the observation of the positive HSV culture.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1983

Electroencephalographic study of intraventricular hemorrhage in the preterm newborn.

The neonatal EEG was studied in 19 preterm infants with peri- and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) verified by CT scan. The background EEG showed an increasing discontinuity with increasing severity of brain damage. The EEG was of little diagnostic value but provided a good prognostic tool. The degree of brain damage classified by background EEG was significantly correlated with clinical outcome, but the degree of hemorrhage graded by CT scan was of less prognostic value. Positive rolandic sharp waves were seen in only 2 of 19 infants and were of little diagnostic significance. The EEG was also useful to detect subtle seizures including apneic ones in very low-birthweight infants with IVH.

Apnea↗
PubMed1983

The prognostic value of EEG in neonatal meningitis.

EEG recordings were made polygraphically in 29 newborn infants with meningitis. Visual and auditory evoked potentials, and CT scans were also obtained in some of them. The neonatal findings of these examinations were well correlated with the clinical outcome. Background EEG activity was a good prognostic tool but could not indicate the type of complications, although persistent abnormality correlated with severe brain damage or development of complications. The polygraphically recorded EEG was of great value to diagnose the apneic seizures often encountered in neonatal meningitis.

Alpha Rhythm↗
PubMed1982

Apneic seizures in the newborn.

Electroclinical features of convulsive apnea and its relation to the behavioral state were described on the basis of polygraphic recordings from 21 newborns with various underlying disorders, including perinatal anoxia, purulent meningitis, and intracranial bleeding. The most frequent ictal discharges were rhythmic alpha waves, but other types of discharges, such as repeated sharp waves, rhythmic theta waves, delta waves, and repeated paroxysmal wave complexes, were also frequently seen. The area where the ictal discharges initially occurred or were most prominent was the temporal area, suggesting the limbic origin of apneic seizures. In more than half of the cases, the sleep cycle was abolished. In those cases where the sleep cycle was preserved, the seizures occurred most frequently in active sleep, but never in quiet sleep.

Alpha Rhythm↗
PubMed1982

Neonatal seizures and subsequent epilepsy.

Neonatal findings and evolutionary courses of epileptic seizures were described in newborns who had seizures during the neonatal period and later developed epilepsy. Neonates with CNS dysgenesis ran the highest risk (80%) for subsequent epilepsy. About 30% of those who suffered from perinatal hypoxia and/or intracranial birth injury and 30% of those who had meningitis developed subsequent epilepsy. In perinatal brain injury, those who developed epilepsy showed more abnormal neurological and electroencephalographic findings than those who did not. The more abnormal the neonatal background EEG, the more frequently epileptic fits developed later. There was no such relationship in CNS dysgenesis. Myoclonic seizures were associated with the most severe brain damage. Newborns who later displayed West syndrome had also very abnormal neonatal EEG whereas those who manifested other types of fits more often had less abnormal neonatal EEGs. In West syndrome, hypsarrhythmia was preceded by focal or multifocal spikes, and closely temporally related with the onset of spasms, but there was a variety of intervals between the onset of clinical fits and EEG spikes in generalized or focal motor seizures.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1981

Mutagenicities of 61 flavonoids and 11 related compounds.

The mutagenicities of 61 flavonoids (naturally occurring flavonoid aglycones and flavonal glycosides and synthetic flavonoids) and those of 11 compounds structurally related to flavonoids were tested with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA98. Among the 22 flavone derivatives tested, only wogonin was strongly mutagenic, while five derivatives, apigenin triacetate, acacetin, chrysoeriol, pedalitin, and pedalitin tetraacetate, were only weakly mutagenic. Two bisflavonyl derivatives, neither of which has a 3-hydroxyl group, were not mutagenic. Of the 16 flavonol derivatives tested, all except 3-hydroxyflavone and the tetra- and penta-methyl ethers of quercetin were mutagenic. Of the five flavanone derivatives tested, only 7,4-dihydroxyflavanone was mutagenic, showing weak activity. Of the four flavanolol derivatives tested, hydrorobinetin and taxifolin were weakly mutagenic. Of the six isoflavone derivatives tested, tectorigenin was weakly mutagenic. Of the 11 compounds in the miscellaneous group structurally related to flavonoids, only isoliquiritigenin was mutagenic, showing weak activity. For the emergence of strong mutagenicity, the double bond between positions 2 and 3 and the hydroxyl group at position 3 are required, except in wogonin, which does not have a hydroxyl group at position 3 but is strongly mutagenic to TA100. The 3-O-acetyl ester of flavonol, quercetin, was mutagenic with S9 mix, but 3-O-methyl ethers were not. Six flavonol glycosides, three quercetin glycosides and three kaempferol glycosides were mutagenic after preincubation with "hesperidinase," a crude extract of Aspergillus niger. Of 66 flavonoid agylcones and compounds structurally related to flavonoids, quercetin was the strongest mutagen. The carcinogenicity of this compound should be clarified because it is ubiquitously found in vegetables.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The value of EEG and cerebral evoked potentials in the assessment of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage.

The EEG, visual and auditory evoked potentials (VEP, AEP) were evaluated in 16 full-term newborn infants who had intracranial hemorrhage documented by computerized tomography (CT). Three of them had supratentorial, three, supra- and infratentorial hemorrhage, while the other ten had infra- or pri-tentorial bleeding. Three died during the neonatal period. Eight of the 13 surviving infants were neurologically normal and five were abnormal at the time of the follow-up. Those who had normal or mildly abnormal background EEGs all developed normally, while those whose neonatal EEG was severely abnormal subsequently developed neurological sequelae irrespective of the extent of intracranial hemorrhage. The EEG, VEP or AEP is of little value in the diagnosis of intracranial bleeding but the EEG is valuable in assessing the degree of associated parenchymatous damage and is of great prognostic significance.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1981

Effect of phototherapy on erythrocyte membrane proteins of full-term and premature human newborn infants.

Erythrocyte membrane proteins of premature and full-term newborn infants were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis before and after phototherapy for about 21 hours at the irradiation energy of 7.3 x 10(3) erg/cm2/sec. There were no qualitative and quantitative differences in the pattern of membrane proteins before and after phototherapy in these infants.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗
PubMed1979

Neonatal EEG and computerized tomography.

The correlation between EEG and CT scan was studied in 57 full-term newborn infants with various neurological abnormalities, in order to clarify pathological processes underlying EEG abnormalities during the neonatal period. The relation between EEG and CT findings changes with the time elapsing after the acute phase of the perinatal brain insult. The same EEG pattern was associated with different CT findings of perinatal brain injury were usually associated with complete obliteration of cerebrospinal fluid spaces, a phenomenon considered to reflect severe brain swelling. Milkdly and minimally depressed EEGs in the acute phase were usually associated with localized decreased brain density, which is thought to represent localized edema. Moderately depressed background EEGs in the first week were associated with normal CT scans in most cases, although mild localized edema did not produce significant changes in the background EEG in some cases. In contrast to perinatal brain lesions, CT scans were not always well correlated with background EEGs in congenital cerebral dysplasia and intracranial hemorrhage, although the EEG was an useful adjunct to the CT scan in the diagnosis and prognostication of these disorders.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1977

Electroclinical studies of seizures in the newborn.

Electroclinical features of neonatal seizures were studied in 215 neonates who developed seizures during the first three weeks of life. In 62 of them, clinical fits occurred during the actual polygraphic recording. The electro-clinical correlations were very variable, although there were some statistically significant associations between certain types of seizures and electrical discharges. The relation between seizures and sleep states was investigated in 40 infants who had more than three fits during the recording. The state in which more than 70% of seizures occurred was active sleep in 28% of the cases, quiet sleep in 13%, indeterminate sleep in 8%, and wakefulness in 8%. In 50%, seizures did not tend to occur in a given state. The authors thank Professor Suzuki for his continued interest and encouragement.

Cortical Synchronization↗