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Biomedical subjects

M Kuroda

Publications and source records attributed to M Kuroda.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A study of DNA ploidy pattern, proliferation index and PCNA in duodenal carcinoma].

12 cases of duodenal carcinoma were studied for nuclear DNA ploidy patterns, the proliferation index (PI), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) positive score (1 = 0-25%, 2 = 26-50%, 3 = 51-75%, 4 = 76-100%) and PCNA positive rate. DNA aneuploidy was observed in 9 cases (75%) and PCNA staining was positive in 11 cases (91.6%). DNA ploidy patterns, PI, PCNA positive scores and positive rates were not related to each other. No relationship DNA ploidy patterns for PCNA positive scores and PCNA positive rates could be found. The relationship between PI and PCNA positive score was found not to be significant (P less than 0.10). PI was revealed to correlate significantly (P less than 0.05) to PCNA positive rate.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1992

[Urinary cytology for carcinoma of the urinary bladder].

Cytologic examinations of voided urine were reviewed for 82 cases of invasive or noninvasive papillary carcinoma and 25 cases of carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder. Five of the 82 cases of invasive or noninvasive papillary carcinoma and 3 of the 25 cases of carcinoma in situ were asymptomatic, and malignancy was detected only by urinary cytology. Urinary cytology was positive in 18.5% of the Grade 1, 33.3% of the Grade 2, 75% of the Grade 3 noninvasive carcinomas and in 77.8% of the invasive carcinomas. However, all 25 cases of carcinoma in situ gave positive cytologic results. Malignant cells found in Grade 1 noninvasive papillary carcinoma were slightly atypic in shape. Their nuclei were small but showed mild to moderate hyperchromasia. These malignant cells appeared in small clusters but the number of clusters were few. In Grade 2 or 3 noninvasive papillary carcinoma, malignant cells appeared in small clusters or isolated single cells. Their nuclei were irregular in shape and showed moderate to marked hyperchromasia. In invasive carcinoma and carcinoma in situ, many malignant cells with marked atypia were observed, but in carcinoma in situ, the background of the specimens was clean.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Surgical treatment under extracorporeal circulation for renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava].

Three cases of renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending into the inferior vena cava are reported. Radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy were performed under extracorporeal circulation in all the cases. The level of tumor thrombus was preoperatively determined by computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or venacavography. The tumor thrombus extended into the right atrium in one, and above the hepatic vein in two cases. One patient whose thrombus reached the right atrium died of multiple metastasis of renal cell carcinoma 5 months after operation. Another patient with lung metastasis was given interferon-alpha and is alive 5 months after operation. The other patient is clinically free of disease and in good health 7 years after operation. We believe that extracorporeal circulation allows an opportunity to resect the tumor thrombus in a controlled situation, and makes the operation safer.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Spontaneous peripelvic extravasation associated with primary ureteral tumor: a case report].

A case of spontaneous peripelvic extravasation associated with primary ureteral tumor is reported. A 56-year-old woman presented with left flank pain. Excretory urogram and abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scan demonstrated left hydronephrosis with extravasation of contrast materials around the renal pelvis. Retrograde pyelogram showed the filling defect in the left upper ureter. Under diagnosis of ureteral tumor, total nephroureterectomy was performed. Histological findings revealed transitional cell carcinoma. 80 cases of spontaneous peripelvic extravasation in Japan were reviewed and discussed briefly.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1991

Ultrastructure and synaptic organization of axon terminals from brainstem structures to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus of the rat.

The ultrastructural characteristics and synaptic organization of afferent terminals from the brainstem to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) of the rat have been studied with the electron microscope, by means of anterograde transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP). Labeled fibers were seen predominantly in the lateral portion of MD after the injections of WGA-HRP into the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr), the superior colliculus (SC), and the dorsal tegmental region (DT). The boutons arising from the SC were relatively small (less than 1.5 microns in diameter), formed asymmetric synaptic contacts with small dendrites and dendritic spines, and contained round synaptic vesicles. The axon terminals from the DT were mostly large boutons (2-4.5 microns) with asymmetric synaptic specializations and round vesicles. These boutons and their postsynaptic targets formed synaptic glomeruli that were entirely or partially ensheathed by glial lamellae. The ultrastructural features are almost identical to those of boutons in the medial and central segments of MD that were previously shown to originate from the basal amygdaloid nucleus and the piriform cortex. The boutons from the SNr had a wide range in size, but the majority were medium-sized to large (1.5-4 microns). The nigral boutons established symmetric synaptic contacts with dendritic shafts and occasionally with somata, and contained pleomorphic vesicles. However, like the DT terminals, they participated in glomerular formations. The nigral terminals closely resemble previously described terminals in the medial part of MD from the ventral pallidum, except that the nigral terminals formed en passant and axosomatic synapses as well as axodendritic synapses. A combined immunohistochemistry and WGA-HRP tracing study revealed that the nigral inputs were immunoreactive for glutamic acid decarboxylase and the axon terminals from the DT were immunoreactive for choline acetyltransferase. In a separate study, the colliculothalamic fibers have been shown to take up and transport the transmitter specific tracer [3H]-D-aspartate, and are therefore putatively glutamatergic and/or aspartatergic. Taken together with this, the present results suggest that the collicular afferents are excitatory and glutamatergic and/or aspartatergic, that the inputs from the DT are also excitatory and cholinergic, while the nigral inputs are inhibitory and GABAergic.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

An ultrastructural study of neurotensin-like immunoreactive terminals in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus of the rat.

Neurotensin-like immunoreactive (NTir) axon terminals in the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD) in the adult rat were demonstrated by electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. Most NTir terminals were large (greater than 2 microns in diameter) with round synaptic vesicles and asymmetrical synaptic contacts although smaller (less than 1.5 microns in diameter) axon terminals were also labeled. Both types of terminals were found in the medial and central parts of MD with the greatest density in the medial part. These NTir boutons have similar ultrastructural features as anterogradely labeled terminals from the piriform cortex and the preoptic area, which have previously been identified as sources of NTir axons in MD. A few NTir boutons were also found in the medial part of MD with pleomorphic vesicles and symmetrical synaptic contacts.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Synaptic organization of projections from basal forebrain structures to the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus of the rat.

The synaptic organization of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) in the rat was studied with the electron microscope, and correlated with the termination of afferent fibers labeled with wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP). Presynaptic axon terminals were classified into four categories in MD on the basis of the size, synaptic vesicle morphology, and synaptic membrane specializations: 1) small axon terminals with round synaptic vesicles (SR), which made asymmetrical synaptic contacts predominantly with small dendritic shafts; 2) large axon terminals with round vesicles (LR), which established asymmetrical synaptic junctions mainly with large dendritic shafts; 3) small to medium axon terminals with pleomorphic vesicles (SMP), which formed symmetrical synaptic contacts with somata and small-diameter dendrites; 4) large axon terminals with pleomorphic vesicles (LP), which made symmetrical synaptic contacts with large dendritic shafts. Synaptic glomeruli were also identified in MD that contained either LR or LP terminals as the central presynaptic components. No presynaptic dendrites were identified. In order to identify terminals arising from different sources, injections of WGA-HRP were made into cortical and subcortical structures known to project to MD, including the prefrontal cortex, piriform cortex, amygdala, ventral pallidum and thalamic reticular nucleus. Axons from the amygdala formed LR terminals, while those from the prefrontal and insular cortex ended exclusively in SR terminals. Fibers labeled from the piriform cortex formed both LR and SR endings. Based on their morphology, all of these are presumed to be excitatory. In contrast, the axons from the ventral pallidum ended as LP terminals, and those from the thalamic reticular nucleus formed SMP terminals. Both are presumed to be inhibitory. At least some terminals from these sources have also been identified as GABAergic, based on double labeling with anterogradely transported WGA-HRP and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) immunocytochemistry.

Amygdala↗
PubMed1991

Subcellular distribution and phosphorylation state of insulin receptors from insulin- and isoproterenol-treated rat adipose cells.

Rat adipose cells treated with insulin followed by isoproterenol exhibit a change in glucose transporter intrinsic activity (lowered maximal activity) and a decrease in insulin sensitivity (rightward shift of the concentration-response curve) when assayed for 3-O-methylglucose transport. To investigate the latter phenomenon, the distribution and phosphorylation state of insulin receptors was examined. Isoproterenol augmented the effect of insulin to reduce cell surface receptors by 20-30%. These receptors were recovered in microsomal fractions. Isoproterenol also markedly reduced insulin-stimulated [32P]phosphate incorporation into the plasma membrane receptor beta-subunit. These effects may account for the effect of isoproterenol to decrease the sensitivity of the glucose transport response to insulin.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Further study on polyamine compositions in Vibrionaceae.

It has previously been reported that norspermidine, one of the unusual polyamines, is present in Vibrio species. To expand this observation, the cellular polyamine compositions of additional species and strains in the family Vibrionaceae (Vibrio, Photobacterium, Listonella, and Shewanella) as well as Aeromonas species and Plesiomonas shigelloides, which have been proposed to be excluded from Vibrionacea, were determined by using gas-liquid chromatography. Some Vibrio species previously reported were reexamined under the same conditions, and their results are included in this report. Norspermidine was detected as a major triamine in 23 of 24 Vibrio species, all of 4 Listonella species, and 3 of 5 Photobacterium species. Vibrio costicola, Photobacterium fischeri, and Photobacterium phosphoreum contained no norspermidine. Listonella species were indistinguishable from Vibrio species in their polyamine profiles. However, Schewanella putrefaciens ATCC 8071, formerly allocated in the genus Alteromonas, contained no norspermidine, and its polyamine profile was similar to those of four Aeromonas species, in which putrescine was exclusively found. Plesiomonas shigelloides was very similar to Escherichia coli in that putrescine and spermidine were predominant polyamines. Our data indicate that the occurrence of norspermidine may be very helpful as a generic marker in identification and classification of Vibrio and Listonella species. A gas-liquid chromatographic method with a nitrogen-selective detector was presented for rapid and sensitive detection of cellular norspermidine.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1991

[Course and morphology studies in penile cancer].

A 75-year-old male patient showed an extensive erosion mainly restricted to the penile site, which was found when he received appendectomy. The penile lesion had persisted for about ten years, during which period the erosion extended gradually while he missed to consult a physician. The lesion was a florid and wetting erosion, with a definite boundary, which covered the entire circumference of the penile foreskin and also extended to the suprapubic area, scrotum and external urethral orifice. Although the diagnosis could not be made by biopsy, extra mammary Paget's disease was strongly suspected. Bilateral modified inguinal lymphadenectomy and systemic evaluation were first performed to confirm that there was no metastasis or complexed disease in other organs. Then extensive wide resection of the skin lesion and reconstruction using a split-thickness skin graft were performed. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, although most part showed only inflammatory erosion. Clinical course and the histopathological findings including specific staining patterns led to the diagnosis of poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma originated from erythroplasia. During post-operative 18 months until now, no local recurrence or distant metastasis has been observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Radical surgery with pubectomy for primary male posterior urethral cancer--a case report].

A 38-year-old male patient with the past history of polioencephalopathy was admitted with urinary retention and high grade fever. Although he was able to walk he had the intelligence of a 3-year-old child and his spine, thorax, fingers were deformed remarkably. Immediately after the admission, cystostomy was carried out and 600 ml of stinky and cloudy urine was noted. Although intensive antibiotic therapy was performed, high grade fever with leucocytosis (greater than 15,000/mm2) persisted for more than 10 days. Retrograde urethrogram showed stricture in the anterior urethra as well as irregular filling defect in the bulbomembranous urethra. After urethral dilation using urethral dilators, 18Fr nephrostomy balloon catheter was indwelled and the patient was discharged. However, the urethral irregular filling defect was unchanged and cytological examination of urine and urethral secretions revealed class V. After the readmission, endoscopic examination revealed papillary tumor lesions occupying the whole posterior urethra were found. With the diagnosis of invasive posterior urethral cancer, anterior exenteration by en bloc pubectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy and ileal conduit urinary diversion were carried out. On the surgical specimen, the tumor occupied the bulbomembranous and prostatic urethra. Histopathological diagnosis was TCC G3 greater than SCC, stage B. Since the tumor invaded the serosa of the membranous urethra, we thought it could not be removed completely without the pubctomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Combination chemotherapy with ifosfamide (or cyclophosphamide), adriamycin, cis-platinum and peplomycin (IAPP) for hormonally resistant metastatic prostatic cancer].

From January, 1986 to April, 1990, combination chemotherapy with ifosfamide (or cyclophosphamide), adriamycin, cis-platinum and peplomycin was performed in 15 patients with hormonally resistant metastatic adenocarcinoma. Three patients had partial response (PR) and 9 remained objectively stable (ST). The median response duration of PR + ST (12) was 5.7 months (range 2.8 to 18.0+). Three patients progressed while on this therapy. Of 8 patients with prior treatment of chemotherapy or chemo-hormonal therapy, 6 achieved an objective response (2 PR, 4 ST). Severe toxicities occurred in 2 patients. One died of lung fibrosis induced by peplomycin and the other received urinary diversion for persistent hemorrhagic cystitis. These results compare favorably with previous reports of chemotherapy treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer patients who failed on hormonal manipulation. However, careful treatment is needed for lung fibrosis and hemorrhagic cystitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Incontinent urinary diversion].

We analyzed 237 patients who underwent total cystectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion or cutaneous ureterostomy at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka. One-hundred and eighty-eight patients underwent ileal conduit diversion and 49 patients underwent cutaneous ureterostomy. No patient died within 30 days after the operation, but two patients who underwent ileal conduit diversion died of postoperative complications within 2 months. Early complications occurred in 94 patients (50%) in the ileal conduit group and in 18 patients (37%) in the ureterostomy group. Late complications occurred in 85 patients (45%) in the ileal conduit group and in 23 patients (47%) in the ureterostomy group. Frequent early complications in the ileal conduit group were wound infection (29%), and intestinal complications (13%) which included ileus and upper urinary tract complications (12%). The most frequent late complications were stomal complications (26%) which included peristomal dermatitis stomal stenosis, parastomal hernia, and stomal prolapse, and upper urinary tract complications which were noted in 27 patients (14%).

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical implications of the O-antigen serovar E and drug resistance in persistent Pseudomonas infection].

We studied bacteriological parameters in patients with persistent Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection, including distribution of the PA O-antigen serovars, incidence of serovar conversion during treatment and relationship between these serovars and susceptibility to antibiotics. PA was identified using an automated bacterial identification system (Avantage Microbiology Center, Abbot Lab., USA) and the PA O-antigen serovar was performed with a monoclonal serovar diagnostic kit (Mei-Assay Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Meiji Seika, Tokyo). Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration according to the NCCLS method. The PA was isolated in 14.7% of the total of 1,900 isolates in our hospital from April, 1987 to March, 1988, and was most frequently isolated from urine specimens (51.9%), followed by sputum (40.0%). The serovar E was isolated in 57 (36.3%) of 157 PA strains tested, followed by the serovar B (21.0%) and G (17.8%). The serovar E was widely distributed in the wards of hematology (55.6%), neurosurgery (54.2%) and urology (42.3%). The serovar E showed high resistance rates to many antibiotics: 62.5% to piperacillin; 58.3%, cefsulodin; 58.3%, cefoperazone; and 70.8%, gentamicin. Serovar conversion during treatment was noticed in 8 of 24 patients with persistent PA infection. Three of 5 patients in whom the serovar had converted to the serovar E died. These results suggest that PA infection with the serovar E, especially with that converting from another serovar is an unfavorable prognostic sign.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1991

[Clinical results of total prostatectomy].

Radical surgery was administered to 63 patients with prostatic carcinoma, of whom 48 were put under total prostatectomy, 13 under cystoprostatectomy and 2 under pelvic exenteration. Adjuvant therapy was given in three forms: pretreatment to 31 patients, castration to 44 patients and pelvic lymphadenectomy to 39 patients. The 7 patients in stage A survived without carcinoma. Of the 25 patients in stage B, recurrence was seen in 7 patients but there were no deaths and the 5- and 10-year cumulative survival rates were both 86%. Of the 24 stage C patients, 8 developed recurrence, 4 died with the disease, and the 5 and 10 year cumulative survival rates were 82% and 55% respectively. There were 7 stage D patients, of whom 3 developed recurrence and 2 died, and these patients had a 5 year cumulative survival rate of 86%. The results demonstrated that total prostatectomy with suitable adjuvant therapy is useful for advanced carcinoma as well as clinically early stage carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Parameter in fulminant hepatitis].

Serum complement hemolytic activities (CH 50) and plasma prothrombin time (PTT) of patients with fulminant hepatitis (FH, 11 cases of acute type and 11 cases of subacute type), severe acute hepatitis (AH-S, 9 cases) and typical acute hepatitis (AH-T, 20 cases) were examined. AH-S was diagnosed as AH patients with PTT under 40% and without hepatic coma. Survival rates were 100% in AH-S, 45.5% (5/11) in acute type of FH and 9.1% (1/11) in subacute type of FH. The mean levels of CH 50 on their admission were 42.6 U/ml in AH-T, 28.8 U/ml in AH-S and 13.1 U/ml in FH. CH50 levels in acute hepatitis decreased in parallel to the severity of the disease and correlated with PTT (r = 0.809). In many cases of FH and almost all cases of AH-S, CH50 levels changed more slowly than those of PTT. The patients with AH-S and subacute type of FH showed a prolonged PTT and the normal levels of CH 50 in their acute phase. These results indicate that CH50 and PTT could be useful markers differentiating subacute type from acute type of fulminant hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗