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Biomedical subjects

M Kuhn

Publications and source records attributed to M Kuhn.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Analgesic activity of propyphenazone in patients with pain following oral surgery.

The acute analgesic effect of single oral doses of 150 and 300 mg propyphenazone, 1000 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and placebo was investigated in 210 patients with pain following dental surgery. At most time points over the 3-hour observation period all the active medications had a significantly greater analgesic effect than placebo according to all the methods of pain assessment used. Both doses of propyphenazone reached their peak activity sooner than ASA, and their duration of action tended to be shorter. On a per milligram basis, the relative analgesic potency of propyphenazone was about twice that of ASA. All test substances were well tolerated. Side effects, such as tiredness, nausea, headache, dizziness etc., were reported by less than 20% of the patients. The nature of the adverse reactions was similar for all medications, and as they were recorded most frequently after placebo, they cannot therefore be definitely ascribed to one or the other of the active test substances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Acute hypercalcemia syndrome in sarcoidosis].

In a 26-year-old patient admitted to the emergency ward with acute abdomen, all the symptoms--nausea, vomiting, indeterminate abdominal pain, constipation, renal failure, polyuria and polydipsia--could be explained by calcium intoxication syndrome. Investigation revealed generalized sarcoidosis. Under medical treatment with prednisone all the pathologic findings rapidly regressed. The pathogenesis of hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis, and particularly the disorder of vitamin D metabolism with raised levels of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, are discussed.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1984

[Goodpasture syndrome and (idiopathic) immune complex glomerulonephritis with pulmonary hemorrhage: 2 different syndromes?].

While Goodpasture syndrome was previously defined purely clinically by the combination of pneumorrhagia and glomerulonephritis, today the following immunologic criteria must also be satisfied: evidence, provided by immunofluorescent investigation of the kidneys and lungs, of antibasement membrane antibodies in the serum and linear deposits of immunoglobulins, due to direct apposition of antibasement membrane antibodies. Cases where the lesions are caused by immune complexes should no longer be designated as Goodpasture syndrome. In the light of one of our own cases of immune complex glomerulonephritis with pneumorrhagia, the question is raised whether this subdivision by means of immunologic investigations is meaningful for the clinician.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Research topics, author's specialty, and funding sources of articles published in an emergency medicine journal.

All original articles published in JACEP and Annals of Emergency Medicine in 1972, 1975, 1978, and 1981 were reviewed and classified according to topic, author's specialty, and funding source. The number of articles published in each category was as follows: toxicology, 44; emergency medical services (EMS), 34; general surgery, 31; emergency department, 28; educational techniques, 19; orthopedics, 17; cardiovascular disease, 15; pulmonary, 13; cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), 10; shock, 8; airway management, 8; and other, 71. The number of authors per article ranged from one to eight; the mean number of authors increased from 1.1 in 1972 to 2.6 in 1981 (P less than .001). The authors' backgrounds most frequently included were as follows: emergency medicine, 53.4%; surgery, 12.8%; internal medicine, 7.9%; and pediatrics, 1.6%. The percentage of articles with specific funding sources increased from 2.9% in 1972 to 25% in 1978, then decreased to 14.3% in 1981. The percentage for each funding source was as follows: government, 7.9%; industry, 2.0%; university, 3.3%; foundation, 2.0%; other, 1.0%; and none, 83.8%. This study demonstrates that there is a defined body of knowledge in emergency medicine, that emergency physicians author the majority of publications in this emergency medicine journal, and that emergency medicine is not supported by traditional funding sources.

Authorship↗
PubMed1984

Hydrogen evolution by strictly aerobic hydrogen bacteria under anaerobic conditions.

When strains and mutants of the strictly aerobic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus are grown heterotrophically on gluconate or fructose and are subsequently exposed to anaerobic conditions in the presence of the organic substrates, molecular hydrogen is evolved. Hydrogen evolution started immediately after the suspension was flushed with nitrogen, reached maximum rates of 70 to 100 mumol of H2 per h per g of protein, and continued with slowly decreasing rates for at least 18 h. The addition of oxygen to an H2-evolving culture, as well as the addition of nitrate to cells (which had formed the dissimilatory nitrate reductase system during the preceding growth), caused immediate cessation of hydrogen evolution. Formate is not the source of H2 evolution. The rates of H2 evolution with formate as the substrate were lower than those with gluconate. The formate hydrogenlyase system was not detectable in intact cells or crude cell extracts. Rather the cytoplasmic, NAD-reducing hydrogenase is involved by catalyzing the release of excessive reducing equivalents under anaerobic conditions in the absence of suitable electron acceptors. This conclusion is based on the following experimental results. H2 is formed only by cells which had synthesized the hydrogenases during growth. Mutants lacking the membrane-bound hydrogenase were still able to evolve H2. Mutants lacking the NAD-reducing or both hydrogenases were unable to evolve H2.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1983

A review of research methodology in an emergency medicine journal.

All original articles published in JACEP and Annals of Emergency Medicine in 1972, 1975, 1978, and 1981 were reviewed and classified according to type of article, research design, specific methods utilized, and statistical analyses employed. The number of articles published annually increased during the 10-year period, from 34 in 1972 to 131 in 1981. The percentage of articles devoted to clinical research, basic science, animal studies, and health services research also increased: 1972, 8.8%; 1975, 39.6%; 1978, 41.2%; and 1981, 51.1%. In 1972, only two studies had defined research designs. In 1981, 47 studies had the following research designs: case control, 9; cohort, 9; cross-sectional, 13; uncontrolled clinical trial, 3; non-random clinical trial, 7; and randomized clinical trial, 6. Research methodologies were defined in only two studies published in 1972, but increased in each of the years reviewed to 41 in 1978. The most common methodology was the use of diagnostic categories. In 1972, statistical analysis was limited to descriptive enumeration and was included in only three articles. In 1981, 62 articles contained statistical analyses, including chi square in 11; t test in 6; Fischer's exact test in 2; ANOVA in 4; and P value (method not stated) in 10. This study reveals a major increase in both the quality and quantity of emergency medicine research published during the 10-year period reviewed.

Emergency Medicine↗
PubMed1982

[Pollution of room air by building materials].

Due to better insulation and airtight windows and doors, the supply of fresh air is reduced. Therefore the pollutants which are continuously emitted from different materials into the room air are considerably increased. Measurements of the formaldehyde concentrations in new buildings have shown that after a year the admissible limits are still exceeded. Stricter regulations are necessary to limit the emissions of building- and insulation materials.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1982

Tetronomycin, a novel polyether of unusual structure.

Tetronomycin, C34H50O8, isolated from a strain of Streptomyces sp. nov. represents a novel polycyclic ionophore polyether. The crystal structure and absolute configuration were established by X-ray analysis of the mono-O-acetyltetronomycin silver salt. Tetronomycin is the first metabolic polyether which contains a tetronic acid moiety instead of the essential carboxylic acid function. A trisubstituted cyclohexane ring and an interesting molecular conformation of the silver salt represent additional unique structural features. Extensive NMR-studies enabled the assignment of chemical shifts and the correlation of the proton and carbon signals. Tetronomycin exhibits activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Verapamil in the treatment of PSVT.

Verapamil is considered by many investigators to be the drug of choice for the acute management of uncomplicated PSVT. Several clinical investigators have demonstrated termination of PSVT in more than 90% of their patients within minutes following IV drug administration. The incidence of reported severe adverse reactions has been less than 1%. PSVT may be complicated by underlying heart disease, or by antegrade accessory pathway conduction in individuals with pre-excitation syndrome. Such conditions, or the prior use of beta-blocking agents, may contraindicate the use of verapamil. However, the history of recent myocardial ischemia or the prior use of digitalis does not appear to contraindicate verapamil therapy. Guidelines for the emergency management of the patient in PSVT are presented.

Heart Conduction System↗
PubMed1980

Assessment of analgesics in dental surgery outpatients.

The usefulness of the dental outpatient model for evaluating the efficacy of mild analgesics, first described by Cooper and Beaver, is demonstrated in five separate, double-blind, randomised, single-dose, parallel-group studies. Pain intensity and pain relief were recorded at hourly intervals for 3 h following the administration of aspirin 1000 mg and placebo. In all five studies aspirin was significantly more effective than placebo, with relatively small variability of the response between the studies. The method is simple, reliable and sensitive and complements the inpatient studies of postoperative pain hitherto more frequently used.

Aspirin↗
PubMed1980

Aspects of the management of shock.

Shock is a state of systemic imbalance between supply and demand for oxygenated blood. We discuss here management of shock states not primarily of cardiac origin. Inadequacy or maldistribution of blood volume is important in the pathogenesis of most forms of shock. The Military Anti-Shock Trouser (MAST) suit assists the redistribution of blood from the periphery to the central circulation. Normal saline and Ringer's lactate solution may be used interchangeably for acute volume replacement. Colloid replacement requires smaller volumes but carries a higher risk of pulmonary edema, whereas crystalloid replacement requires larger volumes and leads to more systemic edema. Myocardial injury may contribute notably to the transition from reversible to irreversible shock. Naloxone, lidocaine, and indomethacin have improved survival in animal models of endotoxin shock, but proof of efficacy in humans is lacking. A role for corticosteroid administration in shock remains to be defined. Effective antibiotic therapy is the best treatment for septic shock; antisera against endotoxic antigens may develop as important adjunctive therapy.

Animals↗