Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Kubo

Publications and source records attributed to M Kubo.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Anti-inflammatory activities of methanolic extract and alkaloidal components from Corydalis tuber.

A methanolic extract (CM-ext) from Corydalis tuber (Corydalis turtschaninovii Besser forma yanhusuo Y. H. Chou et C. C. Hsu) has been screened for activity in experimental models of inflammation. CM-ext (200 or 500 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited an increase in vascular permeability in mice induced by acetic acid, and reduced acute paw edema in rats induced by compound 48/80 or carrageenin. CM-ext suppressed the development of adjuvant-induced edema in arthritic rats. CM-ext and its alkaloidal components, dehydrocorydaline, d-glaucine and l-tetrahydrocoptisine inhibited compound 48/80-induced histamine release from peritoneal mast cells of rats. Since these substances from C. tuber were found to be effective in both the acute and chronic phases of inflammation, the crude drug C. tuber can be considered to exert anti-inflammatory activity.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1994

Studies of anti-cataract drugs from natural sources. I. Effects of a methanolic extract and the alkaloidal components from Corydalis tuber on in vitro aldose reductase activity.

The inhibitory of Corydalis tuber (Corydalis turtschaninovii Besser forma yanhusuo Y. H. Chou et C. C. Hsu) was tested on crude rat lens aldose reductase, an enzyme involved in the complications of diabetes. The methanolic extract (CM-ext) inhibited aldose reductase, while the aqueous extract (CA-ext) was ineffective. Only dehydrocorydaline, of the seven alkaloidal components isolated from CM-ext, inhibited aldose reductase. It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of CM-ext on aldose reductase may be partially attributed to dehydrocorydaline.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1994

[Crude drugs from aquatic plants. III. Quantitative analysis of triterpene constituents in alismatis rhizoma by means of high performance liquid chromatography on the chemical change of the constituents during alismatis rhizoma processing].

As a series of study on the evaluation of Alismatis Rhizoma and the chemical characterization of the processing, a quantitative method by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for ten triterpene constituents, alisols A, A monoacetate, B, B monoacetate, E 23-acetate, F, and G and 13,17-epoxyalisol A, 11-deoxyalisols B and B 23-acetate, has been developed. By the use of this HPLC method, the contents of these triterpenes in various Alismatis Rhizoma and the fresh rhizoma of Alisma oriental JUZEPC, originated from in China, Taiwan, and Japan were examined. Furthermore, the chemical change of the triterpene constituents during the drying process of the rhizoma of Alisma oriental has been investigated and it was found that the bioactive triterpenes of Alismatis Rhizoma such as alisol A and alisol A monoacetate were artificially formed during the drying process.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1994

[Studies on angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE): inhibitory effect of imidapril, a novel ACE inhibitor (II). Inhibition of various tissue ACEs ex vivo].

The antihypertensive mechanism of imidapril was investigated in relation to its inhibition of ACE activities in the serum, thoracic-abdominal aorta, lung, kidney, heart and brain from adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In comparison with normotensive rats (NTRs), the ACE activities in the aorta, heart, brain and lung were higher, while those in the serum and kidney were considerably lower. Imidapril (2 mg/kg) showed remarkable inhibitions within 6 hr in all tissues, except for the brain, after a single oral administration. Consecutive administration of imidapril (2 mg/kg/day) for 30 days produced inhibitions in all tissues. The inhibitions in the serum, aorta and lung were greater, and the duration of inhibition in the aorta, brain and lung were longer. Blood pressure declined gradually until 6 hr, and the reductions were significant at 24 hr after the single and chronic administrations. Imidapril (0.5 mg/kg, ineffective on normal blood pressure) inhibited ACE activities in NTRs similarly. Enalapril at the same dose exhibited less ACE inhibition and antihypertension. These results suggest that the ACE inhibition in the serum, lung and aorta by imidapril correlate with the antihypertension in SHRs; especially, the lung and vascular ACE inhibitions play an important role in the duration of antihypertension in SHRs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Natural infection with attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (O15) in an adult cow.

A 19-month-old Holstein female manifested muco-hemorrhagic diarrhea. At necropsy, the colon contained a large amount of bloody material mixed with mucus and there was diffuse petechial hemorrhage on the mucosal surface. Histologic and electron microscopic examination of the colon revealed the characteristic lesion of attaching and effacing Escherichia coli (AEEC) infection. The organisms were associated with mucosal lesions and stained positively by an immunoperoxidase technique using antiserum to E. coli O group 15. Diarrhea caused by AEEC was recognized in this adult cow.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Isolation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus from Heko-Heko disease of pigs.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus was isolated at high frequency from the sera and lungs of pigs affected with Heko-Heko disease. In addition, a considerable amount of Mycoplasma hyorhinis (Mhr) was also isolated from the lungs. Inoculation of gnotobiote pigs with the first isolate of PRRS virus resulted in the reproduction of proliferative and interstitial pneumonia. The virus was recovered from the inoculated pigs for long periods. Superinfection with PRRS virus and Mhr appeared to produce more serious pneumonia than inoculation with PRRS virus alone. In this study, the presence of PRRS virus was confirmed in Japan, and the PRRS virus was considered as being the most important pathogen for Heko-Heko disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Effect of interactions between granulosa and thecal cells on meiotic arrest in bovine oocytes.

An in vitro culture system in which two types of cell from ovarian follicular walls were attached to opposite surfaces of a collagen membrane was developed. The effect of granulosa-theca cell communication on oocyte maturation was investigated using this culture system. Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes were incubated with granulosa cells, with or without theca cells. The time course of germinal vesicle breakdown was assessed. When cultured with granulosa cells alone, oocytes showed 100% germinal vesicle breakdown after incubation for 6 h. However, when cultured with granulosa and theca cells, germinal vesicle breakdown was significantly delayed for up to 12 h. Breakdown was further delayed by 12 h when cumulus-oocyte complexes were incubated with FSH-treated granulosa and thecal cultures. FSH did not exert this inhibitory effect when in culture with granulosa cells alone. When cumulus-oocyte complexes were incubated with thecal cells alone, all oocytes underwent germinal vesicle breakdown within 6 h; the addition of FSH to the culture medium did not affect the time course of breakdown. It is concluded that a signal(s) from thecal cells augments the meiosis-arresting activity of granulosa cells and that FSH increases the meiosis-arresting activity of granulosa cells under the influence of thecal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

In vitro growth and maturation of pig oocytes.

Preantral follicles containing oocytes of 70-89.5 microns in diameter were isolated from pig ovaries and cultured in collagen gel for up to 16 days, in the presence of serum, FSH and oestradiol. Formation of follicular antra occurred as the culture proceeded. The oocytes had been enclosed by granulosa cells and contacts between the oocytes and processes of the enclosing cumulus cells were maintained over the culture period. After 16 days of culture, 30-40% of the oocytes were of normal appearance, and the diameters of about half of these oocytes were larger than 100 microns. When the oocytes grown in vitro were liberated from the follicles and cultured for a further 48 h in modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate solution, 6, 30 and 60% of the oocytes larger than 90, 100 and 110 microns underwent germinal vesicle breakdown, respectively. Progression to metaphase II was observed in 40% of oocytes that were over 110 microns in diameter, whereas no oocyte less than 90 microns in diameter resumed meiosis. The relationship between the size and meiotic competence of oocytes was similar for oocytes grown in vitro or in vivo. Oocytes grown and matured in vitro were penetrated by spermatozoa and formed a female pronucleus, but decondensation of the sperm head was incomplete. The results demonstrate for the first time that pig oocytes from preantral follicles can grow up to their final size, acquire meiotic competence, and be penetrated by spermatozoa in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Osmotic swelling activates intermediate-conductance Cl- channels in human intestinal epithelial cells.

During osmotic swelling of a human intestinal epithelial cell line, stepwise closing unitary events of Cl- channels could be observed in cell-attached patches upon application of large positive potentials only when inactivating whole-cell Cl- currents were simultaneously observed. The closing process became faster with increasing positive command pulses. The unitary conductance was around 32 pS at 60 mV, 37 pS at +100 mV, and 47 pS at +140 mV exhibiting outward rectification.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1994

Time- and frequency-domain analyses of signal-averaged electrocardiograms in patients with diabetes mellitus.

We recorded the signal-averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) of patients with diabetic retinopathy in order to clarify whether a ventricular conduction disturbance can be detected by time- or frequency-domain analysis of the SAECG. Twenty-four normal subjects (N group) and 20 patients with diabetic retinopathy [diabetes mellitus (DM) group] were studied. On time-domain analysis, the duration of the filtered QRS (f-QRS), the duration of the terminal QRS below 40 microV (LAS40) and the root-mean-square amplitude of the terminal 40 msec (RMS40) were measured. The frequency-domain analysis was performed using two windows. In each window, the ratio of the area under the spectral curve from 40 to 100 Hz was compared with that from 0 to 40 Hz and the area from 20 to 50 Hz was compared with that from 0 to 20 Hz. The LAS40 of the DM group was significantly prolonged when compared with the N group. The area ratio from 40 to 100 Hz versus 0 to 40 Hz significantly increased in the DM group when compared with the N group. These results suggest that SAECG can be used to detect abnormal electrical signals due to diabetic microangiopathy. Moreover, high frequency components of 40 to 100 Hz at the terminus of the QRS wave were most sensitive for abnormalities due to diabetic microangiopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Properties of volume-sensitive Cl- channels in a human epithelial cell line.

A regulatory volume decrease is accomplished by parallel activation of Ca(2+)-dependent K+ channels and Ca(2+)-independent Cl- channels in cultured human intestinal epithelial cells (Intestine 407). The anion selectivity of whole-cell currents recorded in osmotically swollen cells falls into the Eisenman type I sequence corresponding to a low-field anion channel. The volume-sensitive Cl- channel has an intermediate unitary conductance. Both the whole-cell and single-channel Cl- currents exhibit unique voltage-dependency. The Cl- current can be maintained in the activated state in the physiological voltage range. However, at very large depolarizations (over +50 mV), the current is quickly inactivated. The Cl- current shows moderate outward rectification. The whole-cell Cl- current is sensitive to Cl- channel blockers such as SITS and NPPB as well as to cis unsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and oleic acid. The whole-cell current is totally independent of Ca2+ and cyclic AMP, but inhibited by increases in cytosolic free Mg2+ ions. Removal of intracellular ATP, but not Mg2+, abolishes the Cl- current. The ATP role can be substituted for non-hydrolyzable ATP analogs. Therefore, it is likely that intracellular ATP maintains the channel activity through non-hydrolytic binding.

4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfo↗
PubMed1994

Single-channel recordings of volume-sensitive Cl- channels in human intestinal epithelial cells.

Under the double-patch configuration, stepwise closing unitary events could be observed in the on-cell patch upon applications of large positive potentials only when inactivating whole-cell Cl- currents were simultaneously observed in cultured human epithelial cells (Intestine 407) after osmotic swelling. Under the cell-attached configuration, the single channel events exhibited similar time- and voltage-dependent inactivation upon large depolarizations. The inactivation time course became shorter with increasing positive command pulses. The unitary slope conductance was around 63 pS at +140 mV and 46 pS at +100 mV exhibiting outward rectification.

Chloride Channels↗
PubMed1994

Mg2+ and ATP-dependence of volume-sensitive Cl- channels in human epithelial cells.

During osmotic cell swelling whole-cell Cl- currents were recorded in cultured human small intestinal epithelial cells (Intestine 407). When intracellular ATP was depleted, swelling-induced Cl- currents were abolished. Increases in intracellular free ATP enhanced the Cl- current in a concentration-dependent manner. The presence of intracellular free Mg2+ ions suppressed the current. Non-hydrolyzable ATP analogs (AMP-PNP and ATP gamma S), ADP, and GTP could substitute for ATP. Thus, it is concluded that ATP plays an indispensable role in activation of the volume-sensitive Cl- channel without hydrolysis and that intracellular Mg2+ is an additional regulator for volume-sensitive Cl- channels in Intestine 407 cells.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1994

Differences in cardiac function changes between diabetic and non-diabetic hemodialysis patients.

The main cause of death in chronic hemodialysis patients is heart failure. We studied cardiac function prospectively in diabetic and non-diabetic patients who had recently been started on hemodialysis. We analyzed the mechanocardiograms and echocardiograms in addition to routine blood chemistry tests, chest X-rays, and electrocardiograms of ten hemodialysis patients at our hospital from 1989 to 1991. Ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) were not significantly different between diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients at the start of hemodialysis. After starting hemodialysis, EF and FS declined in diabetic patients. In contrast, non-diabetic patients did not show any changes in EF and FS during hemodialysis. The results demonstrated a poor prognosis in cardiac systolic function in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Effective combination therapy by recombinant erythropoietin and cepharanthin in a girl with refractory anemia].

A 3-year-old girl was admitted with a one-month history of a tendency to bleed to Jikei Kashiwa hospital in May, 1992. She developed pancytopenia as follows; hemoglobin: 8.6 g/dl, red blood cell: 316 x 10(4)/microliters, reticulocyte: 9,480/microliters, white blood cell: 2,500/microliters (neutrophil: 400/microliters) and platelet count: 2.7 x 10(4)/microliters. Her bone marrow was hypoplastic, but was so dysplastic in 3 cell-lines as to be diagnosed as hypoplastic refractory anemia. After two courses of methylprednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone therapy which were not effective and were supplemented by blood transfusions, the treatment of 20mg/day oral Cepharanthin, a biscoclaurine alkaloid, and intravenous recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) twice a week at dose of 6,000 U/week was initiated in January, 1993. About 3 months later she showed a steady rise in hemoglobin concentration (from 4.1 to 11.9 g/dl) and platelet count (from 4,000 to 39,000/microliters). Although the rhEPO was tapered and ceased in September, 1993, her hemoglobin concentration has ranged from 11.0 to 11.9 g/dl and her platelet count from 30,000 to 40,000/microliters by giving her Cepharanthin and low dose prednisolone.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1994

[An adult of intrathoracic lipoma arising from the chest wall].

A 34-year-old male with intrathoracic lipoma arising from the chest wall is described. Although asymptomatic, the patient was pointed out an abnormal shadow on the chest X-ray film taken at the mass survey. No findings of CT suggested lipoma. The tumor, measuring 2.5 x 2.0 x 1.5 cm in diameter, was surgically removed, and the diagnosis of lipoma was confirmed postoperatively by histopathologic examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical analysis of cases with acute exacerbation of chronic renal failure].

We analyzed the total number of 42 events of acute exacerbation of chronic renal failure (CRF) in 35 patients who were admitted to the Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital Kidney Center between 1985 and 1990. These patients consisted of 16 males and 19 females with a mean age of 59.8 +/- 12.7 years. The most frequent original renal diseases were diabetic nephropathy (DM) and arteriosclerotic nephrosclerosis (NS). The most frequent acute exacerbation factors were dehydration and infection. Four cases died and one case transferred to chronic hemodialysis, but the other 37 events (88%) in 31 cases recovered to normal renal functioning. Tentative dialysis therapy was performed for 12 events, in which the cases with DM as the original disease and infection as the exacerbation factor were responsive to this therapy. In the analysis of long-term prognosis, 7 out of 26 cases died of non-renal diseases, 15 transferred to chronic dialysis therapy and only 4 remained in a CRF state. The intervals between the date of discharge and that of the start of dialysis therapy was shorter in the cases with DM (mean of 5 months) or chronic glomerulonephritis (mean of 7.6 months) than in cases with chronic interstitial nephritis, polycystic kidney disease and NS (mean of 17.7 months). We concluded that even though many of the cases eventually transferred to chronic dialysis therapy, appropriate therapy during the acute exacerbation period could allow recovery to a natural progressive or nonprogressive course in each case.

Acute Kidney Injury↗