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Biomedical subjects

M Krempf

Publications and source records attributed to M Krempf.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Thromboembolic disease in pneumology. Value of mercury-gauge plethysmography with venous occlusion].

Mercury gauge plethysmography with venous occlusion (PJC) is an atraumatic procedure for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (TVP) of the lower limbs: 103 patients were studied both by plethysmography and phlebography (the reference examination). 54 were hospitalised for a suspicion of pulmonary emboli (EP), 21 for clinical phlebitis and finally 28 subjects had the studies as part of a systematic work-up. 60 cases of TVP of the lower limbs were discovered: 47 were recent, 34 were proximal and 13 sural. The clinical examination failed to reveal these in 36% of cases; the phlebographic and PJC results were concordant for 75% of cases: PJC seemed particularly to be the technique of high sensibility for the early diagnosis of proximal TVP but of a lesser interest for the early diagnosis of peripheral TVP (sensibility 69%). This examination makes an important contribution: for the early diagnosis of hidden proximal TVP; for the diagnosis of EP in its deceptive forms where the presence of a peripheral embolic focus constitutes one weighing factor towards the diagnosis of peripheral thrombo-embolic disease (MIE); for the control of anti-coagulant therapy in the clinic where the local inflammatory process and the biology controlling the consumption of heparin are jointly observed and the study of venous drainage allows an appropriate decision to be made as to the cessation of anticoagulant therapy and minimises the risk of recurrence or avoiding postphlebitis disease by a prolonged treatment.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed1985

[Alcohol and metabolic disorders].

Alcohol can cause disturbance in the main metabolic pathways. Alterations of glycoregulation are particularly frequent in chronic alcoholics as well as disorders of lipoprotein. Other biochemical abnormalities affect protein, vitamins and trace elements. But it is often difficult to decide the extent these abnormalities are the result of the direct toxic effect of alcohol or secondary to organ damage.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1984

[Cytology and phospholipid content of the bronchoalveolar lavage liquid in diffuse interstitial pneumopathies and in sarcoidosis. Apropos of 96 lavages].

The phospholipid content of bronchoalveolar lavage (LBA) has been little studied till now. This work involved 96 LBA on 7 cases of allergic alveolitis, 11 cases of diffuse interstitial fibrosis (FID) and 42 of sarcoidosis. The liquid collected was submitted to a cellular study (cellularity, total and differential) and biochemical (total proteins, total phospholipids separated into their different fractions by chromatography which enabled the identification of phosphatidyl-choline, phosphatidyl-serine and phosphatidyl-inositol in particular). The cytological results were close to the classical data, a rise in the lymphocyte level in allergic alveolitis and active sarcoid, a rise in polymorphonuclear cells in FID. Biochemical analysis showed a fall in total phospholipids for the whole group, the drop being the greatest in the FID. Phosphatidyl-choline, the principle phospholipid of surfactant in normals, was reduced in all three groups of patient when expressed as a percentage of total phospholipids. This fall was greatest with an allergic alveolitis and occurred on a pro rata basis with a rise in phosphatidyl-serine and inositol. The protein phospholipid ratio (PL/P) expressed in micrograms of phospholipid and milligrams of protein fell in a significant fashion in all the pathological groups. This fall was significantly larger in allergic alveolitis than FID and active sarcoid. The PL/P ratio seems to be a good marker of active sarcoid, correlating with the activity of the disease inversely with the lymphocyte level, and was unchanged by steroids unlike the lymphocyte count. A rise in this ratio correlates with an improvement in the radiological and clinical state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Noxytioline in the local treatment of empyema (author's transl)].

The importance assumed by local treatment in non-tuberculous purulent pleurisy has suggested that intrapleural applications of a broad spectrum antiseptic could be as useful as in peritonitis. Fifteen adult patients with empyema secondary, in most cases, to local, usually Gram-negative, infections were treated with combined antibiotic therapy and locally administered noxytioline. The patients underwent 3 to 30 intrapleural lavages (average 9) via a pleurotomy drainage tube (11 cases) or after pleural puncture (4 cases). Results were very satisfactory in 12 out of 15 cases, with mild pleural sequelae in 8 cases. No local or systemic reactions were observed. This treatment proved particularly effective in 5 difficult cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Dermatomyositis associated with lethal pulmonary fibrosis and cutaneous necrosis (author's transl)].

This clinical report concerns a 57 year old woman with dermatomyositis and cardiac involvement. After an apparent clinical and biological improve of the muscular and myocardic symptoms, a pulmonary involvement was reported. There was a persistent high rate of lacticodeshydrogenase serum activity. Then, cutaneous ulcerations and necrosis appeared on the extremities of limbs. Dermatomyositis associated with cutaneous necrosis and pulmonary fibrosis has a very severe prognosis.

Dermatomyositis↗
PubMed1979

[Value of vascular tests in the diagnosis and therapeutical indications of pulmonary embolism on a pneumological background (author's transl)].

The diagnosis of mislaying forms of pulmonary embolism, where even angiography was not pathognomonic, induced the use of a phlebography on lower limbs in patients where this diagnosis was suspected. The revelation of a distal thrombo-phlebitis and even more so an iliocaval one, becomes a major value when the clinical and paraclinical data remained arguable. The comparative study of diagnostic usual clinical and paraclinical elements (radiographies, E.C.G., gasometries and scintigraphies) confirmed, in 22 patients, the value of phlebography. On a pneumological background, it is useful to perform this examination, most of the time : a) on patients over 55, when a cardiorespiratory decompensation remained unexplained in a patient with chronic respiratory insufficiency, or even an unproved hemoptysis; b) but mostly before 55, in case of painful pneumopathy above all if it is bilateral and recurring, or in case of paroxysmal bronchospasm without atopic ground, when a belated asthma could be thought of. Finally vascular tests induced the fitting in situ of a clamp or "umbrella" in the vena cava in 7 patients out of 22.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Comparison of the effects of phentolamine and trinitrine in the treatment of left ventricular failure during the acute phase of myocardial infarct].

Two groups of 10 patients with left ventricular failure during the acute phase of myocardial infarction were studied. One group were given phentolamine, the other trinitrin. The infusion rate was regulated so that the heart rate was not increased by more than 10 beats per minute, and to obtain a pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure less than 18 mmHg with a mean systemic arterial pressure remaining greater than or equal to 80 mmHg. The dose of phentolamine was 5 +/- 3 mcg/kg/mn, but using trinitrin the initial optimal dose of 0.39 +/- 0.22 mcg/kg/mn had to be progressively increased during the first 24 hours. The haemodynamic study done before treatment and after an hour at the optimal infusion rate showed that, for a similar reduction in the pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure, the mean systemic arterial pressure was reduced less by trinitrin than by phentolamine, while the stroke work index was not appreciably altered by either drug. In patients with low systemic arterial pressure, trinitrin appears to be preferable and warrants use after the possible setting up of circulatory assistance by aortic counter-pulsation.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Bronchial fibroscopy. Indications and results].

The authors report a personal experience of 1.159 bronchial fibroscopies performed in 3 years. They review the literature for the indications and results of bronchial fibroscopy (except results on trans-bronchial biopsies). The diagnostic value of this technique is highly superior, where bronchopulmonary cancers are concerned, to the traditional bronchoscopy. Besides these classical indications, the place of bronchial fibroscopy in intensive care, and its help for bacteriological and parasitological diagnoses, must be underlined.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

[Respiratory and hemodynamic functional tests in funnel chest].

Fifty three patients with Pectus excavatum, 12.5 years of age on average, were studied. They frequently had respiratory history (in 36% of cases): asthma, repetitive bronchites or rhinopharyngites, and associated squeletal deformities (17%) : kyphoscoliosis, lordo-kyphosis and scoliosis. As far as ventilation is concerned, the restrictive syndrome was found in 49% of cases, severely in 23% (20% decrease in C. V.) An obstructive syndrome was found only in cases of associated asthma. Bodypletysmography done parallely in 5 cases puts in evidence or increases the ventilatory abnormalities. In the cardio-vascular check up, the chest X ray, E.C.G., the pulmonary scintigraphy or straight microcatheterization, usually reveal some abnormality (15% of cases). The synthesis of results points out two facts : 1) when the heart is in its position and the cardiomediastinal shadow enlarges, the E.C.G. abnormalities are unimportant; when the heart is displaced towards the left, the electrical disorders are bigger ; 2) microcatheterization done on 22 subjects revealed a gradient of systolic pressure, right ventricle-pulmonary artery, definite or severe in 4 cases, lesser in 9. Surgery rarely improves the spirometry and E.C.G. abnormalities, but does seem to cure the hemodynamic disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Note on the complications of pleural needle biopsy: neoplastic seeding of the wall (apropos of 300 effusions and 440 puncture biopsies)].

Out of 440 pleural biopsies done with Abrams or Castelain needle, performed over 11 years in 300 pleural effusions, only 14 incidents of accidents occurred. There were 9 minor ones (intrapleural bleeding, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumoserosa by aspiration). Neoplastic graft along the biopsy tract was observed in 5 cases, of which 4 were primitive malignant mesotheliomas and one a primitive appearing neoplastic pleurisy. The risk of parietal neoplastic seeding runs high in malignant mesothelioma, considering that 11 such cases were included in this series of biopsied patients. This risk is not specific to plaural biopsy and can be encountered in simple thoracentesis. This complication therefore is not a contra-indication to needle biopsy as it is only observed in diseases beyond surgical redemption.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1975

[Normal value and age and sex correlations of mean expiratory output (25-75%). Diagnostic value in early obstructive bronchopneumopathies].

The maximum output of half-expiration (MMFR) or DME 25-75% is studied in 136 subjects, evalued as non obstructive, after the determination of the MEVS/VC X 100. The values noted are reported to the body surface (S) in order to eliminate the biometric differences. A highly close correlation, of the exponential type, is thus put in evidence for each sex between the DME/S and the age of the subjects. The study of the DME in subjects with obstructive Tiffeneau makes possible: a) to determine an inferior limit of the normal condition; b) to bring confirmation of the fiability of the test. The study of the determination of the DME/S is then performed in subjects with normal MEVS/VC X 100 and clinically suspect of bronchial obstruction (tobacco addicts, patients at stage I of chronic bronchitis, asthmatic patients outside the attacks). The DME determination lets appear the presence of a bronchial obstruction in almost one half of the subjects submitted to study.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Butyrate stimulates ApoA-IV-containing lipoprotein secretion in differentiated Caco-2 cells: role in cholesterol efflux.

The aim of this study was to determine: (1) whether the Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA) Acetate, Propionate, and Butyrate enhance the synthesis and secretion of intestinal apolipoprotein A-IV-containing lipoproteins and (2) if so, whether these particles are able to promote cholesterol efflux in vitro. For this purpose Caco-2 cells were used for their functional properties of differentiated enterocytes. They were incubated with the three SCFA (2, 4, and 8 mM) for 48 h. Only butyrate stimulated apoA-IV gene expression and this was associated with an increase in apoA-IV secretion. A nondenaturing 2D-PAGE (agarose gel was followed by PAGE) was used to identify apoA-IV-containing lipoproteins in various media, and showed that butyrate stimulated the secretion of two small HDL sized particles. The influence of these secreted particles on cholesterol efflux was investigated using incubation of media with (3)H-cholesterol-labeled Fu5AH cells. The data indicate that conditioned media from Caco-2 cells treated with butyrate resulted in an increase of 20-30% in cholesterol efflux. We conclude that butyrate may regulate apoA-IV secretion and, therefore, modulate reverse cholesterol transport.

Apolipoproteins A↗